高含水油田断层精细解释的地质任务与方法
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摘要
油田开发及生产需求分析表明,在高含水油田开展地震资料断层解释包括以下主要地质任务:落实井孔内断点纵向位置,改善地质分层质量;孤立断点代表的小断层解释;合理组合井资料对比、解释的断点;井间小断层识别与解释;重新认识大断层;断层体系建模,辅助井位与井轨迹设计;认证开发调整井位,辅助开发调整方案设计;分析油水井注采关系,预测剩余油富集区。利用常规断层解释方法解释小断层时,由于岩性、构造等因素的变化也可造成地震反射同相轴的连续性、光滑程度和振幅强弱的变化(疑似断层现象),致使小断层解释存在多解性,为此,文中提出了"井中断点引导、地质分层数据控制"的井控断层解释方法。在大庆油田的应用效果表明:井控断层解释方法能够对约3m断距的断层进行有效解释;在薄互层储层中的断距约为3m的井间小断层,能够对油水井注采关系起到重要的分割作用,因此在高含水老油田开展小断层解释十分必要。
According to the development and production requirements of a high water cut oilfield,the following main geology objects are put forward for fine fault interpretation:① Define the exact vertical location of breaking point on well and geological formations;② Interpret minor faults represented by single breaking points;③ Correlate these interpreted breaking points with well data;④ Identify and interpret inter-well minor faults;⑤ Redefine large faults;⑥ Build fault system model to assist well location and path designs;⑦ Reconsider proposed well locations to help development program design;⑧ Analyze relationship between water injection and oil production,and predict favorable remaining oil area.The changes of lithology,structure and other geologic factors cause discontinuous events and weak amplitude.So minor fault interpretation may lead ambiguity.For this purpose,this paper presents a well-controlled fault interpretation using breaking point as guide and geologic horizon data as control.Applications in Daqing Oilfield indicate that this method can identify minor fault with displacement of 3m.Such minor faults in the thin bed reservoir play an important partition role in injection/production wells.Therefore,this approach is essential for minor fault interpretation in high water cut oilfields.
According to the development and production requirements of a high water cut oilfield,the following main geology objects are put forward for fine fault interpretation:① Define the exact vertical location of breaking point on well and geological formations;② Interpret minor faults represented by single breaking points;③ Correlate these interpreted breaking points with well data;④ Identify and interpret inter-well minor faults;⑤ Redefine large faults;⑥ Build fault system model to assist well location and path designs;⑦ Reconsider proposed well locations to help development program design;⑧ Analyze relationship between water injection and oil production,and predict favorable remaining oil area.The changes of lithology,structure and other geologic factors cause discontinuous events and weak amplitude.So minor fault interpretation may lead ambiguity.For this purpose,this paper presents a well-controlled fault interpretation using breaking point as guide and geologic horizon data as control.Applications in Daqing Oilfield indicate that this method can identify minor fault with displacement of 3m.Such minor faults in the thin bed reservoir play an important partition role in injection/production wells.Therefore,this approach is essential for minor fault interpretation in high water cut oilfields.
引文
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[7]程超,杨洪伟,周大勇等.蚂蚁追踪技术在任丘潜山油藏的应用.西南石油大学学报,2010,32(2):48～52Cheng Chao,Yang Hongwei,Zhou Dayong et al.Theapplication of ant tracking technology in Renqiu buriedhill oil reservoir.Journal of Southwest Petroleum Uni-versity,2010,32(2):48～52
[8]刘文岭.高含水油田油藏地球物理技术——中国石油物探的新领域.石油学报,2010,31(6):959～965Liu Wenling.Reservoir geophysics techniques in devel-opment of mature oilfields with high water cut:A newresearch area of geophysical prospecting for petroleumin China.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(6):959～965
[9]张昕,甘立灯,刘文岭等.密井网条件下井震联合低级序断层识别方法.石油地球物理勘探,2012,47(3):462～468Zhang Xin,Gan Lideng,Liu Wenling et al.Joint well-seismic interpretation of low-grade faults in dense wellpattern block.OGP,2012,47(3):462～468
[2]雷明,王建功,刘彩艳等.地震切片技术在安达工区的应用.石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(3):418～422Lei Ming,Wang Jiangong,Liu Caiyan et al.Applicationof slicing technology in Anda area.OGP,2010,45(3):418～422
[3]王玉学,韩大匡,刘文岭等.相干体技术在火山岩预测中的应用.石油物探,2006,45(2):192～196Wang Yuxue,Han Dakuang,Liu Wenling et al.Appli-cation of coherence technology in the volcanic reservoirprediction.GPP,2006,45(2):192～196
[4]田华峰,杨文强,刘明伟等.应用相干层切片预测小断层.能源技术与管理,2010,(5):83～84Tian Huafeng,Yang Wenqiang,Liu Mingwei et al.TheApplication of coherence slice to predict small faults.Energy Technology and Management,2010,(5):83～84
[5]张欣.蚂蚁追踪在断层自动解释中的应用——以平湖油田放鹤亭构造为例.石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(2):278～281Zhang Xin.Application of ant tracing algorithm in faultautomatic interpretation:a case study on Fanghetingstructure in Pinghu Oilfield.OGP,2010,45(2):278～281
[6]史军.蚂蚁追踪技术在低级序断层解释中的应用.石油天然气学报,2009,31(2):257～258Shi Jun.Application of ant tracking technology in smallfault interpretation.Journal of Oil and Gas Technolo-gy,2009,31(2):257～258
[7]程超,杨洪伟,周大勇等.蚂蚁追踪技术在任丘潜山油藏的应用.西南石油大学学报,2010,32(2):48～52Cheng Chao,Yang Hongwei,Zhou Dayong et al.Theapplication of ant tracking technology in Renqiu buriedhill oil reservoir.Journal of Southwest Petroleum Uni-versity,2010,32(2):48～52
[8]刘文岭.高含水油田油藏地球物理技术——中国石油物探的新领域.石油学报,2010,31(6):959～965Liu Wenling.Reservoir geophysics techniques in devel-opment of mature oilfields with high water cut:A newresearch area of geophysical prospecting for petroleumin China.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(6):959～965
[9]张昕,甘立灯,刘文岭等.密井网条件下井震联合低级序断层识别方法.石油地球物理勘探,2012,47(3):462～468Zhang Xin,Gan Lideng,Liu Wenling et al.Joint well-seismic interpretation of low-grade faults in dense wellpattern block.OGP,2012,47(3):462～468
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