基于模拟退火算法的随机反演技术在砂体预测中的应用
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摘要
塔河油田Su地区石炭系卡拉沙依组砂体的埋藏深度较深,厚度一般小于10m,且横向变化较大,砂、泥岩之间的阻抗差异较小,地震资料不能区分砂泥岩,因此储层描述困难.为此,针对该区目的层段开展了测井约束地震反演研究.本文选用当前理论上较为突出,且实际应用中较为可靠的随机反演方法,同时将模拟退火全局优化方法引入进来,采用约束稀疏脉冲的反演结果作为随机反演的输入模型,大大提高了模型的精度,增强了随机反演的可靠性.通过对比分析,反演剖面的分辨率和信噪比有所提高,能较好地反映储层性质的横向变化,预测结果与实际钻井符合,证实该反演技术在该地区具有一定的实用性.
The sand bodies of Carboniferous Karashayi formation in Tahe oil field are usually buried deeply,with a thickness of less than 10 m and a big lateral change.The resolution of seismic data can not differentiate sandstone from mudstone,making it difficult for reservoir description.In order to solve the problem,corresponding reservoir logging constrained seismic inversion methods are studied in the area.A new method proposed here by adopting inversion results of constrained sparse spike inversion as stochastic inversion input,would greatly enhance the modeling accuracy and stochastic inversion reliability.Simulated annealing algorithm of global optimization is also used.Comparison indicates that the resolution of Inversion and signal-noise ratio are raised,by which the lateral changes of reservoir properties are properly reflected with predicted result being correspondence to that of operation.It shows that the technique of high resolution logging constrained inversion is adaptive in the area.
The sand bodies of Carboniferous Karashayi formation in Tahe oil field are usually buried deeply,with a thickness of less than 10 m and a big lateral change.The resolution of seismic data can not differentiate sandstone from mudstone,making it difficult for reservoir description.In order to solve the problem,corresponding reservoir logging constrained seismic inversion methods are studied in the area.A new method proposed here by adopting inversion results of constrained sparse spike inversion as stochastic inversion input,would greatly enhance the modeling accuracy and stochastic inversion reliability.Simulated annealing algorithm of global optimization is also used.Comparison indicates that the resolution of Inversion and signal-noise ratio are raised,by which the lateral changes of reservoir properties are properly reflected with predicted result being correspondence to that of operation.It shows that the technique of high resolution logging constrained inversion is adaptive in the area.
引文
[1]杨文采.地球物理反演的理论与方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1997:34-210.Yang W C.Theory and Method of Geophysical Inversion[M](in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1997:34-210.
[2]刘光鼎,肖一鸣.油气沉积盆地的综合地球物理研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,1985,20(5):445-454.Liu G D,Xiao Y M.The synergic geophysical study of a oil-bearing sedimentary basin[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(inChinese),1985,20(5):445-454.
[3]祝靓谊.油气勘探综合地球物理研究方法综述[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(1):19-23.Zhu J Y.Overview of integrated geophysics of oil&gasexploration[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2003,18(1):19-23.
[4]杨辉,戴世坤,宋海斌,等.综合地球物理联合反演综述[J].地球物理学进展,2002,17(2):262-271.Yang H,Dai S K,Song H B,et al.Overview of jointinversion of integrated geophysics[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2002,17(2):262-271.
[5]敬荣中,鲍光淑,陈绍裘.地球物理联合反演研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(3):535-540.Jing R Z,Bao G S,Chen S Q.A review of the researches forgeophysical combinative inversion[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2003,18(3):535-540.
[6]王光明.辽河坳陷大民屯凹陷三台子地区下第三系碎屑岩储层预测研究[J].地球物理学进展,2012,27(3):1143-1153.Wang G M.Lower Paleogene clastic rock reservoir predictingresearch for damintun sag of Liaohe depression in Santaizi area[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2012,27(3):1143-1153.
[7]李健,刘特阶,戴民,等.辽河油田薄层砂体的预测与追踪[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(1):56-62.Li J,Liu T J,Dai M,et al.Predicting and tracing of the thinsand bodies in the Liaohe oilfield[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2010,25(1):56-62.
