基于CUDA的转换波Kirchhoff叠前时间偏移算法研究及实现
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摘要
转换波叠前时间偏移计算量巨大、耗费时间长,影响了多波多分量地震数据的处理效率,也限制了转换波技术在生产上的应用规模。目前转换波叠前时间偏移主要采取CPU集群计算方式,但CPU集群存在功耗大、占用空间大和维护成本高等缺点,为缩短偏移计算耗时和降低计算成本,本文提出一种基于CUDA技术的转换波Kirchhoff叠前时间偏移并行算法。应用理论数据和实际转换波数据在CPU和GPU测试平台对算法进行了对比验证和性能分析,确认GPU并行算法计算速度可提高上百倍,是一种高效、低成本的方法。
Because of large simulation calculation and time consumption,the process of converted-wave(C-wave)Kirchhoff prestack time migration is an low-efficient data processing method and its application is restricted.CPU-cluster computing is applied widely at present;however CPU-clusters have some problem such as high power consumption,large space occupation,and high maintenance costs.For improving the efficiency and reducing the computing cost,we propose in this article a parallel algorithm of C-wave Kirchhoff prestack time migration based on CUDA.Theoretical and real C-wave data tests on the GPU and CPU platforms show that this algorithm is a high performance and low cost C-wave Kirchhoff prestack time migration method as it can improve the calculation efficiency by 100times.
Because of large simulation calculation and time consumption,the process of converted-wave(C-wave)Kirchhoff prestack time migration is an low-efficient data processing method and its application is restricted.CPU-cluster computing is applied widely at present;however CPU-clusters have some problem such as high power consumption,large space occupation,and high maintenance costs.For improving the efficiency and reducing the computing cost,we propose in this article a parallel algorithm of C-wave Kirchhoff prestack time migration based on CUDA.Theoretical and real C-wave data tests on the GPU and CPU platforms show that this algorithm is a high performance and low cost C-wave Kirchhoff prestack time migration method as it can improve the calculation efficiency by 100times.
引文
[1]马昭军,唐建明.叠前时间偏移在三维转换波资料处理中的应用.石油物探,2007,46(2):174～180 Ma Zhaojun,Tang Jianming.The application of pres-tack time migration in3Dconverted-wave data pro-cessing.GPP,2007,46(2):174～180
[2]刘国峰,刘钦,李博等.油气勘探地震资料处理GPU/CPU协同并行计算.地球物理学进展,2009,24(5):1671～1678 Liu Guofeng,Liu Qin,Li Bo et al.GPU/CPU co-pro-cessing parallel computation for seismic data process-ing in oil and gas exploration.Progress in Geophys-ics,2009,24(5):1671～1678
[3]刘国峰,刘洪,王秀闽等.Kirchhof积分叠前时间偏移的两种旅行时计算及并行算法.地球物理学进展,2009,24(1):131～136 Liu Guofeng,Liu Hong,Wang Xiumin et al.Two kinds of traveling time computation and parallel com-puting methods of Kirchhoff migration.Progress in Geophysics,2009,24(1):131～136
[4]李肯立,彭俊杰,周仕勇.基于CUDA的Kirchhoff叠前时间偏移算法设计与实现.计算机应用研究,2009,26(12):4474～4477 Li Kenli,Peng Junjie,Zhou Shiyong.Implement Kirchhoff prestack time migration algorithm on CU-DA architecture.Application Research of Comput-er,2009,26(12):4474～4477
[5]张兵,赵改善,黄俊等.地震叠前深度偏移在CUDA平台上的实现.勘探地球物理进展,2008,31(6):427～432 Zhang Bing,Zhao Gaishan,Huang Jun et al.Imple-ment prestack depth migration on CUDA platform.Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2008,31(6):427～432
[6]张慧宇,刘璐佳,张兵等.GPU提速叠前时间体偏移技术.物探化探计算技术,2011,33(5):1001～1006 Zhang Huiyu,Liu Lujia,Zhang Bing et al.GPUspeeding up the seismic prestack time migration.Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geo-chemical Exploration,2011,33(5):1001～1006
[7]刘奇琳,黄跃,唐建明等.波动方程叠前深度偏移的GPU技术.物探化探计算技术,2010,32(4):386～391 Liu Qilin,Huang Yue,Tang Jianming et al.The PS-DM of wave equation migration based on GPU.Com-puting Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2010,32(4):386～391
[8]Nvidia Co.CUDA Compute Unified Device Archi-tecture Programming Guide(Version4.2).http:∥docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-c-programming-guide/index.html,2012-6-9
[9]张丽艳,刘洋,陈晓宏.相对振幅保持的转换波叠前时间偏移方法研究.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(2):153～157 Zhang Liyan,Liu Yang,Chen Xiaohong.The rela-tively amplitude preservation method research of con-verted-wave Kirchhoff prestack time migration algo-rithm.OGP,2008,43(2):153～157
