新疆火焰山逆冲推覆构造成油特征
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摘要
将构造演化过程与油气成藏过程有机结合,深入剖析新疆火焰山逆冲推覆构造带的演化过程、动力学机制、构造模式,及其与该区油气成藏的关系。研究表明,地震多发造就了该区油气生成运移的地球化学环境,火焰山构造带从早侏罗世开始的断褶运动和品质良好的烃源岩是有机质演化生烃的重要条件,中侏罗统为主要的储集层段,晚侏罗世沉积的一套厚800～1000 m的棕红色泥岩是侏罗纪油气藏的区域性盖层,断褶构造运动为油气运移提供动力。该地区的勘探已见相当数量的油气显示,以中小油气田为主。火焰山东端与七克台之间的地带是目前勘探的重点区域。
Combining the process of structure evolution with oil and gas accumulation,the paper deeply analyzes the evolution,dynamic mechanism,structural model,and its relationship with hydrocarbon accumulations of thrusting-nappe structure belt.The research result shows that constant earthquake created the geochemical environment for generation and migration of hydrocarbon,and the folding movement started in Early Jurassic and the good quality source rocks were the important factors for organic matter evolution and hydrocarbon.Middle Jurassic was the main reservoir intervals and the brown mudstone deposited 800~1000m of Late Jurassic was the regional caprock.Fault-fold tectonic movements provided the force for the hydrocarbon migration.Exploration in the area has been seen lots of oil-gas,mainly with small and medium oil-gas fields.The area between the eastern end of Huoyanshan and Qiketai is the key exploration areas now.
Combining the process of structure evolution with oil and gas accumulation,the paper deeply analyzes the evolution,dynamic mechanism,structural model,and its relationship with hydrocarbon accumulations of thrusting-nappe structure belt.The research result shows that constant earthquake created the geochemical environment for generation and migration of hydrocarbon,and the folding movement started in Early Jurassic and the good quality source rocks were the important factors for organic matter evolution and hydrocarbon.Middle Jurassic was the main reservoir intervals and the brown mudstone deposited 800~1000m of Late Jurassic was the regional caprock.Fault-fold tectonic movements provided the force for the hydrocarbon migration.Exploration in the area has been seen lots of oil-gas,mainly with small and medium oil-gas fields.The area between the eastern end of Huoyanshan and Qiketai is the key exploration areas now.
引文
[1]康玉柱.新疆三大盆地构造特征及油气分布[J].地质力学学报,2003,9(1):37～46.KANG Yu-zhu.Structural features of Junggar,Tarim and Turpan-Hami basins in Xinjiang and the distribution of oil and gas[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2003,9(1):37～46.
[2]周新桂,刘和甫,王宗秀,等.我国叠合盆地油气调查战略思考[J].地质力学学报,2011,17(2):111～120.ZHOU Xin-gui,LIU He-fu,WANG Zong-xiu,et al.Thoughts of strategic hydrocarbon survey on superimposed basins in China[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2011,17(2):111～120.
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[4]刘江涛,黄志龙,庞智英,等.吐哈盆地火焰山断裂的形成与西部弧形带油气成藏的关系探讨[J].石油天然气学报,2009,31(2):16～19.LIU Jiang-tao,HUANG Zhi-long,PANG Zhi-ying,et al.Formation of burning mountain fault and relation of hydrocarbon of western arc-like zone in Turpan-Hami Basin[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2009,31(2):16～19.
[5]董连慧,屈迅,朱志新,等.新疆大地构造演化与成矿[J].新疆地质,2010,2(4):351～357.DONG Lian-hui,QU Xun,ZHU Zhi-xin,et al.Tectonic evolution and metallogenesis of Xinjiang,China[J].Xinjiang Geology,2010,2(4):351～357.
