桑塔木地区三叠系层序地层特征及有利区带预测
摘要
为了预测桑塔木地区三叠系有利勘探区带,利用地震、钻测井、岩心等资料,通过合成记录标定达到井震统一,将桑塔木地区三叠系划分为1个构造层序、5个三级层序(SQ1-SQ5)和9个体系域,建立高精度的层序地层格架.研究表明,区内除了发育普遍认识的辫状河三角洲-湖泊沉积体系外,还存在曲流河三角洲沉积体系.通过探讨目标层序(SQ3-SQ5)内的沉积特征及演化规律,结合储盖组合分布、反演特征及成藏条件综合分析认为:层序SQ3和SQ5内部低位水进体系域辫状河三角洲储层发育,厚度大、连续性好,但是不易形成岩性油气藏,应以加强断垒带两侧的滚动勘探,寻找新的低幅度构造油气藏为主;而层序SQ4低位水进体系域曲流河三角洲前缘砂体薄,横向连续性较差,易尖灭,有利于形成岩性圈闭,在平面上断垒带东北部斜坡带上为有利的油气聚集相带,可作为下一步油气勘探的重点.
In order to forecast the favorable hydrocarbon exploration zones of the Triassic in Sangtamu area,Tarim Basin,well seismic calibration is finished using seismic,drilling,logging and core data,the Triassic is divided into one structure sequence,five third-order sequences and nine system tracts,and a high-resolution sequence stratigraphic framework is established. The results show that besides braid delta and lacustrine sedimentary systems which have been recognized before,there also developed meandering river delta sedimentary systems. By studying the sedimentary characteristics and evolution law of key sequences( SQ3 - SQ5) ,and combining it with the comprehensive research of the reservoir-cap combination distribution and the hydrocarbon accumulation conditions,it is held that the braided delta reservoirs are developed in the LTST in SQ3 and SQ5,they are of large thickness and good continuity,but they are not favorable to form lithologic traps. Therefore,rolling exploration should be strengthened in the two sides of fault horst zone to find low amplitude structural traps. The meandering river delta front sand bodies in the LTST of SQ4 were thin and easily pinched out,and they are favorable to the formation of lithologic traps. In the plane,the slope zone in northeast of the fault horst zone is favorable hydrocarbon accumulation zone,and it will be a significant oil and gas exploration target area.
In order to forecast the favorable hydrocarbon exploration zones of the Triassic in Sangtamu area,Tarim Basin,well seismic calibration is finished using seismic,drilling,logging and core data,the Triassic is divided into one structure sequence,five third-order sequences and nine system tracts,and a high-resolution sequence stratigraphic framework is established. The results show that besides braid delta and lacustrine sedimentary systems which have been recognized before,there also developed meandering river delta sedimentary systems. By studying the sedimentary characteristics and evolution law of key sequences( SQ3 - SQ5) ,and combining it with the comprehensive research of the reservoir-cap combination distribution and the hydrocarbon accumulation conditions,it is held that the braided delta reservoirs are developed in the LTST in SQ3 and SQ5,they are of large thickness and good continuity,but they are not favorable to form lithologic traps. Therefore,rolling exploration should be strengthened in the two sides of fault horst zone to find low amplitude structural traps. The meandering river delta front sand bodies in the LTST of SQ4 were thin and easily pinched out,and they are favorable to the formation of lithologic traps. In the plane,the slope zone in northeast of the fault horst zone is favorable hydrocarbon accumulation zone,and it will be a significant oil and gas exploration target area.
引文
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[15]王铁冠,李素梅,张爱云,等.应用含氮化合物探讨新疆轮南油田油气运移[J].地质学报,2000,74(1):85-92.WANG Tie-guan,LI Su-mei,ZHANG Ai-yun,et al.A dis-cussion on petroleum migration in the Lunnan oilfield ofxinjang based on nitrogen compound[J].Acta GeologicaSinica,2000,74(1):85-92.
[16]周凤英,孙玉善,张水昌.塔里木盆地轮南地区油气运移的路径、期次及方向研究[J].地质论评,2001,47(3):329-336.ZHOU Feng-ying,SUN Yu-shan,ZHANG Shui-chang.Study on direction,phases and pathways of petroleum mi-gration in the Lunnan area,Tarim Basin[J].Geologic Re-view,2001,47(3):329-336.
[2]纪学武,夏义平,徐礼贵,等.新疆地区油气勘探新领域展望[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(3):334-337.JI Xue-wu,XIA Yi-ping,XU Li-gui,et al.Prospect in newfields of oil gas exploration in Xinjiang area[J].Oil Geo-physical Prospecting,2007,42(3):334-337.