[8]苗广文,刘聪,王典,等.波阻抗反演在吉林探区煤层特征分析及储层预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(5):1788-1795.Miao G W,Liu C,Wang D,et al.The application ofimpedance inversion for characteristics analysis and reservoirprediction in Jilin coalfield[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2011,26(5):1788-1795.
[9]崔成军;龚姚进;申大媛.波阻抗反演在储层预测研究中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(1):9-15.Cui C J,Gong Y J,Shen D Y.Application of wave impedanceinversion to reservoir prediction research[J].Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2010,25(1):9-15.
[10]孙小芳,金振奎,赵前华.伪波阻抗反演和频谱成像技术在琼东南盆地储层预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(2):579-584.Sun X F,Jin Z K,Zhao J H.Application of Pseudo-waveimpedance inversion and spectral imaging technique toreservoir prediction in the Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Progressin Geophysics(in Chinese),2010,25(2):579-584.
[11]王童奎,赵宝银,付兴深,等.南堡凹陷奥陶系潜山精细构造解释和储层预测综合研究[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(2):548-554.Wang T K,Zhao B Y,Fu X S,et al.A comprehensive studyof the refined structural interpretation and reservoirprediction in the Ordovician burial hill in the Nanpu Sag[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2010,25(2):548-554.
[12]刘百红,李建华,魏小东,等.随机反演在储层预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(2):581-589.Liu B H,Li J H,Wei X D,et al.The application ofStochastic seismic inversion in reservoir prediction[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2009,24(2):581-589.
[13]Sams M S,Atkins D,Said N,et al.Stochastic inversion forhigh resolution reservoir characterisation in the CentralSumatra Basin[R].SPE57260,1999.
[14]侯景儒,黄竞先.地质统计学的理论与方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1990:35-105.Hou J R,Huang J X.Theory and Method of Geostatistics[M](in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1990:35-105.
[15]Haas A,Dubrule O.Geostatistical inversion-A sequentialmethod of stochastic reservoir modeling constrained byseismic data[J].First Break,1994,13(12):561-566.
[16]Rothman D H.Geostatistical inversion of 3Dseismic data forthin sand delineation[J].Geophysics,1998,51(2):332.
[17]慎国强,孟宪军,王玉梅,等.随机地震反演方法及其在埕北35井区的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(1):75-81.Shen G Q,Meng X J,Wang Y M,et al.Random seismicinversion and its application in Chengbei No.35well zone[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),2004,39(1):75-81.
[18]Shanor G,Rawanchaikul M,Sams M,et al.A geostatisticalinversion to flow simulation workflow example:MakaremField,Oman:63rd EAGE Conference and TechnicalExhibition,Amsterdam,June10-14,2001[C].Houten:EAGE,2001.
[19]Torres V C,Victoria M,Merletti G,et al.Trace-based andgeostatistical inversion of 3-D seismic data for thin-sanddelineation:An application in San Jorge basin,Argentina[J].The Leading Edge,1999,18(9):1070-1077.
[20]杨午阳.模拟退火叠前AVA同步反演方法[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(1):219-224.Yang W Y.Pre-stack simultaneous AVA inversion algorithmwith simulated annealing[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2010,25(1):219-224.
[21]路鹏飞,郭爱华,杨长春,等.砂泥岩薄互层波阻抗模拟退火反演方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(5):1676-1682.Lu P F,Guo A H,Yang C C,et al.The research of acousticimpendence simulated annealing inversion in sand-shale inter-beddings[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2011,26(5):1676-1682.
[22]陈华根,李嘉虓,吴健生,等.MT-重力模拟退火联合反演研究[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(2):663-670.Chen H G,Li J X,Wu J S,et al.Study on simulated-annealing MT-gravity joint inversion[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2012,55(2):663-670.
[23]路鹏飞,杨长春,郭爱华,等.改进的模拟退火算法及其在叠前储层参数反演中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(1):104-109.Lu P F,Yang C C,Guo A H,et al.Modified simulatedannealing algorithm and its application in pre-stack inversionof reservoir parameters[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2008,23(1):104-109.