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[8]陈凤来,漆万珍.火焰山断裂带构造特征分析[J].吐哈油气,2006,11(3):205～208.CHEN Feng-lai,QI Wan-zhen.Structure features analysis for Huoyanshan fracture zone[J].Tuha Oil&Gas,2006,11(3):205～208.
[9]祁世军,高鹏,成守德.新疆造山带大地构造相划分及含矿特征[J].新疆地质,2009,27(2):131～135.QI Shi-jun,GAO Peng,CHENG Shou-de.The division and ore-bearing features on tectonic of orogenic belts of Xinjiang[J].Xinjiang Geology,2009,27(2):131～135.
[10]董树文,张岳桥,龙长兴,等.中国侏罗纪构造变革与燕山运动新诠释[J].地质学报,2007,81(11):1449～1461.DONG Shu-wen,ZHANG Yue-qiao,LONG Chang-xiang,et al.Jurassic tectonic revolution in China and new interpretation of the Yanshan Movement[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2007,81(11):1449～1461.
[11]杨广全,梁晓,王根厚.逆冲断裂及相关褶皱的几何学与运动学定量化研究进展[J].地质通报,2010,29(1):58～61.YANG Guang-quan,LIANG Xiao,WANG Gen-hou.Review of quantitative analyses of thrust-related fold:Geometry and kinematics[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2010,29(1):58～61.
[12]陈正乐,马寅生,王小凤,等.辽河盆地新生代构造演化模式[J].地质力学学报,1999,5(2):83～89.CHEN Zheng-le,MA Yin-sheng,WANG Xiao-feng,et al.Dynamic model of the Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Liaohe Basin[J].Journal of Geomechanics,1999,5(2):83～89.
[13]邓启东,冯先岳,张培震,等.天山活动构造[M].北京:地震出版社,2000.DENG Qi-dong,FENG Xian-yue,ZHANG Pei-zhen,et al.Active structures in Tianshan Mountains[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,2000.
[14]袁明生,黄卫东,李华明,等.构造作用对油气生成和运聚的影响[J].新疆石油地质,2001,23(2):165～169.YUAN Ming-sheng,HUANG Wei-dong,LI Hua-ming,et al.Effect of tectonism on hydrocarbon generation,migration and accumulation[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2001,23(2):165～169.
[15]吴孔友,赵仲祥,崔世凌,等.夏口断层对惠民南部地区油气成藏的控制[J].地质力学学报,2012,18(1):32～41.WU Kong-you,ZHAO Zhong-xiang,Cui Shi-ling,et al.Controlling of Xiakou fault on hydrocarbon accumulation in the southern part of Huimin depression[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2012,18(1):32～41.
[16]叶绍东.金湖凹陷铜城断层构造特征与油气成藏[J].地质力学学报,2012,18(2):187～194.YE Shao-dong。Structural characteristics of Tongcheng faultand hydrocarbon accumulation in Jinhu sag[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2012,18(2):187～194.
[17]陈宣华,陈正乐,杨农.区域成矿与矿田构造研究——构建成矿构造体系[J].地质力学学报,2009,15(1):1～19.CHEN Xuan-hua,CHEN Zheng-le,YANG Nong.Study on regional mineralizations and ore-field structures:Building of mineralizing tectonic systems[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2009,15(1):1～19.
[18]程克明.吐哈盆地油气生成[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994:11～20,40～50.CHENG Ke-ming.Generation of hydrocarbon in the Turpan-Hami Basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1994:11～20,40～50.
[19]左胜杰,贾瑞忠,庞雄奇.应用成藏门限理论评价吐哈盆地前侏罗系油气资源潜力[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(4):321～326.ZUO Sheng-jie,JIA Rui-zhong,PANG Xiong-qi.Apply pool-forming threshold theory to evaluate Pre-Jurassic resource potential of the Turpan-Hami Basin,northwestern China[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2005,27(4):321～326.
[20]李华明.吐哈盆地火焰山中央隆起带稠油的成因[J].新疆石油地质,2010,31(2):131～134.LI Hua-ming.Origin of heavy oil in Huoyanshan central uplift belt in Tuha Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2010,31(2):131～134.
