浅谈沉积物重力流分类与深水沉积模式
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摘要
从浊流理论创立到现在的60余年时间里,深水沉积学研究已经取得了长足进展。但由于水下过程的复杂性,对沉积物重力流及沉积模式的认识存在颇多分歧。本文在对深水沉积研究历史与进展进行回顾与总结的基础上,对重力流各种分类方案及相应沉积模式进行了对比分析,认为:①人们对深水沉积的认识经历了一个螺旋式上升旋回;Bouma序列成因存在多种解释;砂质碎屑流概念是对Bouma序列、扇模式的发展。②沉积物重力流分类必须遵循流变学和沉积物搬运机制的重力流分类方法。③Shanmugam新近建立的碎屑流主导斜坡模式解决了斜坡区的砂体成因分布问题(原来认为此处"过路不停"无砂质沉积)。④地震沉积学的发展与应用必将促进人们对深水沉积的认识,从而建立更合理的深水沉积模式。
Within sixty years, from the time of turbidity currents theory was founded to the present, deep-water sedimentary study has made great progress. But because of the complexity of the underwater process, there were quite a lot differences existed in the understanding of sediment gravity flow and sedimentary model. Based on the reviewing and summarizing deep-water sediment research history and progress, this paper makes contrast analysis for all kinds of classification methods of gravity flow and the corresponding depositional models, believe that: (1) The awareness of the deep-water sedimentary experienced a spiral cycle; There are many interpretations of Bouma sequence genesis;The concept of sandy debris flow is the development for Bouma sequence and fan model. (2) Sediments gravity flow classification must follow the gravity flow classification method of rheology and the mechanism of sediment transport. (3) Shanmugam newly established slope model of debris flow leading, solving the genesis and distribution problem of sand body in slope area (originally believed "passing away" and no sand deposit). (4) Seismic sedimentology development and application will certainly promote the understanding of deep-water sedimentary, so people can establish the more reasonable deep-water sedimentary model.
Within sixty years, from the time of turbidity currents theory was founded to the present, deep-water sedimentary study has made great progress. But because of the complexity of the underwater process, there were quite a lot differences existed in the understanding of sediment gravity flow and sedimentary model. Based on the reviewing and summarizing deep-water sediment research history and progress, this paper makes contrast analysis for all kinds of classification methods of gravity flow and the corresponding depositional models, believe that: (1) The awareness of the deep-water sedimentary experienced a spiral cycle; There are many interpretations of Bouma sequence genesis;The concept of sandy debris flow is the development for Bouma sequence and fan model. (2) Sediments gravity flow classification must follow the gravity flow classification method of rheology and the mechanism of sediment transport. (3) Shanmugam newly established slope model of debris flow leading, solving the genesis and distribution problem of sand body in slope area (originally believed "passing away" and no sand deposit). (4) Seismic sedimentology development and application will certainly promote the understanding of deep-water sedimentary, so people can establish the more reasonable deep-water sedimentary model.
引文
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董艳蕾,朱筱敏,曾洪流,边树涛,刘长利,孙海涛.2008.黄骅坳陷歧南凹陷古近系沙一层序地震沉积学研究.沉积学报,26(2):235～240.
陈全红,李文厚,郭艳琴,梁积伟,崔军平,张道锋.2006.鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组浊积岩体系及油气勘探意义.地质学报,80(5):656～663.
傅强,吕苗苗,刘永斗.2008.鄂尔多斯盆地晚三叠世湖盆浊积岩发育特征及地质意义.沉积学报,26(2):186～192.
李祥辉,王成善,金玮,冉波.2009.深海沉积理论发展及其在油气勘探中的意义.沉积学报,27(1):77～86.
李存磊,任伟伟,唐明明.2012.流体性质转换机制在重力流沉积体系分析中应用初探.地质论评,58(2):285～296
李相博,刘化清,完颜容,魏立花,廖建波,马玉虎.2009.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组砂质碎屑流储集体的首次发现.岩性油气藏,21(4):19～21.
李相博,陈启林,刘化清,完颜容,慕敬魁,廖建波,魏立花.2010a.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组3种沉积物重力流及其含油气性.岩性油气藏,22(3):16～21.
