台湾强震对福建水口库区的库仑应力触发研究
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摘要
基于简化的水口库区断裂模型,研究了台湾地区1976年以来13次7级以上地震对福建水口水库库区NE和NW向断裂产生的库仑破裂应力。结果表明,台湾7级以上地震对水口库区NE向断裂产生库仑应力累积,而对水口库区NW向断裂的累积库伦应力作用较小,NW向断裂大多处于库伦破裂应力正、负影响区交汇部位,有的还表现为明显的抑制作用。因而,台湾7级以上地震活动对水口库区NE向断裂小震活动有促进作用,但两者之间不是简单的直接触发关系;对水口库区NW向断裂小震活动的库仑应力触发影响可以忽略。
Based on the simplified Shuikou faults model,we study the Coulomb failure stress in NE and NW direction of shuikou reservoir area caused by the 13 earthquakes(MS≥7) in Taiwan region since 1976.The results shows that the coulomb failure stress changes accumulation of Shuikou NE faults caused by the 13 earthquakes(MS≥7) in Taiwan region is positive,and it becomes larger and larger,but the largest accumulation is lower than the triggering threshold of 0.1Mpa;the coulomb failure stress changes accumulation of the Shuikou NW faults caused by the earthquakes(MS≥7) in Taiwan region is low.The NW faults are often in the intersection part of positive and negative influence area,and some have significant inhibitory effect.Therefore,the earthquakes(MS≥7) in Taiwan region have certain promotion effect on the triggering of the earthquake activities of Shuikou NE faults,but there isn’t directly triggering relation between them.Their effect on the small earthquake activities of Shuikou NW faults can be ignored.
Based on the simplified Shuikou faults model,we study the Coulomb failure stress in NE and NW direction of shuikou reservoir area caused by the 13 earthquakes(MS≥7) in Taiwan region since 1976.The results shows that the coulomb failure stress changes accumulation of Shuikou NE faults caused by the 13 earthquakes(MS≥7) in Taiwan region is positive,and it becomes larger and larger,but the largest accumulation is lower than the triggering threshold of 0.1Mpa;the coulomb failure stress changes accumulation of the Shuikou NW faults caused by the earthquakes(MS≥7) in Taiwan region is low.The NW faults are often in the intersection part of positive and negative influence area,and some have significant inhibitory effect.Therefore,the earthquakes(MS≥7) in Taiwan region have certain promotion effect on the triggering of the earthquake activities of Shuikou NE faults,but there isn’t directly triggering relation between them.Their effect on the small earthquake activities of Shuikou NW faults can be ignored.
引文
①蒋海昆,黎明晓,董翔,等.地震导致的累积应力扰动及其特征.国家“十一五”科技支撑项目子专题(2006BAC01B03-02-02)研究报告(第四章).2009.
②http://www.globalcmt.org/CMTsearch.html
①http://quake.usgs.gov/research/deformation/modeling/coulomb/index.html
[1]林松建,黄昭,连玉平,等.水口水库诱发地震特征与发震断裂的探讨[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2007,27(1):40-44.
[2]林松建,连玉平,陈为伟.水口水库地区地震震源机制解特征分析[J].地震,2007,27(1):114-119.
[3]吴绍祖,陈光,关玉梅,等.古田水口库ML4.8地震成因探讨[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2009,29 Supp:32-36.
[4]陈立德、付红.地震预报基础与实践[M].北京:地震出版社.2003.
[5]丁学仁.闽粤外海历史地震活动与台湾海峡现今强震活动图像[J].中国地震,1998,14(3):51~59.
[6]顾瑾萍、吕培苓、彭美凤,等.华南地区地震活动特征与台湾强震影响[J].地震,2004,24(1):55~59.
[7]章纯.台湾地震对华南及华东地区应力场影响的数值模拟研究[J].地震,2007,27(3):26~33.
[8]Harris R A.Introduction to special section:Stress triggers.stress shadows,and implications for seismic hazard[J].J Geophys Res,1998,103:24347-24358.
[9]King G C P,Stein R S,Lin J.Static stress changes and the triggering of earthquakes[J].Bull Seism SocAmer,1994,84(3):935-953.
