基于统计检验法研究Amurian板块相对独立性
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摘要
Amurian板块是Zonenshain等提出的提出的东北亚地区内部一个构造亚板块.Amurian板块自提出以来就一直受到地学界的广泛重视.它到底是欧亚大陆的一部分,还是独立于欧亚大陆之外的一个独立次级构造块体?这个问题一直是是东亚,乃至欧亚大陆构造动力学研究的核心问题之一.许多学者从地质和地球物理学两个角度研究了Amurian板块存在的可能性.但是复杂的构造特征和稀少且弥散的地震分布使得Amurian问题充满了争议.全球卫星定位系统(GPS)技术的不断进步使得在短时间获得高精度、大范围、准实时的地壳运动观测数据,并确定地壳运动速度场成为可能.本文利用东北亚地区最新GPS资料,从大地测量学角度对东北亚地区的地壳运动特征进行分析,基于统计检验方法重点研究Amurian板块相对欧亚大陆的独立性及其边界等问题.
The Amurian Plate was proposed by Zonenshain as a microplate within the Northeast Asia.Many issues concerning the Amurian Plate,such as whether the Amurian Plate exists,where its southern boundary is,are presently highly debated.Although many scholars employed the evidence of geology and geophysics to conduct research on the possibility about the existence of Amuria.Nevertheless,complicated tectonic characteristics as well as seldom and dispersed seismic activities make the issue of Amurian plate a problem full of disputation.With the improvement of Global Positioning System(GPS),the GPS observations can provide high-precision,large-scale,quasi real-time and quantitative data of crust movement,and make obtaining large-scale velocity field of crust movement in a short time possible.In this paper,based on the new GPS data and statistics tests,we conducted significance tests to investigate whether Amuria is a part of the Eurasia(EU) or a separate block which is independent from EU and to define the ambiguous southern boundary of the Amuria.
The Amurian Plate was proposed by Zonenshain as a microplate within the Northeast Asia.Many issues concerning the Amurian Plate,such as whether the Amurian Plate exists,where its southern boundary is,are presently highly debated.Although many scholars employed the evidence of geology and geophysics to conduct research on the possibility about the existence of Amuria.Nevertheless,complicated tectonic characteristics as well as seldom and dispersed seismic activities make the issue of Amurian plate a problem full of disputation.With the improvement of Global Positioning System(GPS),the GPS observations can provide high-precision,large-scale,quasi real-time and quantitative data of crust movement,and make obtaining large-scale velocity field of crust movement in a short time possible.In this paper,based on the new GPS data and statistics tests,we conducted significance tests to investigate whether Amuria is a part of the Eurasia(EU) or a separate block which is independent from EU and to define the ambiguous southern boundary of the Amuria.
引文
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[19]Soler T.A compendium of transformation formulas useful inGPS work.Journal of Geodesy,1998,72(7-8):482-490.
[20]Steblov G M,Kogan M G,King R W,et al.Imprint of theNorth American plate in Siberia revealed by GPS.Geophys.Res.Lett.,2003,30(18),doi:10.1029/2003GL017805.
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[22]王敏,沈正康,牛之俊等.现今中国大陆地壳运动与活动块体模型.中国科学(D辑),2003,33(增刊):21-32.Wang M,Shen Z K,Niu Z J,et al.Contemporary crustalmovement in Chinese mainland and active block model.Science in China(Ser.D)(in Chinese),2003,33(Supp):21-32.
[23]Wang Q,Zhang P Z,Freymuller J T,et al.Present-daycrustal deformation in China constrained by global positioningsystem measurements.Science,2001,294(5542):574-577.
[24]Shen Z K,Wang M,Li Y X,et al.Crustal deformationalong the Altyn Tagh fault system,western China,fromGPS.J.Geophys.Res.,2001,106(B12):30607-30621.
[25]Altamimi Z,Sillard P,Boucher C.ITRF2000:a new releaseof the International Terrestrial Reference Frame for earthscience applications.J.Geophys.Res.,2002,107(B10):2214-2222.
[26]丁国瑜,卢演俦.对我国现代板内运动状态的初步探讨.科学通报,1986,31(18):1412-1413.Ding G Y,Lu Y C.A preliminary research on the currentintraplate motion in China.Chinese Science Bulletin(in Chinese),1986,31(18):1412-1413.
[27]丁国瑜,卢演俦.中国岩石圈动力学概论.北京:地震出版社,1991.Ding G Y,Lu Y C.Introduction of the LithosphericGeodynanics of China(in Chinese).Beijing:SeismologicalPress,1991.