李相博,刘化清,陈启林,完颜容,魏立花,冯明,廖建波,马玉虎.2010b.大型坳陷湖盆沉积坡折带特征及其对砂体与油气的控制作用———以鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组为例.沉积学报,28(4):717～729.
李相博,付金华,陈启林,刘显阳,刘化清,郭彦如,完颜容,廖建波,魏立花,黄军平.2011.砂质碎屑流概念及其在鄂尔多斯盆地深水沉积研究中的应用.地球科学进展,26(3):286～294.
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李文厚,周立发,符俊辉,赵文智,薛良清,靳久强.1997.库车坳陷上三叠统的浊流沉积及石油地质意义.沉积学报,15(1):20～24.
李磊,王英民,徐强,赵靖舟,李冬.2012.南海北部陆坡地震地貌及深水重力流沉积过程主控因素.中国科学:地球科学,42(10):1533～1543.
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李云,郑荣才,朱国金,胡晓庆.2011.沉积物重力流研究进展综述.地球科学进展,26(2):157～165.
李林,曲永强,孟庆任,武国利.2011.重力流沉积:理论研究与野外识别.沉积学报,29(4):677～688.
刘化清,卫平生,李相博,洪忠,牛海青,张兆辉.2012.对地震沉积学理论创新的认识.岩性油气藏,24(1):7～12.
雷怀玉,邹伟宏,王连军,郑宪,王权,刘珍花.1999.岔西地区浊积岩的发现及其油气勘探意义.沉积学报,17(1):89～94.
马宏霞,吕福亮,范国章,孙辉,高翠欣.2011.缅甸若开海域块体搬运沉积地震响应及典型地质特征.石油与天然气地质,32(5):751～759.
孟庆任,渠洪杰,胡建民.2007.西秦岭和松潘地体三叠系深水沉积.中国科学(D辑),37(增刊Ⅰ):209～223.
庞雄,陈长民,朱明,何敏,柳保军,申俊,连世勇.2007.深水沉积研究前缘问题.地质论评,53(1):36～43.
宋小勇.2010.重力流沉积研究综述.特种油气藏,17(6):6～11.
孙枢,陈海鸿.1987.浊流沉积与等深流沉积.见:张炳熹主编.当代地质科学动向.北京:地质出版社,73～77.
王德坪.1991.湖相内成碎屑流的沉积及形成机理.地质学报,65(4):299～317.
王英民,王海荣,邱燕,彭学超,张文明,李文成.2007.深水沉积的动力学机制和响应.沉积学报,25(4):495～504.
王大伟,吴时国,吕福亮,王彬.2011.南海深水块体搬运沉积体系及其油气勘探意义.中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),35(5):14～19.
夏青松,田景春.2007.鄂尔多斯盆地西南部上三叠统长6油层组湖底扇特征.古地理学报,9(1):33～43.
曾洪流.2011.地震沉积学在中国:回顾与展望.沉积学报,29(3):417～426.
张义娜,朱筱敏,刘长利.2009.地震沉积学及其在中亚南部地区的应用.石油勘探与开发,36(1):74～79.
张兴阳,罗顺社,何幼斌.2001.沉积物重力流深水牵引流沉积组合鲍玛序列多解性探讨.江汉石油学院学报,23(1):1～5.
郑荣才,文华国,韩永林,王海红,郑超,蔡家兰.2006.鄂尔多斯盆地白豹地区长6油层组湖底滑塌浊积扇沉积特征及其研究意义.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),33(6):566～575.
邹才能,赵政璋,杨华,付金华,朱如凯,袁选俊,王岚.2009.陆相湖盆深水砂质碎屑流成因机制与分布特征——以鄂尔多斯盆地为例.沉积学报,27(6):1065～1075.
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陈全红,李文厚,郭艳琴,梁积伟,崔军平,张道锋.2006.鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组浊积岩体系及油气勘探意义.地质学报,80(5):656～663.
傅强,吕苗苗,刘永斗.2008.鄂尔多斯盆地晚三叠世湖盆浊积岩发育特征及地质意义.沉积学报,26(2):186～192.
李祥辉,王成善,金玮,冉波.2009.深海沉积理论发展及其在油气勘探中的意义.沉积学报,27(1):77～86.