[10]Lin,J.,Stein R.S..Stress triggering in thrust and subduction earthquakes,and stress interaction between thesouthern San Andreas and nearby thrust and strike-slip faults[J].J.Geophys.Res,2004,109,B02303.
[11]Harris R A,Simpson R W.Suppression of large earthquakes by stress shadows:A comparison of Coulomband rate-and-state[J].J Geophys.Res,1998,103:24439-24451.
[12]Han Z J.Possible reduction of earthquake hazard on the Wellington Fault,New Zealand,after the nearby 1855,M8.2 Wairarapa Earthquake and implication for interpreting paleoearthquake intervals[J].Annals ofGeophysics,2003,46(5):1141-1154.
[13]Rice J R,Cleary M P.Some basic sress diffusion solutions for fluid-saturated elastic porous media withcompressible constituents[J].Rev Geophys,1976,14:227-241.
[14]Roeloffs E A.Fault stability changes induced beneath a reservoir with cyclic vairations in water lever[J].JGeophys Res,1988,93:2107-2124.
[15]Rice J R.Fault stress states,pore pressure distribution and the weakness of the San Andreas fault,In:EvansB.Wong T Feds.Fault Mechanics and Transport Properties of Rock[J].London:Academic Press,1992,475~503.
[16]李志伟,胥颐,郝天珧,等.台湾地区的壳幔P波速度和Vp/Vs波速比结构研究[J].中国科学,2009,39(9):1191-1199.
[17]Wells D.L.,Coppersmith K.J..New empirical relationships among magnitude,rupture width,rupture area,andsurface displacement[J].Bull Seismo Soc Amer,1994,84(4):974-1002.
[18]陈秋英.水口水库地震对南平地区的影响[J].地震地磁观测与研究,2002,23(4):24-28.
[19]徐振栋,陈传昌.水口水库诱发地震研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(2):58-63.
[20]许仪西,杨婕,张永固,等.福建东南沿海重力场演变特征及其与地震的关系[J].华南地震,2009,29(3):78-84.
[21]吴开统,焦远碧,吕培苓.地震序列概论[M],北京.北京大学出版社,1990,138-148.
[22]蒋海昆,郑建常,吴琼,等.中国大陆中强以上地震余震分布尺度的统计特征[J].地震学报,2007,29(2):151-164.
[23]Simpson R W,Reasenberg P A.Earthquake-induced static stress changes on central California faults.In:Simpson R W ed.The Loma Prieta,California Earthquake of October 17,1989-Tectonic Processes and Models[J].U.S.Geol.Surv.Prof.Pap,1994,1550-F:F55-F89.
[24]Stein R S,Barka A A,Dieterich J H.Progressive failure on the North Anatolian fault since 1939 byearthquake stress triggering[J].Geophys.J.Int,1997,128:594-604.
[25]Harris R A,Simpson R W.Changes in static stress on southern California faults after the 1992 Landersearthquake[J].Nature,1992,360:251-254.
[26]Reasenberg P A,Simpson R W.Response of regional seismicity to the static stress change produced by theLoma Prieta earthquake[J].Science,1992,255:1687-1690.
[27]Hardebeck J L,Nazarech J J,Hauksson E.The static stress changes triggering model:Constraints from twosouthern California aftershock sequences[J].J Geophys Res,1998,103:24427-24437.
[28]Stein R S.The role of stress transfer in earthquake occurrence[J].Nature,1999,402:605-609.
[29]万永革,吴忠良,周公威,等.地震应力触发研究[J].地震学报,2002,24(5):533-551.
②http://www.globalcmt.org/CMTsearch.html
①http://quake.usgs.gov/research/deformation/modeling/coulomb/index.html
[1]林松建,黄昭,连玉平,等.水口水库诱发地震特征与发震断裂的探讨[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2007,27(1):40-44.
[2]林松建,连玉平,陈为伟.水口水库地区地震震源机制解特征分析[J].地震,2007,27(1):114-119.
[3]吴绍祖,陈光,关玉梅,等.古田水口库ML4.8地震成因探讨[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2009,29 Supp:32-36.
[4]陈立德、付红.地震预报基础与实践[M].北京:地震出版社.2003.
[5]丁学仁.闽粤外海历史地震活动与台湾海峡现今强震活动图像[J].中国地震,1998,14(3):51~59.