[24]任义庆,徐仲达,马在田.应用模拟退火法反演横波速度[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(5):677-684.Ren Y Q,Xu Z D,Ma Z T.S-wave velocity inversion usingsimulated annealing method[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),1996,31(5):677-684.
[25]Chunduru R K,Sen M K,Stoffa P L.2-D resistivityinversion using spline parameterization and simulatedannealing[J].Geophysics,1996,61(1):151-161.
[26]Ingber L.Very fast simulated re-annealing[J].Mathematicaland Computer Modelling,1989,12(8):967-973.
[27]Basu A,Frazer L N.Rapid determination of the criticaltemperature in simulated annealing inversion[J].Science,1990,249(4975):1409-1412.
[28]Press W H,Vetterling W T,Teukolskey S A,et al.Simulated annealing optimization over continuous spaces[J].Computers in Physics,1991,5(4):426-429.
[29]刘鹏程,纪晨.改进的模拟退火-单纯形综合反演方法[J].地球物理学报,1995,38(2):199-205.Liu P C,Ji C.An improved simulated annealing-downhillsimplex hybrid global inverse algorithm[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1995,38(2):199-205.
[30]张霖斌,姚振兴,纪晨,等.快速模拟退火算法及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(5):654-660.Zhang L B,Yao Z X,Ji C,et al.Fast simulated annealingalgorithm and its application[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),1997,32(5):654-660.
[2]刘光鼎,肖一鸣.油气沉积盆地的综合地球物理研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,1985,20(5):445-454.Liu G D,Xiao Y M.The synergic geophysical study of a oil-bearing sedimentary basin[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(inChinese),1985,20(5):445-454.
[3]祝靓谊.油气勘探综合地球物理研究方法综述[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(1):19-23.Zhu J Y.Overview of integrated geophysics of oil&gasexploration[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2003,18(1):19-23.
[4]杨辉,戴世坤,宋海斌,等.综合地球物理联合反演综述[J].地球物理学进展,2002,17(2):262-271.Yang H,Dai S K,Song H B,et al.Overview of jointinversion of integrated geophysics[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2002,17(2):262-271.
[5]敬荣中,鲍光淑,陈绍裘.地球物理联合反演研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(3):535-540.Jing R Z,Bao G S,Chen S Q.A review of the researches forgeophysical combinative inversion[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2003,18(3):535-540.
[6]王光明.辽河坳陷大民屯凹陷三台子地区下第三系碎屑岩储层预测研究[J].地球物理学进展,2012,27(3):1143-1153.Wang G M.Lower Paleogene clastic rock reservoir predictingresearch for damintun sag of Liaohe depression in Santaizi area[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2012,27(3):1143-1153.
[7]李健,刘特阶,戴民,等.辽河油田薄层砂体的预测与追踪[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(1):56-62.Li J,Liu T J,Dai M,et al.Predicting and tracing of the thinsand bodies in the Liaohe oilfield[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2010,25(1):56-62.
[8]苗广文,刘聪,王典,等.波阻抗反演在吉林探区煤层特征分析及储层预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(5):1788-1795.Miao G W,Liu C,Wang D,et al.The application ofimpedance inversion for characteristics analysis and reservoirprediction in Jilin coalfield[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2011,26(5):1788-1795.
[9]崔成军;龚姚进;申大媛.波阻抗反演在储层预测研究中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(1):9-15.Cui C J,Gong Y J,Shen D Y.Application of wave impedanceinversion to reservoir prediction research[J].Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2010,25(1):9-15.
[10]孙小芳,金振奎,赵前华.伪波阻抗反演和频谱成像技术在琼东南盆地储层预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(2):579-584.Sun X F,Jin Z K,Zhao J H.Application of Pseudo-waveimpedance inversion and spectral imaging technique toreservoir prediction in the Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Progressin Geophysics(in Chinese),2010,25(2):579-584.
[11]王童奎,赵宝银,付兴深,等.南堡凹陷奥陶系潜山精细构造解释和储层预测综合研究[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(2):548-554.Wang T K,Zhao B Y,Fu X S,et al.A comprehensive studyof the refined structural interpretation and reservoirprediction in the Ordovician burial hill in the Nanpu Sag[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2010,25(2):548-554.