[21]付广,张发强,吕延防.厚度在泥岩盖层封盖油气中的作用[J].天然气地球科学,1998,9(6):20～25.FU Guang,ZHANG Fa-qiang,LYan-fang.Effects of thickness for seal rocks hydrocarbon[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,1998,9(6):20～25.
[22]付晓飞,王鹏岩,申家年,等.简单斜坡油气富集规律——以松辽盆地西部斜坡北段为例[J].地质评论,2006,52(4):522～531.FU Xiao-fei,WANG Peng-yan,SHEN Jia-nian,et al.Migration and accumulation of oil and gas in a simple slope area:A case study on the western slope of the northern Songliao Basin[J].Geological Review,2006,52(4):522～531.
[23]王瑞瑞,张岳桥,董树文,等.构造三角带的概念及其油气勘探意义[J].地质通报,2010,29(2/3):317～329.WANG Rui-rui,ZHANG Yue-qiao,DONG Shu-wen,et al.The definition of triangle zone and its petroleum prospecting significance[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2010,29(2/3):317～329.
[24]王连捷,孙宝珊,王薇,等.地应力对油气运移的驱动作用[J].地质力学学报,2011,17(2):132～143.WANG Lian-jie,SUN Bao-shan,WANG Wei,et al.Driving effect of the crustal stress on petroleum migration[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2011,17(2):132～143.
[25]郭涛,邓军,吕古贤,等.焦家金矿床成矿流体运移的通道、方式及驱动机制[J].地球学报,2008,29(1):81～88.GUO Tao,DENG Jun,LGu-xian,et al.The channel way,style and driving mechanism of ore fluid migration in the Jiaojia gold deposit[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,2008,29(1):81～88.
[26]潘明太,王根厚.油气运移的概念模型[EB/OL].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/200604～417.PAN Min-gtai,WANG Gen-hou.Hydrocarbon migration and accumulation concept models[EB/OL].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/200604～417.
[27]黄学,付广,赖勇,等.断裂对盖层封闭性破坏程度定量研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2008,2(6):5～9.HUANG Xue,FU Guang,LAI Yong,et al.Quantitative research on destroy degree of caprock seal by faults[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2008,2(6):5～9.
[28]吴孔友,李继岩,崔世凌,等.断层成岩封闭及其应用[J].地质力学学报,2011,17(4):350～360.WU Kong-you,LI Ji-yan,CUI Shi-ling,et al.Diagenetic sealing characteristics of faulting zone and its application[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2011,17(4):350～360.
[29]牛彦良.海拉尔盆地潜山油藏油气沿不整合面、断层和砂体运移的控制因素[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2007,26(2):27～29.NIU Yan-liang.Control factors for hydrocarbon migration along unconformity surface,faults and sand body in Hailaer burial hill reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2007,26(2):27～29.
[2]周新桂,刘和甫,王宗秀,等.我国叠合盆地油气调查战略思考[J].地质力学学报,2011,17(2):111～120.ZHOU Xin-gui,LIU He-fu,WANG Zong-xiu,et al.Thoughts of strategic hydrocarbon survey on superimposed basins in China[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2011,17(2):111～120.
[3]康志宏.准噶尔盆地古生代沉积演化特征[J].地质力学学报,2011,17(2):158～174.KANG Zhi-hong.Evolution of Paleozoic sedimentation of the Junggar Basin[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2011,17(2):158～174.
[4]刘江涛,黄志龙,庞智英,等.吐哈盆地火焰山断裂的形成与西部弧形带油气成藏的关系探讨[J].石油天然气学报,2009,31(2):16～19.LIU Jiang-tao,HUANG Zhi-long,PANG Zhi-ying,et al.Formation of burning mountain fault and relation of hydrocarbon of western arc-like zone in Turpan-Hami Basin[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2009,31(2):16～19.