[6]顾瑾萍、吕培苓、彭美凤,等.华南地区地震活动特征与台湾强震影响[J].地震,2004,24(1):55~59.
[7]章纯.台湾地震对华南及华东地区应力场影响的数值模拟研究[J].地震,2007,27(3):26~33.
[8]Harris R A.Introduction to special section:Stress triggers.stress shadows,and implications for seismic hazard[J].J Geophys Res,1998,103:24347-24358.
[9]King G C P,Stein R S,Lin J.Static stress changes and the triggering of earthquakes[J].Bull Seism SocAmer,1994,84(3):935-953.
[10]Lin,J.,Stein R.S..Stress triggering in thrust and subduction earthquakes,and stress interaction between thesouthern San Andreas and nearby thrust and strike-slip faults[J].J.Geophys.Res,2004,109,B02303.
[11]Harris R A,Simpson R W.Suppression of large earthquakes by stress shadows:A comparison of Coulomband rate-and-state[J].J Geophys.Res,1998,103:24439-24451.
[12]Han Z J.Possible reduction of earthquake hazard on the Wellington Fault,New Zealand,after the nearby 1855,M8.2 Wairarapa Earthquake and implication for interpreting paleoearthquake intervals[J].Annals ofGeophysics,2003,46(5):1141-1154.
[13]Rice J R,Cleary M P.Some basic sress diffusion solutions for fluid-saturated elastic porous media withcompressible constituents[J].Rev Geophys,1976,14:227-241.
[14]Roeloffs E A.Fault stability changes induced beneath a reservoir with cyclic vairations in water lever[J].JGeophys Res,1988,93:2107-2124.
[15]Rice J R.Fault stress states,pore pressure distribution and the weakness of the San Andreas fault,In:EvansB.Wong T Feds.Fault Mechanics and Transport Properties of Rock[J].London:Academic Press,1992,475~503.
[16]李志伟,胥颐,郝天珧,等.台湾地区的壳幔P波速度和Vp/Vs波速比结构研究[J].中国科学,2009,39(9):1191-1199.
[17]Wells D.L.,Coppersmith K.J..New empirical relationships among magnitude,rupture width,rupture area,andsurface displacement[J].Bull Seismo Soc Amer,1994,84(4):974-1002.
[18]陈秋英.水口水库地震对南平地区的影响[J].地震地磁观测与研究,2002,23(4):24-28.
[19]徐振栋,陈传昌.水口水库诱发地震研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(2):58-63.
[20]许仪西,杨婕,张永固,等.福建东南沿海重力场演变特征及其与地震的关系[J].华南地震,2009,29(3):78-84.
[21]吴开统,焦远碧,吕培苓.地震序列概论[M],北京.北京大学出版社,1990,138-148.
[22]蒋海昆,郑建常,吴琼,等.中国大陆中强以上地震余震分布尺度的统计特征[J].地震学报,2007,29(2):151-164.
[23]Simpson R W,Reasenberg P A.Earthquake-induced static stress changes on central California faults.In:Simpson R W ed.The Loma Prieta,California Earthquake of October 17,1989-Tectonic Processes and Models[J].U.S.Geol.Surv.Prof.Pap,1994,1550-F:F55-F89.
[24]Stein R S,Barka A A,Dieterich J H.Progressive failure on the North Anatolian fault since 1939 byearthquake stress triggering[J].Geophys.J.Int,1997,128:594-604.
[25]Harris R A,Simpson R W.Changes in static stress on southern California faults after the 1992 Landersearthquake[J].Nature,1992,360:251-254.
[26]Reasenberg P A,Simpson R W.Response of regional seismicity to the static stress change produced by theLoma Prieta earthquake[J].Science,1992,255:1687-1690.
[27]Hardebeck J L,Nazarech J J,Hauksson E.The static stress changes triggering model:Constraints from twosouthern California aftershock sequences[J].J Geophys Res,1998,103:24427-24437.
[28]Stein R S.The role of stress transfer in earthquake occurrence[J].Nature,1999,402:605-609.
[29]万永革,吴忠良,周公威,等.地震应力触发研究[J].地震学报,2002,24(5):533-551.
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