多波AVO技术及其在川西地区实际应用中的误区陷阱分析
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摘要
AVO(振幅随偏移距的变化)技术在解决复杂储层的岩性识别和流体预测方面的技术优势已经被诸多应用实例和文献所证实。然而,随着多分量地震勘探逐步迈入工业化应用阶段及地震资料采集上发生的一些变化(宽方位、大炮检距),使得多波AVO技术中的一些陷阱逐步凸显。结合实际工作中碰到的问题,对多波AVO技术中的近似公式精度及适应性、多波AVO参数敏感性分析及叠前反演、多波联合对比解释等方面可能存在的误区及如何避免进行了初步讨论。尽管讨论的对象以川西为例,但却不失普遍意义,对其他工区同样具有一定的指导意义。
The technical advantages of application of AVO in lithologic recognition and fluid prediction in complex reservoirs have been proven by examples and documents.However,as the multi-component seismic exploration gradually entering into the stage of industrial application,some changes(wide azimuth and large offsets) were taken place,and some of the traps were appeared in the multi-wave AVO technique.In practical production,AVO technique often encountered some potential errors,which were overlooked in the past production processes.Combined with the problems occurred in practice,the potential misunderstanding to the precision and adaptability of the approximation equations,multi-wave AVO parameter sensitivity analysis,prestack inversion,multi-wave comparison of combined interpretation and how to avoid it is preliminarily discussed.Although the discussion is based on the example from Western Sichuan Province,it is instructive to the other working areas.
The technical advantages of application of AVO in lithologic recognition and fluid prediction in complex reservoirs have been proven by examples and documents.However,as the multi-component seismic exploration gradually entering into the stage of industrial application,some changes(wide azimuth and large offsets) were taken place,and some of the traps were appeared in the multi-wave AVO technique.In practical production,AVO technique often encountered some potential errors,which were overlooked in the past production processes.Combined with the problems occurred in practice,the potential misunderstanding to the precision and adaptability of the approximation equations,multi-wave AVO parameter sensitivity analysis,prestack inversion,multi-wave comparison of combined interpretation and how to avoid it is preliminarily discussed.Although the discussion is based on the example from Western Sichuan Province,it is instructive to the other working areas.
引文
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[6]郭向宇,蒋小松,朱志军.三分量地震数据处理技术及应用效果[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(1):81～86.
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[8]魏修成,陈天胜,季玉新.转换波AVO反演速度比和横波反射系数(英文)[J].Applied Geophysics,2008,5(1):18～22.
[9]李景叶,陈小宏,郝振江,等.多波时移地震AVO反演研究[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(4):51～56.
[10]甘其刚,许多.川西深层致密碎屑岩气藏储层预测方法[J].石油物探,2008,47(6):593～597.
[2]Avseth P,Mukerji T.定量地震解释[M].李来林,译.北京:石油工业出版社,2009.216～223.
[3]韩文功,印兴耀.地震技术新进展[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2005.92～115.
[4]李录明.多波多分量地震勘探原理及方法[M].北京:电子科技大学出版社,1997.167～185.
[5]胡贤根,尚新民,石林光,等.基于叠前时间偏移资料的AVO处理技术[J].石油物探,2002,41(3):343～346.
[6]郭向宇,蒋小松,朱志军.三分量地震数据处理技术及应用效果[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(1):81～86.
[7]郑晓东.AVO理论和方法的一些新进展[J].石油地球物理勘探,1992,27(3):64～67.
[8]魏修成,陈天胜,季玉新.转换波AVO反演速度比和横波反射系数(英文)[J].Applied Geophysics,2008,5(1):18～22.
[9]李景叶,陈小宏,郝振江,等.多波时移地震AVO反演研究[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(4):51～56.
[10]甘其刚,许多.川西深层致密碎屑岩气藏储层预测方法[J].石油物探,2008,47(6):593～597.
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