[28]张培震,邓起东,张国民等.中国大陆的强震活动与活动地块.中国科学,2003,33(B04):12-20.Zhang P Z,Deng Q D,Zhang G M,et al.Strong earthquakeactivity and active blocks in China mainland.Science in China(in Chinese),2003,33(Suppl):12-20.
[29]Iwakuni M,Kato T,Takiguchi H,et al.Crustaldeformation in Thailand and tectonics of Indochina peninsulaas seen from GPS observations.Geophys.Res.Lett.,2004,31(L11612):1-4.
[30]Jin S G.A dense GPS observation(1998—2005)in NE Asia:defining Amurian plate and its kinematics.report.
[31]Gordon R G,Stein S,DeMets C,et al.Statistical tests forclosure of plate motion circuits.Geophys.Res.Lett.,1987,14(6):587-590.
[32]盛骤等.概率论与数理统计.北京:高等教育出版社,1989.Sheng Z,et al.Probability and Statistics(in Chinese).Beijing:Higher Education Press,1989.
[33]Wagenmakers E J,Farrell S.AIC model selection usingAkaike weights.Psychonomic Bulletin and Review,2004,11(1):192-196.
[34]Niu Z J,Wang M,Sun H R,et al.Contemporary velocityfield of crustal movement of Chinese mainland from GlobalPositioning System measurements.Chinese Science Bulletin,2005,50(9):939-941.
[2]Bird P.An updated digital model of plate boundaries.Geochemistry,Geophysics,Geosystems,2003,4(3),doi:10.1029/2001GC000252.
[3]Zonenshain L P,Savostin L A.Geodynamics of the Baikalrift zone and plate tectonics of Asia.Tectonophysics,1981,76(1-2):1-45.
[4]许厚泽,熊熊.东北亚大陆地壳运动的GPS研究.大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(4):1-6.Xu H Z,Xiong X.Study on continental crust movement ofNortheast Asia by GPS.Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics(in Chinese),2004,24(4):1-6.
[5]Miyazaki S,Heki K,Hatanaka Y,et al.Determination ofthe Euler vector between the Amurian and the Eurasian.plates with GPS data.∥Paper presented at 86th Meeting ofthe Geodetic Society of Japan.Geod.Soc.of Jpn.,Kochi.,1996.
[6]Calais E,Lesne O,Déverchère J,et al.Crustal deformationin the Baikal rift from GPS measurements.Geophys.Res.Lett.,1998,25(21):4003-4006.
[7]Takahashi H,Kasahara M,Kimata F,et al.Velocity field ofaround the Sea of Okhotsk and Sea of Japan regionsdetermined from a new continuous GPS network data.Geophys.Res.Lett.,1999,26(16):2533-2536.
[8]Heki K,Miyazaki S,Takahashi H,et al.The AmurianPlate motion and current plate kinematics in eastern Asia.J.Geophys.Res.,1999,104(B12):29147-29155.
[9]孟国杰,申旭辉.阿穆尔板块相对欧亚板块的欧拉运动.大地测量与地球动力学,2006,26(3):23-27.Meng G J,Shen X H.Euler movement of Amurian platerelated to Eurasia plate.Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics(in Chinese),2006,26(3):23-27.
[10]Calais E,Vergnolle M,San′kov V,et al.GPSmeasurements of crustal deformation in the Baikal-Mongoliaarea(1994—2002):Implications for current kinematics ofAsia.J Geophys.Res.,2003,108(B10):2501,doi:10.1029/2002JB002373.
[11]Sella G F,Dixon T H,Mao A L.A model for recent platevelocities from space geodesy.J.Geophys.Res.,2000,107(B4):2081,doi:10.1029/2000JB000033.
[12]Kreemer C,Holt W E,Haines A J.An integrated globalmodel of present-day plate motions and plate boundarydeformation.Geophys.J.Int.,2003,154(1):8-34.
[13]郭东美,李军,熊熊等.地壳运动速度场的数据融合研究.武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2008(2):212-215.Guo D M,Li J,Xiong X,et al.Data combination of Crustalmovement velocity fields.Geomatics and Information Scienceof Wuhan University(in Chinese),2008(2):212-215.
[14]魏东平,Tetsuzo S.东亚北部地区现代板块构造的运动学分析.地球物理学报,2000,43(1):53-63.Wei D P,Tetsuzo S.Kinematic analysis of modern platetectonics in Northeastern Asia.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2000,43(1):53-63.