[12]刘百红,李建华,魏小东,等.随机反演在储层预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(2):581-589.Liu B H,Li J H,Wei X D,et al.The application ofStochastic seismic inversion in reservoir prediction[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2009,24(2):581-589.
[13]Sams M S,Atkins D,Said N,et al.Stochastic inversion forhigh resolution reservoir characterisation in the CentralSumatra Basin[R].SPE57260,1999.
[14]侯景儒,黄竞先.地质统计学的理论与方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1990:35-105.Hou J R,Huang J X.Theory and Method of Geostatistics[M](in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1990:35-105.
[15]Haas A,Dubrule O.Geostatistical inversion-A sequentialmethod of stochastic reservoir modeling constrained byseismic data[J].First Break,1994,13(12):561-566.
[16]Rothman D H.Geostatistical inversion of 3Dseismic data forthin sand delineation[J].Geophysics,1998,51(2):332.
[17]慎国强,孟宪军,王玉梅,等.随机地震反演方法及其在埕北35井区的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(1):75-81.Shen G Q,Meng X J,Wang Y M,et al.Random seismicinversion and its application in Chengbei No.35well zone[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),2004,39(1):75-81.
[18]Shanor G,Rawanchaikul M,Sams M,et al.A geostatisticalinversion to flow simulation workflow example:MakaremField,Oman:63rd EAGE Conference and TechnicalExhibition,Amsterdam,June10-14,2001[C].Houten:EAGE,2001.
[19]Torres V C,Victoria M,Merletti G,et al.Trace-based andgeostatistical inversion of 3-D seismic data for thin-sanddelineation:An application in San Jorge basin,Argentina[J].The Leading Edge,1999,18(9):1070-1077.
[20]杨午阳.模拟退火叠前AVA同步反演方法[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(1):219-224.Yang W Y.Pre-stack simultaneous AVA inversion algorithmwith simulated annealing[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2010,25(1):219-224.
[21]路鹏飞,郭爱华,杨长春,等.砂泥岩薄互层波阻抗模拟退火反演方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(5):1676-1682.Lu P F,Guo A H,Yang C C,et al.The research of acousticimpendence simulated annealing inversion in sand-shale inter-beddings[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2011,26(5):1676-1682.
[22]陈华根,李嘉虓,吴健生,等.MT-重力模拟退火联合反演研究[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(2):663-670.Chen H G,Li J X,Wu J S,et al.Study on simulated-annealing MT-gravity joint inversion[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2012,55(2):663-670.
[23]路鹏飞,杨长春,郭爱华,等.改进的模拟退火算法及其在叠前储层参数反演中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(1):104-109.Lu P F,Yang C C,Guo A H,et al.Modified simulatedannealing algorithm and its application in pre-stack inversionof reservoir parameters[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2008,23(1):104-109.
[24]任义庆,徐仲达,马在田.应用模拟退火法反演横波速度[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(5):677-684.Ren Y Q,Xu Z D,Ma Z T.S-wave velocity inversion usingsimulated annealing method[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),1996,31(5):677-684.
[25]Chunduru R K,Sen M K,Stoffa P L.2-D resistivityinversion using spline parameterization and simulatedannealing[J].Geophysics,1996,61(1):151-161.
[26]Ingber L.Very fast simulated re-annealing[J].Mathematicaland Computer Modelling,1989,12(8):967-973.
[27]Basu A,Frazer L N.Rapid determination of the criticaltemperature in simulated annealing inversion[J].Science,1990,249(4975):1409-1412.
[28]Press W H,Vetterling W T,Teukolskey S A,et al.Simulated annealing optimization over continuous spaces[J].Computers in Physics,1991,5(4):426-429.
[29]刘鹏程,纪晨.改进的模拟退火-单纯形综合反演方法[J].地球物理学报,1995,38(2):199-205.Liu P C,Ji C.An improved simulated annealing-downhillsimplex hybrid global inverse algorithm[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1995,38(2):199-205.
[30]张霖斌,姚振兴,纪晨,等.快速模拟退火算法及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(5):654-660.Zhang L B,Yao Z X,Ji C,et al.Fast simulated annealingalgorithm and its application[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),1997,32(5):654-660.
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