塔里木盆地吐木休克构造带断裂构造分析
|
摘要
吐木休克断裂位于塔里木盆地西部,是一条大型基底卷入型断裂构造带,构成塔里木盆地次级构造单元阿瓦提凹陷和巴楚断隆的分界。根据系统的地震资料解释,可以将吐木休克断裂分为西段、中段和东段3部分,各段构造特征有所差异。西段,为单一的基底卷入型高角度逆冲断层,倾向巴楚断隆;中段,除倾向巴楚断隆的主冲断层外,倾向相反的反冲断层越来越清晰,楔状冲断构造的轮廓逐渐显现出来。同时,在断层上盘还发育第四纪正断层;东段,倾向巴楚断隆的主冲断层,向上断至中寒武统,未断开中寒武统以上的地层,其冲断位移量完全为倾向阿瓦提凹陷的反冲断层所吸收,形成典型的楔状冲断构造。根据地震资料解释,认为吐木休克断裂带主要存在两期断裂构造:深部高角度基底卷入型逆冲断裂带和其上叠加的浅部正断层。前者形成于库车组沉积前,在库车组沉积期间持续活动,并在新近纪晚期定型;后者是本次研究首次发现的,形成于第四纪早中期,仅发育在吐木休克断裂带的中部。
The Tumuxiuke fault belt,which locates in the western Tarim Basin,is a large-scale basement-involved fault zone and forms the boundary between the Awati Sag and Bachu faultuplift(sub tectonic units of Tarim Basin).Based on systematic interpretation on seismic data,three sections of different tectonic features can be divided:the west,the middle and the east section.In the west section,there only develops a basement-involved high-angle thrust fault which dips towards the Bachu fault-uplift;while in the middle section,besides the main Bachuinclining fault mentioned above,a reversed-inclination recoil fault becomes increasingly clear and gradually draws the outline of wedge-shaped thrust structures.Meantime,on the upper plate of the recoil fault,a series of Quaternary normal faults develop;however,in the east section,the Bachu-inclining main fault has its top stopped at Mid-Cambrian,while the unbroken strata above Mid-Cambrian have their thrust displacement completely absorbed by the Awati-inclining recoil fault,which finally make up of the typical wedge-shaped thrust structures.According to the seismic interpretation,we conclude that mainly two generations of fault tectonics exist in the Tumuxiuke fault belt;the deeper high-angle basement-involved thrust fault zone and the shallower overlaid normal faults.The former formed in early Neogene and finally stabilized in Late Neogene;the latter is a new discovery in this paper which formed in the Early-Middle Quaternary and it only developed in the middle section of the Tumuxiuke fault belt..
The Tumuxiuke fault belt,which locates in the western Tarim Basin,is a large-scale basement-involved fault zone and forms the boundary between the Awati Sag and Bachu faultuplift(sub tectonic units of Tarim Basin).Based on systematic interpretation on seismic data,three sections of different tectonic features can be divided:the west,the middle and the east section.In the west section,there only develops a basement-involved high-angle thrust fault which dips towards the Bachu fault-uplift;while in the middle section,besides the main Bachuinclining fault mentioned above,a reversed-inclination recoil fault becomes increasingly clear and gradually draws the outline of wedge-shaped thrust structures.Meantime,on the upper plate of the recoil fault,a series of Quaternary normal faults develop;however,in the east section,the Bachu-inclining main fault has its top stopped at Mid-Cambrian,while the unbroken strata above Mid-Cambrian have their thrust displacement completely absorbed by the Awati-inclining recoil fault,which finally make up of the typical wedge-shaped thrust structures.According to the seismic interpretation,we conclude that mainly two generations of fault tectonics exist in the Tumuxiuke fault belt;the deeper high-angle basement-involved thrust fault zone and the shallower overlaid normal faults.The former formed in early Neogene and finally stabilized in Late Neogene;the latter is a new discovery in this paper which formed in the Early-Middle Quaternary and it only developed in the middle section of the Tumuxiuke fault belt..
引文
郭令智,施央申,卢华复.1992.印藏碰撞的两种远距离效应.见:李清波,戴金星,刘如琦等主编.现代地质学研究文集(上).南京:南京大学出版社.1-8.Guo Lingzhi,Shi Yangshen and Lu Huafu.1992.Two kinds of long distance effect by collision of Indian and Qingzang tectonic plate.In;Li Qingbp,Dai Jinxing,Liu Ruqi et al.(Eds.).Symposium of the Researches on Modern Geology(Volume I).Nanjing:Nanjing University Press.1—8.
何文渊,李江海,钱祥麟等.2000.塔里木盆地巴楚断隆中新生代的构造演化.北京大学学报(自然科学版),36(4):539-546.He Wenyuan,Li Jianghai,Qian Xianglin et al.2000.The Meso-Cenozoic evolution of Bachu fault-uplift in Tarim Basin.Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,36(4):539—546.
李曰俊,吴根耀,孟庆龙等.2008.塔里木西部地区古生代断裂活动的方式和机制.地质科学,43(4):727-745.Li Yuejun.Wu Genyao,Meng Qinglong et al.2008.Active models and mechanisms of the Paleozoic faultings in western Tarim.Chinese Journal of Geology,43(4):727—745.
