柴西地区物理风化层形成机制及其石油地质意义
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摘要
对柴西地区古近纪以来古气候演变和区域地质构造演化进行了研究,确定了该区物理风化层的形成时间和形成机制。在新近纪以来干、冷的极端高原气候和喜马拉雅运动晚期强烈构造运动的双重作用下,形成物理风化层。该区物理风化层段、水层段和油层段在纵向上构成明显的"三段式";物理风化层之下的潜水面存在穿时现象,不能作为地层对比的标志层;物理风化层降低了地震信噪比,在钻井工程方面易发生井漏和井壁垮塌。
The formation mechanism and the forming time of the physical weathering layer in western Qaidam basin are determined by study of paleo-climatic evolution and regional tectonic evolution since Paleogene.The physical weathering layer is formed by dual role of the dry and cold extreme plateau climate and the intense tectonic compression and deformation during the late Himalayan movement.The physical weathering layer,water layer and oil layer in this area constitute obvious "triple-section style" in vertical.The water level under the physical weathering layer appears diachronous phenomenon,thus it cannot serve as a marker bed for stratigraphic isochronal correlation.In drilling engineering,the physical weathering layer could be easily resulted in circulation loss and borehole collapse for it to reduce seismic signal-to-noise ratio and impact seismic data acquisition.
The formation mechanism and the forming time of the physical weathering layer in western Qaidam basin are determined by study of paleo-climatic evolution and regional tectonic evolution since Paleogene.The physical weathering layer is formed by dual role of the dry and cold extreme plateau climate and the intense tectonic compression and deformation during the late Himalayan movement.The physical weathering layer,water layer and oil layer in this area constitute obvious "triple-section style" in vertical.The water level under the physical weathering layer appears diachronous phenomenon,thus it cannot serve as a marker bed for stratigraphic isochronal correlation.In drilling engineering,the physical weathering layer could be easily resulted in circulation loss and borehole collapse for it to reduce seismic signal-to-noise ratio and impact seismic data acquisition.
引文
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