裂缝三维地质建模的难点与对策
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摘要
裂缝三维地质建模通常包括裂缝强度建模、离散裂缝网络建模和裂缝属性建模3个主要步骤,在这3个步骤中面临着如何将裂缝信息和成果归一化以及如何三维量化描述裂缝开度和渗透率属性参数等诸多难点。对上述问题进行了初步探讨,并总结出具体的解决方法。首先,利用成像测井或常规测井裂缝解释的数据作为基本数据点,以动态分析及地震检测等资料为约束条件,选用合适的地质统计学方法建立裂缝强度模型;其次,综合利用岩心、测井及动态监测等研究成果,建立离散裂缝网络模型;最后,运用岩心裂缝分析和经验公式相结合的方式获得初步的裂缝属性模型,并根据试井分析等方法获得的裂缝渗透率等参数进行调整,得到最终的裂缝属性模型。运用上述方法结合国际主流的裂缝研究与建模软件,可定量描述裂缝的三维分布,为油藏数值模拟及油藏研究提供更好的支持。
Three-dimensional quantitative analysis of fracture is not only the comprehensive embodiment of fracture research results,but also the objective need of fractural reservoirs study and numerical reservoir simulation. With the advance of logging recognition,seismic detecting, dynamic monitoring, physical modeling and numerical simulation methods, we can get more valuable materials than before which bring even higher challenges in fracture three-dimensional modeling. Three main steps included in the fracture three-dimensional quantitative analysis, i.e., fracture intensity modeling, DFN modeling and fracture network properties modeling. It is the most important and the most difficult thing that how to unify the fracture information and research results, how to calculate fracture attributes such as aperture and permeability. This paper has proposed the related solutions and discussions, introduced a method which uses imaging or conventional logging data, dynamic analysis results, seismic detecting data and other data to build fracture intensity model, and uses core fracture data in combination with empirical formulas to build fracture properties models. Combining this method with international fracture modeling software, we can quantitatively describe the three-dimensional distribution of fracture and provide solidsupport for reservoir study and numerical simulation.
Three-dimensional quantitative analysis of fracture is not only the comprehensive embodiment of fracture research results,but also the objective need of fractural reservoirs study and numerical reservoir simulation. With the advance of logging recognition,seismic detecting, dynamic monitoring, physical modeling and numerical simulation methods, we can get more valuable materials than before which bring even higher challenges in fracture three-dimensional modeling. Three main steps included in the fracture three-dimensional quantitative analysis, i.e., fracture intensity modeling, DFN modeling and fracture network properties modeling. It is the most important and the most difficult thing that how to unify the fracture information and research results, how to calculate fracture attributes such as aperture and permeability. This paper has proposed the related solutions and discussions, introduced a method which uses imaging or conventional logging data, dynamic analysis results, seismic detecting data and other data to build fracture intensity model, and uses core fracture data in combination with empirical formulas to build fracture properties models. Combining this method with international fracture modeling software, we can quantitatively describe the three-dimensional distribution of fracture and provide solidsupport for reservoir study and numerical simulation.
引文
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[3]周新桂,张林炎,范昆.油气盆地低渗透储层裂缝预测研究现状及进展[J].地质论评,2006,52(6):777-782.
[4]谢风猛.东营凹陷平方王—平南潜山油藏裂缝性储层描述[J].油气地质与采收率,2010,17(3):42-44.
[5]李军,郝天珧,赵百民.地震与测井数据综合预测裂缝发育带[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1):179-183.
[6]宋梅远,张善文,王永诗,等.沾化凹陷沙三段下亚段泥岩裂缝储层岩性分类及测井识别[J].油气地质与采收率,2011,18(6):18-22.
[7]尹志军,黄述旺,陈崇河.用三维地震资料预测裂缝[J].石油勘探与开发,1999,26(1):78-80.
[8]张丽艳,赵国欣,乌洪翠,等.裂缝性碳酸盐岩储层裂缝网络测井响应特征——以沾化凹陷富台潜山为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2011,18(5):34-36.
[9]巫芙蓉,李亚林,王玉雪,等.储层裂缝发育带的地震综合预测[J].天然气工业,2006,26(11):49-51.
[10]王永刚,李振春,刘礼农,等.利用地震信息预测储层裂缝发育带[J].石油物探,2000,39(4):57-63.
[11]李民河,康健德,赵增义,等.微地震波裂缝监测技术在油田裂缝研究中的应用——以克拉玛依八区下乌尔禾组油藏为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2004,11(3):16-18.
[12]张淑娟,王延斌,梁星如,等.蚂蚁体技术在潜山油藏裂缝预测中的应用[J].断块油气田,2011,18(1):51-54.
[13]杨坚,吕心瑞,李江龙,等.裂缝性油藏离散裂缝网络随机生成及数值模拟[J].油气地质与采收率,2011,18(6):74-77.
[14]王秀娟,杨学保,迟博.大庆外围低渗透储层裂缝与地应力研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2004,23(5):88-90.
[15]张兴刚,张旭.测井裂缝参数估算方法研究[J].天然气工业,2003,23(4):31-34.
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