李曰俊,杨海军,张光亚等.2012.重新划分塔里木盆地塔北隆起的次级构造单元.岩石学报,28(8):2466-2478.Li Yuejun,Yang Haijun,Zhang Guangya et al.2012.New understandings about the tectonic sub-division of Tabei rise,Tarim Basin,NW China.Acta Petrologica Sinjca,28(8):2466—2478.
刘志宏,林东成,王文革等.2001.塔里木盆地吐木休克断裂带的研究.长春科技大学学报,31(3):219-223.Liu Zhihong,Lin Dongcheng,Wang Wenge et al.2001.Study on Tumuxiuke fault belt in Tarim Basin.Journal of Changchun University of Science and Technology,31(3):219—223.
齐英敏,李曰俊,王月然等.2012.塔里木盆地西北缘沙井子构造带断裂构造分析.地质科学,47(2):265-277.Qi Yingmin,Li Yuejun,Wang Yueran,et al.2012.Fault analysis on Shajingzi structural belt,NW margin of Tarim Basin,NW China.Chinese Journal of Geology,47(2):265—277.
肖安成,杨树锋,李曰俊等.2005.塔里木盆地巴楚隆起断裂系统主要形成时代的新认识.地质科学,40(2):291-302.Xiao Ancheng,Yang Shufeng,Li Yuejun et al.2005.Main period for creation of fracture system in the Bachu uplift,Tarim Basin.Chinese Journal of Geology,40(2);291—302.
杨明慧,金之钧,吕修祥等.2007.塔里木盆地基底卷入扭压构造与巴楚隆起的形成.地质学报,81(2):158-165.Yang Minghui,Jin Zhijun,L(u|¨)Xiuxiang et al.2007.Basement-involved transpressional structure and the formation of the Bachu uplift,Tarim Basin,northwestern China.Acta Geologica sinica,81(2):158—165.
朱德丰,刘和甫,吴根耀.2008.塔里木盆地西部吐木休克断裂带的主要特征和构造演化.地质科学,43(2):209-227.Zhu Defeng,Liu Hefu and Wu Genyao.2008.Mail characteristics and structural evolution of the Tunxuk fault zone in the western Tarim Basin.Chinese Journal of Geology,43(2):209—227.
何文渊,李江海,钱祥麟等.2000.塔里木盆地巴楚断隆中新生代的构造演化.北京大学学报(自然科学版),36(4):539-546.He Wenyuan,Li Jianghai,Qian Xianglin et al.2000.The Meso-Cenozoic evolution of Bachu fault-uplift in Tarim Basin.Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,36(4):539—546.
李曰俊,吴根耀,孟庆龙等.2008.塔里木西部地区古生代断裂活动的方式和机制.地质科学,43(4):727-745.Li Yuejun.Wu Genyao,Meng Qinglong et al.2008.Active models and mechanisms of the Paleozoic faultings in western Tarim.Chinese Journal of Geology,43(4):727—745.
李曰俊,杨海军,张光亚等.2012.重新划分塔里木盆地塔北隆起的次级构造单元.岩石学报,28(8):2466-2478.Li Yuejun,Yang Haijun,Zhang Guangya et al.2012.New understandings about the tectonic sub-division of Tabei rise,Tarim Basin,NW China.Acta Petrologica Sinjca,28(8):2466—2478.
刘志宏,林东成,王文革等.2001.塔里木盆地吐木休克断裂带的研究.长春科技大学学报,31(3):219-223.Liu Zhihong,Lin Dongcheng,Wang Wenge et al.2001.Study on Tumuxiuke fault belt in Tarim Basin.Journal of Changchun University of Science and Technology,31(3):219—223.
齐英敏,李曰俊,王月然等.2012.塔里木盆地西北缘沙井子构造带断裂构造分析.地质科学,47(2):265-277.Qi Yingmin,Li Yuejun,Wang Yueran,et al.2012.Fault analysis on Shajingzi structural belt,NW margin of Tarim Basin,NW China.Chinese Journal of Geology,47(2):265—277.
肖安成,杨树锋,李曰俊等.2005.塔里木盆地巴楚隆起断裂系统主要形成时代的新认识.地质科学,40(2):291-302.Xiao Ancheng,Yang Shufeng,Li Yuejun et al.2005.Main period for creation of fracture system in the Bachu uplift,Tarim Basin.Chinese Journal of Geology,40(2);291—302.
杨明慧,金之钧,吕修祥等.2007.塔里木盆地基底卷入扭压构造与巴楚隆起的形成.地质学报,81(2):158-165.Yang Minghui,Jin Zhijun,L(u|¨)Xiuxiang et al.2007.Basement-involved transpressional structure and the formation of the Bachu uplift,Tarim Basin,northwestern China.Acta Geologica sinica,81(2):158—165.
朱德丰,刘和甫,吴根耀.2008.塔里木盆地西部吐木休克断裂带的主要特征和构造演化.地质科学,43(2):209-227.Zhu Defeng,Liu Hefu and Wu Genyao.2008.Mail characteristics and structural evolution of the Tunxuk fault zone in the western Tarim Basin.Chinese Journal of Geology,43(2):209—227.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心