[5]董连慧,屈迅,朱志新,等.新疆大地构造演化与成矿[J].新疆地质,2010,2(4):351～357.DONG Lian-hui,QU Xun,ZHU Zhi-xin,et al.Tectonic evolution and metallogenesis of Xinjiang,China[J].Xinjiang Geology,2010,2(4):351～357.
[6]新疆维吾尔自治区地质矿产局.新疆维吾尔自治区区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,1993.Xinjiang Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resource Prospecting.Geology of Xinjiang Province[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1993.
[7]史书玲.吐哈盆地葡萄沟地区层序地层学研究与有利岩性圈闭预测[D].北京:中国地质大学,2005.SHI Shu-ling.Research on sequence stratigraphy and potential lithologic traps in Putaogou,Tuha Basin[D].Beijng:China University of Geosciences,2005.
[8]陈凤来,漆万珍.火焰山断裂带构造特征分析[J].吐哈油气,2006,11(3):205～208.CHEN Feng-lai,QI Wan-zhen.Structure features analysis for Huoyanshan fracture zone[J].Tuha Oil&Gas,2006,11(3):205～208.
[9]祁世军,高鹏,成守德.新疆造山带大地构造相划分及含矿特征[J].新疆地质,2009,27(2):131～135.QI Shi-jun,GAO Peng,CHENG Shou-de.The division and ore-bearing features on tectonic of orogenic belts of Xinjiang[J].Xinjiang Geology,2009,27(2):131～135.
[10]董树文,张岳桥,龙长兴,等.中国侏罗纪构造变革与燕山运动新诠释[J].地质学报,2007,81(11):1449～1461.DONG Shu-wen,ZHANG Yue-qiao,LONG Chang-xiang,et al.Jurassic tectonic revolution in China and new interpretation of the Yanshan Movement[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2007,81(11):1449～1461.
[11]杨广全,梁晓,王根厚.逆冲断裂及相关褶皱的几何学与运动学定量化研究进展[J].地质通报,2010,29(1):58～61.YANG Guang-quan,LIANG Xiao,WANG Gen-hou.Review of quantitative analyses of thrust-related fold:Geometry and kinematics[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2010,29(1):58～61.
[12]陈正乐,马寅生,王小凤,等.辽河盆地新生代构造演化模式[J].地质力学学报,1999,5(2):83～89.CHEN Zheng-le,MA Yin-sheng,WANG Xiao-feng,et al.Dynamic model of the Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Liaohe Basin[J].Journal of Geomechanics,1999,5(2):83～89.
[13]邓启东,冯先岳,张培震,等.天山活动构造[M].北京:地震出版社,2000.DENG Qi-dong,FENG Xian-yue,ZHANG Pei-zhen,et al.Active structures in Tianshan Mountains[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,2000.
[14]袁明生,黄卫东,李华明,等.构造作用对油气生成和运聚的影响[J].新疆石油地质,2001,23(2):165～169.YUAN Ming-sheng,HUANG Wei-dong,LI Hua-ming,et al.Effect of tectonism on hydrocarbon generation,migration and accumulation[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2001,23(2):165～169.
[15]吴孔友,赵仲祥,崔世凌,等.夏口断层对惠民南部地区油气成藏的控制[J].地质力学学报,2012,18(1):32～41.WU Kong-you,ZHAO Zhong-xiang,Cui Shi-ling,et al.Controlling of Xiakou fault on hydrocarbon accumulation in the southern part of Huimin depression[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2012,18(1):32～41.
[16]叶绍东.金湖凹陷铜城断层构造特征与油气成藏[J].地质力学学报,2012,18(2):187～194.YE Shao-dong。Structural characteristics of Tongcheng faultand hydrocarbon accumulation in Jinhu sag[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2012,18(2):187～194.