李存磊,任伟伟,唐明明.2012.流体性质转换机制在重力流沉积体系分析中应用初探.地质论评,58(2):285～296
李相博,刘化清,完颜容,魏立花,廖建波,马玉虎.2009.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组砂质碎屑流储集体的首次发现.岩性油气藏,21(4):19～21.
李相博,陈启林,刘化清,完颜容,慕敬魁,廖建波,魏立花.2010a.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组3种沉积物重力流及其含油气性.岩性油气藏,22(3):16～21.
李相博,刘化清,陈启林,完颜容,魏立花,冯明,廖建波,马玉虎.2010b.大型坳陷湖盆沉积坡折带特征及其对砂体与油气的控制作用———以鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组为例.沉积学报,28(4):717～729.
李相博,付金华,陈启林,刘显阳,刘化清,郭彦如,完颜容,廖建波,魏立花,黄军平.2011.砂质碎屑流概念及其在鄂尔多斯盆地深水沉积研究中的应用.地球科学进展,26(3):286～294.
李继亮,陈昌明,高文学,陈瑞君,黄家宽,田兴有,刘杰汉.1978.我国几个地区浊积岩系的特征.地质科学,(1):26～44.
李文厚,周立发,符俊辉,赵文智,薛良清,靳久强.1997.库车坳陷上三叠统的浊流沉积及石油地质意义.沉积学报,15(1):20～24.
李磊,王英民,徐强,赵靖舟,李冬.2012.南海北部陆坡地震地貌及深水重力流沉积过程主控因素.中国科学:地球科学,42(10):1533～1543.
李祯,温显端,周慧堂,徐勇为.1995.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘中生代延长组浊流沉积的发现与意义.现代地质,9(1):99～107.
李云,郑荣才,朱国金,胡晓庆.2011.沉积物重力流研究进展综述.地球科学进展,26(2):157～165.
李林,曲永强,孟庆任,武国利.2011.重力流沉积:理论研究与野外识别.沉积学报,29(4):677～688.
刘化清,卫平生,李相博,洪忠,牛海青,张兆辉.2012.对地震沉积学理论创新的认识.岩性油气藏,24(1):7～12.
雷怀玉,邹伟宏,王连军,郑宪,王权,刘珍花.1999.岔西地区浊积岩的发现及其油气勘探意义.沉积学报,17(1):89～94.
马宏霞,吕福亮,范国章,孙辉,高翠欣.2011.缅甸若开海域块体搬运沉积地震响应及典型地质特征.石油与天然气地质,32(5):751～759.
孟庆任,渠洪杰,胡建民.2007.西秦岭和松潘地体三叠系深水沉积.中国科学(D辑),37(增刊Ⅰ):209～223.
庞雄,陈长民,朱明,何敏,柳保军,申俊,连世勇.2007.深水沉积研究前缘问题.地质论评,53(1):36～43.
宋小勇.2010.重力流沉积研究综述.特种油气藏,17(6):6～11.
孙枢,陈海鸿.1987.浊流沉积与等深流沉积.见:张炳熹主编.当代地质科学动向.北京:地质出版社,73～77.
王德坪.1991.湖相内成碎屑流的沉积及形成机理.地质学报,65(4):299～317.
王英民,王海荣,邱燕,彭学超,张文明,李文成.2007.深水沉积的动力学机制和响应.沉积学报,25(4):495～504.
王大伟,吴时国,吕福亮,王彬.2011.南海深水块体搬运沉积体系及其油气勘探意义.中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),35(5):14～19.
夏青松,田景春.2007.鄂尔多斯盆地西南部上三叠统长6油层组湖底扇特征.古地理学报,9(1):33～43.
曾洪流.2011.地震沉积学在中国:回顾与展望.沉积学报,29(3):417～426.
张义娜,朱筱敏,刘长利.2009.地震沉积学及其在中亚南部地区的应用.石油勘探与开发,36(1):74～79.
张兴阳,罗顺社,何幼斌.2001.沉积物重力流深水牵引流沉积组合鲍玛序列多解性探讨.江汉石油学院学报,23(1):1～5.
郑荣才,文华国,韩永林,王海红,郑超,蔡家兰.2006.鄂尔多斯盆地白豹地区长6油层组湖底滑塌浊积扇沉积特征及其研究意义.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),33(6):566～575.
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