[15]Calais E.Global Positioning System measurements of activecrustal deformation in Western Mongolia.1997—2002report.
[16]Calais E,Vergnolle M,Déverchère J,et al.Are post-seismiceffects of the M=8.4Bolnay earthquake(1905July 23)stillinfluencing GPS velocities in the Mongolia-Baikal area?Geophys.J.Int.,2002,149(1):157-168.
[17]Shen Z K,Zhao C K,Yin A,et al.Contemporary crustaldeformation in east Asia constrained by Global positioningSystem measurements.Journal of Geophysical Research,2000,105(B3):5721-5734.
[18]赖锡安,黄立人,徐菊生等.中国大陆现今地壳运动.北京:地震出版社,2004.Lai X A,Huang L R,Xu J S,et al.Contemporary CrustMotion of China(in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press,2004.
[19]Soler T.A compendium of transformation formulas useful inGPS work.Journal of Geodesy,1998,72(7-8):482-490.
[20]Steblov G M,Kogan M G,King R W,et al.Imprint of theNorth American plate in Siberia revealed by GPS.Geophys.Res.Lett.,2003,30(18),doi:10.1029/2003GL017805.
[21]石耀霖,朱守彪.利用GPS观测资料划分现今地壳活动块体的方法.大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(2):1-5.Shi Y L,Zhu S B.Method for division of present activecrustal blocks by GPS survey data.Journal of Geodesy andGeodynamics(in Chinese),2004,24(2):1-5.
[22]王敏,沈正康,牛之俊等.现今中国大陆地壳运动与活动块体模型.中国科学(D辑),2003,33(增刊):21-32.Wang M,Shen Z K,Niu Z J,et al.Contemporary crustalmovement in Chinese mainland and active block model.Science in China(Ser.D)(in Chinese),2003,33(Supp):21-32.
[23]Wang Q,Zhang P Z,Freymuller J T,et al.Present-daycrustal deformation in China constrained by global positioningsystem measurements.Science,2001,294(5542):574-577.
[24]Shen Z K,Wang M,Li Y X,et al.Crustal deformationalong the Altyn Tagh fault system,western China,fromGPS.J.Geophys.Res.,2001,106(B12):30607-30621.
[25]Altamimi Z,Sillard P,Boucher C.ITRF2000:a new releaseof the International Terrestrial Reference Frame for earthscience applications.J.Geophys.Res.,2002,107(B10):2214-2222.
[26]丁国瑜,卢演俦.对我国现代板内运动状态的初步探讨.科学通报,1986,31(18):1412-1413.Ding G Y,Lu Y C.A preliminary research on the currentintraplate motion in China.Chinese Science Bulletin(in Chinese),1986,31(18):1412-1413.
[27]丁国瑜,卢演俦.中国岩石圈动力学概论.北京:地震出版社,1991.Ding G Y,Lu Y C.Introduction of the LithosphericGeodynanics of China(in Chinese).Beijing:SeismologicalPress,1991.
[28]张培震,邓起东,张国民等.中国大陆的强震活动与活动地块.中国科学,2003,33(B04):12-20.Zhang P Z,Deng Q D,Zhang G M,et al.Strong earthquakeactivity and active blocks in China mainland.Science in China(in Chinese),2003,33(Suppl):12-20.
[29]Iwakuni M,Kato T,Takiguchi H,et al.Crustaldeformation in Thailand and tectonics of Indochina peninsulaas seen from GPS observations.Geophys.Res.Lett.,2004,31(L11612):1-4.
[30]Jin S G.A dense GPS observation(1998—2005)in NE Asia:defining Amurian plate and its kinematics.report.
[31]Gordon R G,Stein S,DeMets C,et al.Statistical tests forclosure of plate motion circuits.Geophys.Res.Lett.,1987,14(6):587-590.
[32]盛骤等.概率论与数理统计.北京:高等教育出版社,1989.Sheng Z,et al.Probability and Statistics(in Chinese).Beijing:Higher Education Press,1989.
[33]Wagenmakers E J,Farrell S.AIC model selection usingAkaike weights.Psychonomic Bulletin and Review,2004,11(1):192-196.
[34]Niu Z J,Wang M,Sun H R,et al.Contemporary velocityfield of crustal movement of Chinese mainland from GlobalPositioning System measurements.Chinese Science Bulletin,2005,50(9):939-941.
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