[3]丁晓琪,张哨楠.层序地层学在河流相地层研究中的应用[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2010,25(4):1-6.DING Xiao-qi,ZHANG Shao-nan.Application of sequencestratigraphy in the research of fluvial strata[J].Journal ofXi'an Shiyou University:Natural Science Edition,2010,25(4):1-6.
[4]董洁,陈世悦,李聪.辽河西部凹陷欢喜岭地区沙河街组三段层序地层与沉积相研究[J].地球科学与环境学报,2010,32(3):245-251.DONG Jie,CHEN Shi-yue,LI Cong.Sequence stratigraphyand sedimentary facies in the third member of ShahejieFormation of Huanxiling area in the west depression,Liao-he Basin[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2010,32(3):245-251.
[5]陈飞,胡光义,孙立春,等.鄂南地区上三叠统延长组层序地层特征及其控藏因素分析[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2012,27(1):27-34.CHEN Fei,HU Guang-yi,SUN Li-chun,et al.Sequencestratigraphic characteristic of Yanchang Formation of Up-per Triassic in southern Ordos Basin and its control fac-tors[J].Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University:Natural Sci-ence Edition,2012,27(1):27-34.
[6]吕雪雁,朱筱敏,申银民,等.塔里木盆地台盆区三叠系层序地层研究和有利勘探区预测[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(1):32-35LV Xue-yan,ZHU Xiao-min,SHEN Yin-min,et al.TheTriassic sequence stratigraphy and the prediction of thefavourable exploration targets in Tarim basin[J].Petrole-um Exploration and Development,2002,29(1):32-35.
[7]郭建华,刘辰生,朱锐.阿克库勒地区三叠系层序地层学及储集砂体成因类型[J].沉积学报,2007,25(2):169-176.GUO Jian-hua,LIU Chen-sheng,ZHU Rui.Sequence stra-tigraphy and sandbody genetic types of Triassic system inAkekule area[J].Acta Sedimentary Sinica,2007,25(2):169-176.
[8]贾承造,魏国齐,姚慧君,等.盆地构造演化与区域构造地质[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1995.
[9]周新源,王清华,杨文静,等.塔里木盆地天然气资源及勘探方向[J].天然气地球科学,2005,16(1):7-11.ZHOU Xin-yuan,WANG Qing-hua,YANG Wen-jing,etal.The resource and exploration of natural gas in TarimBasin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2005,16(1):7-11.
[10]胡学平.萨力阔坦东断垒带的地震反射异常及其意义:与轮南桑塔木断垒带已知油气区的类比[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(1):100-104,114.HU Xue-ping.Seismic reflection anomaly and its meaningin east fault horst zone Salikuotan[J].Oil GeophysicalProspecting,2001,36(1):100-104,114.
[11]林畅松,张艳梅,刘景彦,等.高精度层序地层学和储层预测[J].地学前缘,2000,7(3):111-117.LIN Chang-song,ZHANG Yan-mei,LIU Jing-yan,et al.Resolution sequence stratigraphy and reservoir prediction[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2000,7(3):111-117.
[12]Vail P R,Audemard F,Browman S A,et al.The strati-graphic signatures of tectonics,eustacy:An sedimentologyand overview[C]//Einsele G.Cycle and Events in Stra-tigraphy.Heidelberg:Springer-Verlag,1991:617-659.
[13]Shanley K W,McCabe P J.Perspectives on the sequencestratigraphy of continental strata[J].AAPG Bulletin,1994,78(4):544-568.
[14]庞雯,郑俊茂.轮南地区三叠系辫状河三角洲沉积储层特征[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,30(1):57-62.PANG Wen,ZHENG Jun-mao.Sedimantary characteristicand physical property of braid delta of Triassic in Lunnanregion[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University:Sci-ence&Technology Edition,2008,30(1):57-62.
[15]王铁冠,李素梅,张爱云,等.应用含氮化合物探讨新疆轮南油田油气运移[J].地质学报,2000,74(1):85-92.WANG Tie-guan,LI Su-mei,ZHANG Ai-yun,et al.A dis-cussion on petroleum migration in the Lunnan oilfield ofxinjang based on nitrogen compound[J].Acta GeologicaSinica,2000,74(1):85-92.
[16]周凤英,孙玉善,张水昌.塔里木盆地轮南地区油气运移的路径、期次及方向研究[J].地质论评,2001,47(3):329-336.ZHOU Feng-ying,SUN Yu-shan,ZHANG Shui-chang.Study on direction,phases and pathways of petroleum mi-gration in the Lunnan area,Tarim Basin[J].Geologic Re-view,2001,47(3):329-336.
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