震后渗流条件下坡面土体可移动特性研究及实例分析
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摘要
地下水渗流是坡面土体失稳的重要因素。针对不同渗流流量条件下平直型坡体的可移动特性问题,建立平直型坡体地下水渗流模型,进而应用水力学理论、极限平衡方法分析坡体内渗流水位变化规律、水力特征,最后对平直型坡体展开力学分析和渗流条件下坡体的可移动性进行探讨。并以汶川地震极震区都江堰深溪沟流域锅圈岩沟为例,对建立的渗流水位深度表达式随渗流流量变化规律进行了分析,同时对坡体内水力变化特征以及渗流对坡体可移动特性进行了探讨。结果表明平直型坡体发生移动是由于坡体内渗流流量增加、渗流水位升高而导致水力环境变化的结果,水头差产生的渗流力增大了坡体剩余下滑力,为后续水流与坡面土体掺混形成泥石流提供了条件。
Saturated seepage flow is one of the most important factors to cause instability of slope mass in the mountain area.On considering the movable characteristics problem of straight slope mass under different seepage discharge,the paper firstly built the movable seepage model of straight slope,then analyzed the hydraulic effect of slope body and taken mechanical analysis to get the mechanical formulas,last dissected the movable variation of straight slope under different seepage discharge by applying hydraulics theory and limit equilibrium method.Further,to check the formulas,the paper take meizoseismal area that is Guojuanyan gully which locates at Dujiangyan as an example,analyzed the heights of seepage flow change with seepage discharge,the hydraulic characteristics of the inner slope and the movable variation of straight slope under seepage discharge.Results indicate that the failure and movement of straight slope is due to increasing of the seepage discharge which deteriorates the hydro-environment abruptly,moreover,seepage force come from water head difference promotes the possibility of straight slope to fail which provided a favorable condition for the mixture of seepage water and sediment to transfer to debris flow.
Saturated seepage flow is one of the most important factors to cause instability of slope mass in the mountain area.On considering the movable characteristics problem of straight slope mass under different seepage discharge,the paper firstly built the movable seepage model of straight slope,then analyzed the hydraulic effect of slope body and taken mechanical analysis to get the mechanical formulas,last dissected the movable variation of straight slope under different seepage discharge by applying hydraulics theory and limit equilibrium method.Further,to check the formulas,the paper take meizoseismal area that is Guojuanyan gully which locates at Dujiangyan as an example,analyzed the heights of seepage flow change with seepage discharge,the hydraulic characteristics of the inner slope and the movable variation of straight slope under seepage discharge.Results indicate that the failure and movement of straight slope is due to increasing of the seepage discharge which deteriorates the hydro-environment abruptly,moreover,seepage force come from water head difference promotes the possibility of straight slope to fail which provided a favorable condition for the mixture of seepage water and sediment to transfer to debris flow.
引文
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[13]郭志华,韩前龙,林学锋.南方地区极端冰雪条件下的边坡渗流分析[J].人民长江,2010,41(21):6-9.
[14]郑长安,巢万里.极端冰雪条件下边坡稳定性分析[J].公路工程,2012,37(3):42-44.
[2]崔鹏,韦方强,何思明,等.5.12汶川地震诱发的山地灾害及减灾措施[J].山地学报,2008,26(3):280-282.
[3]游勇,陈兴长,柳金峰.四川绵竹清平乡文家沟“8·13”特大泥石流灾害[J].灾害学,2011,26(4):68-72.
[4]唐川.汶川地震区暴雨滑坡泥石流活动趋势预测[J].山地学报,2010,28(3):341-349.
[5]李东庆,魏春玲,吴紫汪.边坡渗流对冻土地区路基稳定性的影响分析[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版,2000,36(3):175-179.
[6]刘海宁,王俊梅,王思敬,等.黄河下游堤防非饱和土边坡渗流分析[J].岩土力学,2006,27(10):1835-1840.
[7]Chen H.Controlling factors of hazardous debris flow in Taiwan[J].Quaternary International,2006,147(1):3-15.
[8]Chen H,Dadson S,Chi Y G.Recent rainfall-induced landslides and debris flow in northern Taiwan[J].Geomorphology,2006,77(1):112-125.
[9]郑颖人,唐晓松.库水作用下的边(滑)坡稳定性分析[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(8):1115-1121.
[10]唐晓松,郑颖人.水位下降过程中超孔隙水压力对边坡稳定性的影响[J].水利水运工程学报.2007,1:1-6.
[11]毛昶熙,段祥宝.关于渗流的力及其应用[J].岩土力学,2009,30(6):1569-1574.
[12]毛昶熙,段祥宝,吴良骥.再论渗流的力及其应用[J].长江科学院院报,2009,26:1-5.
[13]郭志华,韩前龙,林学锋.南方地区极端冰雪条件下的边坡渗流分析[J].人民长江,2010,41(21):6-9.
[14]郑长安,巢万里.极端冰雪条件下边坡稳定性分析[J].公路工程,2012,37(3):42-44.
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