[10]曹孟起,刘占族.叠前时间偏移处理技术及应用.石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(3):286～289 Cao Mengqi,Liu Zhanzu.The technology and appli-cation of prestack time migration.OGP,2006,41(3):286～289
[11]Dai H,Li X Y and Conway P.3Dpre-stack Kichhoff time migration of PS-waves and migration velocity model building.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2004,23:1115～1118
[12]Li X Y and Yuan J X.Converted-wave moveout and conversion-point equations in layered VTI media re-visited:Theory and applications.Journal of App-lied Geophysics,2003,54(3,4):297～318
[13]Li X Y.Converted-wave moveout analysis revisited:The search for a standard approach.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2003,22:805～808
[14]Li X Y and Yuan J X.Converted wave traveltime e-quations in layered anisortropic media:An overview.EAP Annual Research Report,British Geological Survey,Scotland,UK,2001,3～32
[15]张舒,褚艳丽等.GPU高性能计算之CUDA.北京:中国水利电力出版社,2009,155～162
[2]刘国峰,刘钦,李博等.油气勘探地震资料处理GPU/CPU协同并行计算.地球物理学进展,2009,24(5):1671～1678 Liu Guofeng,Liu Qin,Li Bo et al.GPU/CPU co-pro-cessing parallel computation for seismic data process-ing in oil and gas exploration.Progress in Geophys-ics,2009,24(5):1671～1678
[3]刘国峰,刘洪,王秀闽等.Kirchhof积分叠前时间偏移的两种旅行时计算及并行算法.地球物理学进展,2009,24(1):131～136 Liu Guofeng,Liu Hong,Wang Xiumin et al.Two kinds of traveling time computation and parallel com-puting methods of Kirchhoff migration.Progress in Geophysics,2009,24(1):131～136
[4]李肯立,彭俊杰,周仕勇.基于CUDA的Kirchhoff叠前时间偏移算法设计与实现.计算机应用研究,2009,26(12):4474～4477 Li Kenli,Peng Junjie,Zhou Shiyong.Implement Kirchhoff prestack time migration algorithm on CU-DA architecture.Application Research of Comput-er,2009,26(12):4474～4477
[5]张兵,赵改善,黄俊等.地震叠前深度偏移在CUDA平台上的实现.勘探地球物理进展,2008,31(6):427～432 Zhang Bing,Zhao Gaishan,Huang Jun et al.Imple-ment prestack depth migration on CUDA platform.Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2008,31(6):427～432
[6]张慧宇,刘璐佳,张兵等.GPU提速叠前时间体偏移技术.物探化探计算技术,2011,33(5):1001～1006 Zhang Huiyu,Liu Lujia,Zhang Bing et al.GPUspeeding up the seismic prestack time migration.Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geo-chemical Exploration,2011,33(5):1001～1006
[7]刘奇琳,黄跃,唐建明等.波动方程叠前深度偏移的GPU技术.物探化探计算技术,2010,32(4):386～391 Liu Qilin,Huang Yue,Tang Jianming et al.The PS-DM of wave equation migration based on GPU.Com-puting Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2010,32(4):386～391
[8]Nvidia Co.CUDA Compute Unified Device Archi-tecture Programming Guide(Version4.2).http:∥docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-c-programming-guide/index.html,2012-6-9
[9]张丽艳,刘洋,陈晓宏.相对振幅保持的转换波叠前时间偏移方法研究.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(2):153～157 Zhang Liyan,Liu Yang,Chen Xiaohong.The rela-tively amplitude preservation method research of con-verted-wave Kirchhoff prestack time migration algo-rithm.OGP,2008,43(2):153～157
[10]曹孟起,刘占族.叠前时间偏移处理技术及应用.石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(3):286～289 Cao Mengqi,Liu Zhanzu.The technology and appli-cation of prestack time migration.OGP,2006,41(3):286～289
[11]Dai H,Li X Y and Conway P.3Dpre-stack Kichhoff time migration of PS-waves and migration velocity model building.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2004,23:1115～1118
[12]Li X Y and Yuan J X.Converted-wave moveout and conversion-point equations in layered VTI media re-visited:Theory and applications.Journal of App-lied Geophysics,2003,54(3,4):297～318
[13]Li X Y.Converted-wave moveout analysis revisited:The search for a standard approach.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2003,22:805～808
[14]Li X Y and Yuan J X.Converted wave traveltime e-quations in layered anisortropic media:An overview.EAP Annual Research Report,British Geological Survey,Scotland,UK,2001,3～32
[15]张舒,褚艳丽等.GPU高性能计算之CUDA.北京:中国水利电力出版社,2009,155～162
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