数模检波器信号响应的时频分析
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摘要
理论上,数字检波器与模拟检波器对相同地震信号的频幅响应和相位响应各有不同,但在实际记录中响应差别却存在与理论的不一致性。而利用频谱分析等常规分析方法,记录响应的差别较难分析出来。为了进一步分析实际记录响应,从局部精细对比差异,针对两者输出信号类型的不同,将记录转换到加速度域中,利用自适应核时频分析方法对其进行时间频率域分析,以及主频段重构记录,提高差异分析精度。分析结果验证两种检波器记录响应应当转换至同一个域中对比,数字检波器响应频带宽,动态范围大,相位随频率的响应变化小,对于小于15Hz的低频信号与高频弱信号的响应能力强。
Theoretically,MEMS accelerometers and analog geophones have different responses to the same seismic signal,including frequency-amplitude response and frequency-phase response,but in the actual recording,the different responses are not consistent in theory.Using conventional analytical method such as spectrum analysis,the recording of the different responses are difficult to be analyzed.For the purpose of making a further analysis on the actual recording responses,their local differences are compared carefully and based on the differences of the two,the recording is converted to the accelerating domain and then the adaptive optimal-kernel time-frequency analysis method is adopted to analyze the time-frequency domain.Furthermore,the reconstructed recording of the main frequency band is improved in the accuracy of differences analysis.The results verify that the two types of detector record responses should be converted to the same domain to be compared,the responses of MEMS accelerometers have a wide frequency band,the dynamic range is big and the change of the phase frequency response is small,which has strong response to that which is less than 15Hz in the low frequency signal and the high-frequency,but weak signal responses.
Theoretically,MEMS accelerometers and analog geophones have different responses to the same seismic signal,including frequency-amplitude response and frequency-phase response,but in the actual recording,the different responses are not consistent in theory.Using conventional analytical method such as spectrum analysis,the recording of the different responses are difficult to be analyzed.For the purpose of making a further analysis on the actual recording responses,their local differences are compared carefully and based on the differences of the two,the recording is converted to the accelerating domain and then the adaptive optimal-kernel time-frequency analysis method is adopted to analyze the time-frequency domain.Furthermore,the reconstructed recording of the main frequency band is improved in the accuracy of differences analysis.The results verify that the two types of detector record responses should be converted to the same domain to be compared,the responses of MEMS accelerometers have a wide frequency band,the dynamic range is big and the change of the phase frequency response is small,which has strong response to that which is less than 15Hz in the low frequency signal and the high-frequency,but weak signal responses.
引文
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[2]梁运基,李桂林.陆上高分辨率地震勘探检波器性能及参数选择分析[J].石油物探,2005,44(6):640~644.
[3]曹务祥.模拟和数字检波器的资料响应特征对比分析[J].勘探物理地球进展,2007,30(2):96~99.
[4]吴树奎,赵明非,沈万杰,等.数字检波器三分量地震勘探技术的应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(6):602~604.
[5]Denis Mougenot.How digital sensors compare to geophones[C].Expanded Abstracts CPS/SEG,International Geophysical Conference,2004,1:34-38.
[6]M S Hons,R R Stewert,D C Lawton.et al.Field data comparisons of MEMS accelerometers and analog Geophones[J].The Leading Edge,2008,27(7):896~903.
[7]SERCEL公司.428XL用户手册[R].
[8]Ma Chengying,Liu Huaishan,Wan Xiujuan.TimeFrequency Analysis Methods of Seismic Signal.IEEE Computer Society,Proceedings of IFCSTA[C],2010,2:70~73.
[9]王晓凯,高静怀,何洋洋.基于时频自适应最优核的时频分析方法[J].系统工程与电子技术,2010,32(1):22~26.
[10]Richard N Czerwinski,Douglas L Jones.Adaptive cone-kernel time-frequency analysis.IEEE transactions on signal processing[J],1995,43(7):1715~1719.
[11]马成英.时频属性提取方法及应用[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2012.
[12]法国Sercel公司.数字传感器单元DSU3-428(005-428XL-DSU3428)[R].2008.
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