[17]陈宣华,陈正乐,杨农.区域成矿与矿田构造研究——构建成矿构造体系[J].地质力学学报,2009,15(1):1～19.CHEN Xuan-hua,CHEN Zheng-le,YANG Nong.Study on regional mineralizations and ore-field structures:Building of mineralizing tectonic systems[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2009,15(1):1～19.
[18]程克明.吐哈盆地油气生成[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994:11～20,40～50.CHENG Ke-ming.Generation of hydrocarbon in the Turpan-Hami Basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1994:11～20,40～50.
[19]左胜杰,贾瑞忠,庞雄奇.应用成藏门限理论评价吐哈盆地前侏罗系油气资源潜力[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(4):321～326.ZUO Sheng-jie,JIA Rui-zhong,PANG Xiong-qi.Apply pool-forming threshold theory to evaluate Pre-Jurassic resource potential of the Turpan-Hami Basin,northwestern China[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2005,27(4):321～326.
[20]李华明.吐哈盆地火焰山中央隆起带稠油的成因[J].新疆石油地质,2010,31(2):131～134.LI Hua-ming.Origin of heavy oil in Huoyanshan central uplift belt in Tuha Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2010,31(2):131～134.
[21]付广,张发强,吕延防.厚度在泥岩盖层封盖油气中的作用[J].天然气地球科学,1998,9(6):20～25.FU Guang,ZHANG Fa-qiang,LYan-fang.Effects of thickness for seal rocks hydrocarbon[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,1998,9(6):20～25.
[22]付晓飞,王鹏岩,申家年,等.简单斜坡油气富集规律——以松辽盆地西部斜坡北段为例[J].地质评论,2006,52(4):522～531.FU Xiao-fei,WANG Peng-yan,SHEN Jia-nian,et al.Migration and accumulation of oil and gas in a simple slope area:A case study on the western slope of the northern Songliao Basin[J].Geological Review,2006,52(4):522～531.
[23]王瑞瑞,张岳桥,董树文,等.构造三角带的概念及其油气勘探意义[J].地质通报,2010,29(2/3):317～329.WANG Rui-rui,ZHANG Yue-qiao,DONG Shu-wen,et al.The definition of triangle zone and its petroleum prospecting significance[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2010,29(2/3):317～329.
[24]王连捷,孙宝珊,王薇,等.地应力对油气运移的驱动作用[J].地质力学学报,2011,17(2):132～143.WANG Lian-jie,SUN Bao-shan,WANG Wei,et al.Driving effect of the crustal stress on petroleum migration[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2011,17(2):132～143.
[25]郭涛,邓军,吕古贤,等.焦家金矿床成矿流体运移的通道、方式及驱动机制[J].地球学报,2008,29(1):81～88.GUO Tao,DENG Jun,LGu-xian,et al.The channel way,style and driving mechanism of ore fluid migration in the Jiaojia gold deposit[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,2008,29(1):81～88.
[26]潘明太,王根厚.油气运移的概念模型[EB/OL].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/200604～417.PAN Min-gtai,WANG Gen-hou.Hydrocarbon migration and accumulation concept models[EB/OL].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/200604～417.
[27]黄学,付广,赖勇,等.断裂对盖层封闭性破坏程度定量研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2008,2(6):5～9.HUANG Xue,FU Guang,LAI Yong,et al.Quantitative research on destroy degree of caprock seal by faults[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2008,2(6):5～9.
[28]吴孔友,李继岩,崔世凌,等.断层成岩封闭及其应用[J].地质力学学报,2011,17(4):350～360.WU Kong-you,LI Ji-yan,CUI Shi-ling,et al.Diagenetic sealing characteristics of faulting zone and its application[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2011,17(4):350～360.
[29]牛彦良.海拉尔盆地潜山油藏油气沿不整合面、断层和砂体运移的控制因素[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2007,26(2):27～29.NIU Yan-liang.Control factors for hydrocarbon migration along unconformity surface,faults and sand body in Hailaer burial hill reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2007,26(2):27～29.
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