江汉盆地构造模式和演化及其与中强地震关系研究
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摘要
本文通过对江汉盆地地震物探的剖析,结合该地区大地构造环境特点,指出盆地主要有三个发展阶段组成:前陆盆地阶段(中三叠—晚侏罗纪),主要受秦岭大别逆冲推覆,前缘挠曲形成前陆盆地,同期形成NW向和NEE—EW向两组断裂,从而奠定了盆地棋盘格网构造体系;断陷盆地阶段(白垩纪—老第三纪),断裂由原逆冲或逆走滑转变为正断性质,且控制盆地沉积中心,同时盆地发生顺时针旋转,岩浆活动强烈;新第三纪以来盆地阶段,盆地以坳陷为主,整体下降,表现为断裂对盆地沉积控制明显减弱,岩浆活动停止。根据石油物探剖面建立了盆地的构造格架,即盆地内两组断裂及其形成的狭窄低凸起/地垒条带将盆地分为4个NNW向展布和3个NEE向展布凹陷带。盆地地壳结构和小震分布及震源机制解显示地震集中在沉降最大的潜江—沔阳凹陷带附近,震源深度优势分布在15 km左右,即盆地基底附近。
Through the analysis of petrol seismic exploration profiles and the tectonic background of Jianghan Basin in Hubei province,a evolution model of the basin with 3 phases is proposed.The foreland basin phase was controlled mainly by the thrust of Qinlin-Dabie orogenic area during later Jurassic and middle Triassic;the rift basin phase is controlled by fault and deasil circumvolving with the change of stressing during Cretaceous and Paleocene,with strong magma activity;and in the depression basin phase the basin descends as a whole,and magma activity stopped.With the study of the sections and the basin evolution,a structure pattern is set up.4 NNW descend belts and 3 NEE descend belts is the main structure separated by faults and low uplands.Combining the data of present stress,GPS and earthquakes,the low risk of earthquake and low activity is concluded for the Jianghan basin,and the hypocentral depth is about 14km or by the bottom of the basin in middle descend belt of Qianjiang-Mianyang.
Through the analysis of petrol seismic exploration profiles and the tectonic background of Jianghan Basin in Hubei province,a evolution model of the basin with 3 phases is proposed.The foreland basin phase was controlled mainly by the thrust of Qinlin-Dabie orogenic area during later Jurassic and middle Triassic;the rift basin phase is controlled by fault and deasil circumvolving with the change of stressing during Cretaceous and Paleocene,with strong magma activity;and in the depression basin phase the basin descends as a whole,and magma activity stopped.With the study of the sections and the basin evolution,a structure pattern is set up.4 NNW descend belts and 3 NEE descend belts is the main structure separated by faults and low uplands.Combining the data of present stress,GPS and earthquakes,the low risk of earthquake and low activity is concluded for the Jianghan basin,and the hypocentral depth is about 14km or by the bottom of the basin in middle descend belt of Qianjiang-Mianyang.
引文
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[2]马杏垣.中国岩石圈动力学纲要[M].北京:地质出版社,1987.
[3]徐政语,林舸,刘池阳,等.从江汉叠合盆地构造形变特征看华南与华北陆块的拼贴过程[J].地质科学,2004,39(2):284-295.
[4]刘和甫,粱慧社,李晓清.中国东部中新生代裂陷盆地与伸展山岭耦合机制[J].地学前缘,2000,7(4):477-486.
[5]徐佩芬,刘福田,王清晨.大别一苏鲁碰撞造山带的地震层析成像研究岩石圈三维速度结构[J].地球物理学报,1999,43(3):377-386.
[6]王必金.江汉盆地构造演化与勘探方向[D].北京:中国地质大学,2006.
[7]王必金,林畅松,陈莹,等.江汉盆地幕式构造运动及其演化特征[J].石油地球物理勘探.2006,41(2):226-230.
[8]陈家庚,曹新玲,李自强.水力压裂法测定华北地下深部应力[J].地震学报,1982,4(4):350-361.
[9]高锡铭,曾新平.长江三峡及邻区构造应力场和震源错动类型的研究[J].地壳形变与地震,1994,14(2):1-12.
[10]李蓉川,吴兴国.江汉—洞庭盆地地震活动性研究[J].地震研究,1992,15(3):255-262.
[11]钱祥麟.新生代板内造山作用研究认识中国区域地质构造基本特征的关键[J].地学前缘,2004,11(3):221-225.
[12]徐杰,邓起东,张玉岫,等.江汉—洞庭盆地构造特征和地震激动的初步分析[J].地震地质,1991,13(4):332-342.
[13]徐锡伟,韩竹军.新一代地震区划图地震构造图说明书[M].北京:地震出版社,2008.
[14]刘锁旺,甘家思.江汉洞庭盆地的非对称扩张与潜地地震危险性[J].地壳形变与地震.1994,14(2):56-66.
[15]陈步云,高文海.贾家湾—沙园剖面地壳结构的初步研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,1986,6(1):67-76.
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