天水市北山黄土崩塌灾害特征、成因及防治
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摘要
通过野外调查和分析实验数据,用数理统计法对天水市北山黄土崩塌特征进行了统计分析。通过对研究区黄土崩塌地质灾害的成因的分析,揭示了该区黄土崩塌地质灾害发育的物质基础、力学性质、自然因素和人为因素。结果表明,天水市北山黄土崩塌灾害以中、小型为主,崩落范围为5～15m;黄土崩塌的坡高集中在15～40m,坡度集中在58°～90°;潜在黄土崩塌的坡高集中在10～38m,坡度集中在48°～90°。结果认为天水市北山黄土崩塌的促发因素为降水、泉水、地震和人类活动,提出了黄土崩塌灾害的防治原则及其适宜性措施。研究结果可为进一步治理该区黄土崩塌灾害提供理参考。
By field geo-hazard survey,statistical analysis on the characteristics of loess collapses in the Beishan Mountain of Tianshui City is performed using historical and current experimental data.The analysis and discussion on the formation mechanisms of loess collapses in the study area have revealed the material basis,mechanical properties,natural and artificial conditions of loess collapses.Results show that the geo-hazard is dominated by small or middle type of loess collapses,The results indicate that the geo-hazard of loess landslide is concentrated on small or middle type,the height of slope is from 15 m to 40 m and the gradient slope varies from 58° to 90°.However,the height of slope assigned to potential loess landslide focuses on the range from 10 m to 38 m,correspondingly,the gradient slope is from 48° to 90°.The loess collapses in the Beishan Mountain were caused by precipitation,springs,earthquakes and human activities.Accordingly,some measures can be suggested for controlling the loess collapses.Results from the study may provide guidance for controlling loess collapses in this region in future.
By field geo-hazard survey,statistical analysis on the characteristics of loess collapses in the Beishan Mountain of Tianshui City is performed using historical and current experimental data.The analysis and discussion on the formation mechanisms of loess collapses in the study area have revealed the material basis,mechanical properties,natural and artificial conditions of loess collapses.Results show that the geo-hazard is dominated by small or middle type of loess collapses,The results indicate that the geo-hazard of loess landslide is concentrated on small or middle type,the height of slope is from 15 m to 40 m and the gradient slope varies from 58° to 90°.However,the height of slope assigned to potential loess landslide focuses on the range from 10 m to 38 m,correspondingly,the gradient slope is from 48° to 90°.The loess collapses in the Beishan Mountain were caused by precipitation,springs,earthquakes and human activities.Accordingly,some measures can be suggested for controlling the loess collapses.Results from the study may provide guidance for controlling loess collapses in this region in future.
引文
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[2]旷镇国.重庆市中区危岩崩塌特征、形成机制及防治研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,1995,6(3):51-56.
[3]王亚军,王亚民,朱宏斌.河北省平山县大柳树村崩塌地质灾害治理设计[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2009,20(4):8-12.
[4]黄润秋,李为乐.“5.12”汶川大地震触发地质灾害的发育分布规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(12):2585-2592.
[5]南金生,刘松玉,谢瑞征.南京地区滑坡与崩塌特征分析及地震可能引起的崩塌危险区预测[J].地震学刊,1998(2):52-56.
[6]冯学才.永登5.8级地震的震害与环境工程地质[J].甘肃科学学报,1996,8(2):60-63.
[7]冯学才,陈瑾,白晓华,等.天水市居民繁居区活动滑坡特征及防灾减灾对策[J].甘肃科学学报,1992,4(3):60-68.
[8]程尊兰,崔鹏,李泳,等.滑坡、泥石流堰塞湖灾害主要的成灾特点与减灾对策[J].山地学报,2008,26(6):733-738.
[9]王德耀,杜忠潮,张满社.陕西省泾阳南塬崩塌、滑坡地质灾害及成因分析[J].水土保持通报,2004,24(4):34-37.
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