日本宫崎县石卷平原海啸堆积物调查
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摘要
2007年4月,为执行科技部科研院所社会公益课题"中国沿海地区古海啸的定量研究",课题组部分成员访问了日本,并对日本东北地区宫崎县石卷海岸平原的海啸堆积物做了概略性的调查。2011年3月11日,该地区发生了9.0级大地震并引发海啸,造成了巨大的经济损失和人员伤亡。为了使人们对该地区过去的海啸历史有一个概略认识,并了解海啸堆积物的调查方法,对这次调查作一简要报道。这次调查揭示出3次海啸事件,最新一次发生在公元915年十和田火山喷发之前,对应于公元869年的贞观大海啸。
To carry out the project "Study on paleo-tsunami in east and southeast seashore area of China" supported by China Ministry of Science and Technology,we made a study tour to Japan in April,2007.In this visit,we investigated roughly the tsunami deposits in Ishinomaki Plain,Miyaki County,Japan,where a huge earthquake of MW 9.0 occurred at March 11,2011.This earthquake caused a great tsunami along the northeast coast of Honsyu Island,Japan,bringing lots of death and huge economic loss.To understand the tsunami history in this area and the methods of investigating tsunami deposits,it is necessary to introduce briefly our investigation in Ishinomaki Plain,Miyaki County,Japan.Our investigation results demonstrated three tsunami events occurred in this area.The latest one occurred before 915 AD,when the Towada volcano erupted and the tephra from this eruption covered almost all of the Northeast Japan,corresponding to the 869 AD Jogan earthquake tsunami.
To carry out the project "Study on paleo-tsunami in east and southeast seashore area of China" supported by China Ministry of Science and Technology,we made a study tour to Japan in April,2007.In this visit,we investigated roughly the tsunami deposits in Ishinomaki Plain,Miyaki County,Japan,where a huge earthquake of MW 9.0 occurred at March 11,2011.This earthquake caused a great tsunami along the northeast coast of Honsyu Island,Japan,bringing lots of death and huge economic loss.To understand the tsunami history in this area and the methods of investigating tsunami deposits,it is necessary to introduce briefly our investigation in Ishinomaki Plain,Miyaki County,Japan.Our investigation results demonstrated three tsunami events occurred in this area.The latest one occurred before 915 AD,when the Towada volcano erupted and the tephra from this eruption covered almost all of the Northeast Japan,corresponding to the 869 AD Jogan earthquake tsunami.
引文
阿部寿,菅野喜貞,千釜章.1990.仙台平野における貞観11年(869年)三陸津波の痕跡高の推定[J].地震2輯,43:513—525.Abe K,Sugano Y,Chikama A.1990.Estimation of the height of trace of the Sanriku tsunami in Sendai Plain in July869[J].Jishin Ser2,43:513—525(in Japanese).
都司·东京大学地震研究所.2011.北三陸の津波高さ-明治·昭和との比較[R].http:∥outreach.eri.u tokyo.ac.jp/eqvolc/201103_tohoku/.Earthquake Institute,Tokyo University.2011.Tsunami height of Kitasanriku-Comparison with the tsunami in Meijiperiod and Showa period[R].http:∥outreach.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/eqvolc/201103_tohoku/(in Japanese).
大木,都司,西田·东京大学地震研究所.2011.過去に起きた大きな地震の余震と誘発地震[R].http:∥outreach.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/eqvolc/201103_tohoku/.Oki,Tsuji,Nisida·Earthquake Institute,Tokyo University.2011.Aftershocks of the past massive earthquakes[R].http:∥outreach.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/eqvolc/201103_tohoku/(in Japanese).
菅原大介,箕浦幸治,今村文彦.2001.西暦869年貞観津波による堆積物作用とその数値復元[J].津波工学研究報告，18:1—10.Sugawara D,Minoura K,Imamura F.2011.The sedimentation and digital restoration of Jogan Tsunami in869AD[J].Tsunami Engineering Technical Report,18:1—10(in Japanese).
宍倉正展,澤井祐紀,岡村行信，等．2007.石巻平野における津波堆積物の分布と年代[J].活断層·古地震研究報告，7:31—46.Shishikura M,Sawai Y,Okamura Y,et al.2007.Age and distribution of tsunami deposit in the Ishinomaki plain,Northeastern Japan[J].Research Report of Active Fault and Paleo-earthquake,7:31—46(in Japanese).
澤井祐紀,宍倉正展,岡村行信，等．2007.ハンディジオスライサーを用いた宮城県仙台平野(仙台市·名取市·岩沼市·亘理町·山元町)における古津波痕跡調査[J].活断層·古地震研究報告，7:47—80.Sawai Y,Shishikura M,Okamura Y,et al.2007.A study on paleotsunami using handy geoslicer in Sendai Plain(Sendai,Natori,Iwanuma,Watari,and Yamamoto),Miyagi,Japan[J].Research Report of Active Fault and Paleoearthquake,7:47—80(in Japanese).
日本産業技術総和研究所活断層·地震研究センター.2011.東北地方太平洋沖地震の概要[R].http:∥unit.aist.go.jp/actfault-eq/Tohoku/gaiyo.html.Active Fault and Earthquake Research Center,AIST.2011.Overview of the Tohoku Pacific Ocean earthquake,Japan[R].http:∥unit.aist.go.jp/actfault-eq/Tohoku/gaiyo.html(in Japanese).
