羌塘盆地盒子波技术调查干扰波的应用
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摘要
多期高原隆升运动导致羌塘盆地地表岩性横向变化快,非均质性强,且地下断裂发育。前期获得的地震资料信噪比低,单炮记录中干扰波类型繁多,有效信号常淹没其中。通过野外地震组合方法对干扰波进行压制必须对其传播特征及属性进行全面的分析。首先利用单炮记录结合雷达图技术分析了探区主要干扰波的类型、传播方向、速度、频率和波长等特征,然后通过抽取不同组合基距的共接收点道集,分析了不同组合基距接收对干扰波的压制效果。分析发现:单点接收时(组合基距为0m),对探区干扰波压制效果差;随着组合基距增大,对高频、低速、较短波长的干扰波压制效果逐渐变好;当达到最大组合基距160m时,能较好地压制高频、低速、短波长的干扰波,提高原始资料的品质,而对高速、较长波长的干扰波压制效果较差,必须进一步增大组合基距或利用多道混波处理技术才能对其进行更好的压制。利用盒子波技术调查干扰波有利于对低信噪比地区干扰波进行全面的认识,更有利于在地震资料采集及多道混波处理过程中压制干扰波,提高地震资料的信噪比。
Multiple plateau uplift movement leads to fast lateral lithology variation, strong heterogeneity and development of underground fracture in Qiangtang Basin. The signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data acquired in earlier days is low, and the type of interference wave that often cover the effective wave is various in the single shot record. In order to suppress the interference wave in the process of seismic prospecting by seismic combination method, it is necessary to understand the propagation and attribute character of interference wave completely. Firstly, used the single shot record and radar chart technology to analyze the style, direction of propagation, velocity, frequency and wavelength characteristics of major interference wave in the prospect area, and then analyzed the effect of suppressing interference wave by sorting common-receiver-point gathers with different pattern length. The result shows that: when the detector array is just a single point, it is invalid to suppress the interference wave in the prospect area; as the pattern length increase, the effect of suppressing interference wave with high frequency, low velocity and short wavelength is better; when the pattern length reaches 160 meters (maximum pattern length), it has a good effect to suppress the interference wave with high frequency, low velocity and short wavelength and improve the quality of original data, but the maximum pattern length has a poor effect to suppress the interference wave with high velocity and long wavelength. In order to suppress the interference wave with high velocity and long wavelength well, larger pattern length or multi-channel mixing process is necessary. The box-wave technology is suitable for investigating the interference wave in low signal-to-noise ratio prospect area, and it is beneficial to suppress the interference wave in the process of seismic prospecting and multichannel mixing process, and then improve the signal-to-noise ratio of original data.
Multiple plateau uplift movement leads to fast lateral lithology variation, strong heterogeneity and development of underground fracture in Qiangtang Basin. The signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data acquired in earlier days is low, and the type of interference wave that often cover the effective wave is various in the single shot record. In order to suppress the interference wave in the process of seismic prospecting by seismic combination method, it is necessary to understand the propagation and attribute character of interference wave completely. Firstly, used the single shot record and radar chart technology to analyze the style, direction of propagation, velocity, frequency and wavelength characteristics of major interference wave in the prospect area, and then analyzed the effect of suppressing interference wave by sorting common-receiver-point gathers with different pattern length. The result shows that: when the detector array is just a single point, it is invalid to suppress the interference wave in the prospect area; as the pattern length increase, the effect of suppressing interference wave with high frequency, low velocity and short wavelength is better; when the pattern length reaches 160 meters (maximum pattern length), it has a good effect to suppress the interference wave with high frequency, low velocity and short wavelength and improve the quality of original data, but the maximum pattern length has a poor effect to suppress the interference wave with high velocity and long wavelength. In order to suppress the interference wave with high velocity and long wavelength well, larger pattern length or multi-channel mixing process is necessary. The box-wave technology is suitable for investigating the interference wave in low signal-to-noise ratio prospect area, and it is beneficial to suppress the interference wave in the process of seismic prospecting and multichannel mixing process, and then improve the signal-to-noise ratio of original data.
引文
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[3]李代芳,杨雁清.干扰波调查技术在JS地区的应用[J].石油物探,2003,42(3):402-405.
[4]彭涛,成云,刘建,等.哈密坳陷方形排列干扰波调查方法研究[J].新疆石油地质,2010,31(3):263-265.
[5]王文攀,段天友,高文博,等.盒子波在调查干扰波中的应用[J].石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),2011,33(5):91-93.
[6]雷扬,吴闻静,刘远志,等.羌塘盆地地震资料采集检波器组合方法研究[J].复杂油气藏,2012,5(2):36-40.
[7]倪宁辉,鲍峥,薛曙,等.盒子波技术在下扬子地区油气勘探中的应用研究[J].中国石油勘探,2006,11(5):35-40.
[8]王正军,卢文生,高建华.盒子波技术在干扰波调查中的应用研究[J].江汉石油学院学报,2002,24(2):36-37.
[9]卫东,倪良建,田雨东.盒子波调查技术在塔中沙漠区的应用[J].新疆石油地质,2005,26(6):701-703.
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