日本国土地理院.2011.GPS連続観測から得られた電子基準点の地殻変動[R].http:∥www.gsi.go.jp/chibankansi/chikakukansi40005.html.Geospatial Information Authority of Japan.2011.Crustal deformation at electric base points resulting from continuousGPS observation[R].http:∥www.gsi.go.jp/chibankansi/chikakukansi40005.html(in Japanese).
町田洋,新井房夫.2003.新編火山灰アトラス-日本列島とその周辺[M].东京:東京大学出版会.336pp.Matida H and Arai F.2003.Atlas of Volcanic Ash-Japanese Islands and Surrounding(New Edition)[M].Press ofTokyo University,Tokyo.336pp(in Japanese).
Dawson A G,Shi S,Dawson S,et al.1996.Coastal sedimentation associated with the June2nd and3rd,1994tsunami inRajegwesi,Jave[J].Quaternary Science Rev,15:901—912.
Minoura K,Nakaya S.1990.Traces of tsunami preserved in inter-tidal lacustrine and marsh deposits:Some examplesfrom northeast Japan[J].Journal of Geology,99:265—287.
Nanayama F,Shigeno K,Satake K,et al.2000.Sedimentary difference between the1933Hokkaido-nansei-oki tsunamiand1959Miyakojima typhoon at Taisei,southwestern Hokkaido,northern Japan[J].Sedimentary Geology,135:255—264.
都司·东京大学地震研究所.2011.北三陸の津波高さ-明治·昭和との比較[R].http:∥outreach.eri.u tokyo.ac.jp/eqvolc/201103_tohoku/.Earthquake Institute,Tokyo University.2011.Tsunami height of Kitasanriku-Comparison with the tsunami in Meijiperiod and Showa period[R].http:∥outreach.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/eqvolc/201103_tohoku/(in Japanese).
大木,都司,西田·东京大学地震研究所.2011.過去に起きた大きな地震の余震と誘発地震[R].http:∥outreach.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/eqvolc/201103_tohoku/.Oki,Tsuji,Nisida·Earthquake Institute,Tokyo University.2011.Aftershocks of the past massive earthquakes[R].http:∥outreach.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/eqvolc/201103_tohoku/(in Japanese).
菅原大介,箕浦幸治,今村文彦.2001.西暦869年貞観津波による堆積物作用とその数値復元[J].津波工学研究報告，18:1—10.Sugawara D,Minoura K,Imamura F.2011.The sedimentation and digital restoration of Jogan Tsunami in869AD[J].Tsunami Engineering Technical Report,18:1—10(in Japanese).
宍倉正展,澤井祐紀,岡村行信，等．2007.石巻平野における津波堆積物の分布と年代[J].活断層·古地震研究報告，7:31—46.Shishikura M,Sawai Y,Okamura Y,et al.2007.Age and distribution of tsunami deposit in the Ishinomaki plain,Northeastern Japan[J].Research Report of Active Fault and Paleo-earthquake,7:31—46(in Japanese).
澤井祐紀,宍倉正展,岡村行信，等．2007.ハンディジオスライサーを用いた宮城県仙台平野(仙台市·名取市·岩沼市·亘理町·山元町)における古津波痕跡調査[J].活断層·古地震研究報告，7:47—80.Sawai Y,Shishikura M,Okamura Y,et al.2007.A study on paleotsunami using handy geoslicer in Sendai Plain(Sendai,Natori,Iwanuma,Watari,and Yamamoto),Miyagi,Japan[J].Research Report of Active Fault and Paleoearthquake,7:47—80(in Japanese).
日本産業技術総和研究所活断層·地震研究センター.2011.東北地方太平洋沖地震の概要[R].http:∥unit.aist.go.jp/actfault-eq/Tohoku/gaiyo.html.Active Fault and Earthquake Research Center,AIST.2011.Overview of the Tohoku Pacific Ocean earthquake,Japan[R].http:∥unit.aist.go.jp/actfault-eq/Tohoku/gaiyo.html(in Japanese).
日本国土地理院.2011.GPS連続観測から得られた電子基準点の地殻変動[R].http:∥www.gsi.go.jp/chibankansi/chikakukansi40005.html.Geospatial Information Authority of Japan.2011.Crustal deformation at electric base points resulting from continuousGPS observation[R].http:∥www.gsi.go.jp/chibankansi/chikakukansi40005.html(in Japanese).
町田洋,新井房夫.2003.新編火山灰アトラス-日本列島とその周辺[M].东京:東京大学出版会.336pp.Matida H and Arai F.2003.Atlas of Volcanic Ash-Japanese Islands and Surrounding(New Edition)[M].Press ofTokyo University,Tokyo.336pp(in Japanese).
Dawson A G,Shi S,Dawson S,et al.1996.Coastal sedimentation associated with the June2nd and3rd,1994tsunami inRajegwesi,Jave[J].Quaternary Science Rev,15:901—912.
Minoura K,Nakaya S.1990.Traces of tsunami preserved in inter-tidal lacustrine and marsh deposits:Some examplesfrom northeast Japan[J].Journal of Geology,99:265—287.
Nanayama F,Shigeno K,Satake K,et al.2000.Sedimentary difference between the1933Hokkaido-nansei-oki tsunamiand1959Miyakojima typhoon at Taisei,southwestern Hokkaido,northern Japan[J].Sedimentary Geology,135:255—264.
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