埕海潜山奥陶系碳酸盐岩裂缝预测
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摘要
埕海潜山奥陶系岩性主要是碳酸盐岩地层,储集空间以裂缝、孔洞为主,储层非均质性较强.该潜山埋藏深,地质情况复杂,仅靠单一的裂缝预测方法很难有效地预测裂缝及孔洞在平面上的展布规律,因此有必要从多个角度利用多种手段相互印证来落实奥陶系储层特征.为此,本文将相干分析技术和地震像素处理技术相结合对该潜山裂缝发育地区进行了预测,并且利用多种地震技术对预测结果进行了综合分析,完成了奥陶系上部地层裂缝综合评价图,识别出了裂缝发育区,提高了预测结果的可靠性,为勘探决策提供了重要依据.
The Ordovician strata is the mainly carbonate rocks in the buried hill of Chenghai in the east of China,and its reservoir space is dominated by fractures,holes and strong heterogeneity.This hill buried deeply and has complex geological conditions.It is very difficult to effectively predict the fractures and holes in the plan distribution which only with assistance of a single reservoir prediction.It is necessary to use various methods from multiple points of view to confirm each other to research the Ordovician reservoirs.In the view of this,the method combined with the technology of coherence analysis and the technology of seismic pixel processing has been applied to predict favorable fracture zone from different views in the buried hill,and a variety of seismic techniques are utilized to comprehensively analyze.The comprehensive evaluation plan of fracture prediction of the upper strata of Ordovician are finished,and fractures developed area are identified.It improves the reliability of prediction and provides an important basis for exploration decision.
The Ordovician strata is the mainly carbonate rocks in the buried hill of Chenghai in the east of China,and its reservoir space is dominated by fractures,holes and strong heterogeneity.This hill buried deeply and has complex geological conditions.It is very difficult to effectively predict the fractures and holes in the plan distribution which only with assistance of a single reservoir prediction.It is necessary to use various methods from multiple points of view to confirm each other to research the Ordovician reservoirs.In the view of this,the method combined with the technology of coherence analysis and the technology of seismic pixel processing has been applied to predict favorable fracture zone from different views in the buried hill,and a variety of seismic techniques are utilized to comprehensively analyze.The comprehensive evaluation plan of fracture prediction of the upper strata of Ordovician are finished,and fractures developed area are identified.It improves the reliability of prediction and provides an important basis for exploration decision.
引文
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[20]黄捍东,张如伟,赵迪,等.塔河奥陶系碳酸盐岩缝洞预测[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(2):213-218.Huang H D,Zhang R W,Zhao D,et al.Prediction ofOrdovician carbonate fracture and cavern in Tahe area[J].OGP(in Chinese),2009,44(2):213-218.
[21]陈轩,刘银河,林年添,等.塔中低凸起北斜坡奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层特征及其勘探意义[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(3):463-470.Chen X,Liu Y H,Lin N T,et al.Characteristics andexploration significance of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs inthe North Slope of Tazhong Lower Uplift,Tarim Basin[J].OGP(in Chinese),2011,46(3):463-470.
[22]Skirius C,Nissen S,Haskell N,et al.3-D seismic attributesapplied to carbonates[J].The Leading Edge,1999,18(3):384-393.
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[24]张春贺,乔德武,李世臻,等.复杂地区油气地球物理勘探技术集成[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(2):374-387.Zhang C H,Qiao D W,Li S Z,et al.Integration of oil andgas geophysical exploration technologies for geologicallycomplex areas[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2011,54(2):374-387.
[25]蔡刚,姚清洲,李双文,等.准噶尔盆地隐蔽油气藏的识别方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(6):692-696.Cai G,Yao Q Z,Li S W,et al.Identification of subtle oil/gas reservoir in Junggar Basin[J].OGP(in Chinese),2006,41(6):692-696.
[26]纪学武,彭忻,臧殿光,等.多属性微断裂解释技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(S1):117-120.Ji X W,Pen X,Zang D G,et al.Micro-fault interpretationby multiple attributes[J].OGP(in Chinese),2011,46(S1):117-120.
[27]李建雄,崔全章,魏小东.地震属性在微断层解释中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(6):925-929.Li J X,Cui Q Z,Wei X D.Application of seismic attributesin micro-fault interpretation[J].OGP(in Chinese),2011,46(6):925-929.
[28]刘文岭,牛彦良,李刚,等.多信息储层预测地震属性提取与有效性分析方法[J].石油物探,2002,41(1):100-106.Liu W L,Niu Y L,Li G,et al.Seismic attribute extractionand effectiveness analysis of multi-attribute reservoirprediction[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum(inChinese),2002,41(1):100-106.
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[2]龚洪林,袁刚,田彦灿,等.塔中碳酸盐岩缝洞型储集体精细成像[J].地球物理学进展,2012,27(2):555-561.Gong H L,Yuan G,Tian Y C,et al.Accurate imaging wayof carbonate fracture-cave type’s reservoir in Tazhong[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2012,27(2):555-561.
[3]景建恩,梅忠武,李舟波.塔河油田碳酸盐岩缝洞型储层的测井识别与评价方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(2):336-341.Jing J E,Mei Z W,Li Z B.Investigation of well loggingevaluation and identification methods for carbonate reservoirswith fracture and vug in Tahe oil field[J].Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2003,18(2):336-341.
[4]王延光,杜启振.泥岩裂缝性储层地震勘探方法初探[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):494-501.Wang Y G,Du Q Z.Study of seismic methods in detectingshale-fracture reservoirs[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2006,21(2):494-501.
[5]袁淑琴,于长华,董晓伟,等.埕海高斜坡区沙河街组岩性圈闭发育有利部位及其识别技术研究[J].天然气地球科学,2010,21(4):621-626.Yuan S Q,Xu C H,Dong X W,et al.Experience andunderstand on lithologic trap exploration in Shahejie formationof Chenghai High-Slope[J].Natural Gas Geoscience(inChinese),2010,21(4):621-626.
[6]蔡刚,孙东,裴明利,等.相干体技术及其在油气勘探中的应用[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(4):510-513.Cai G,Sun D,Pei M L,et al.Coherence cube technique andits application in hydrocarbon exploration field[J].Nature GasGeoscience(in Chinese),2006,17(4):510-513.
[7]王从镔,龚洪林,许多年,等.高分辨率相干体分析技术及其应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(5):1575-1578.Wang C B,Gong H L,Xu D N,et al.High-resolutioncoherency analysis technique and its application[J].Progressin Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(5):1575-1578.
[8]刘传虎.地震相干分析技术在裂缝油气藏预测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(2):238-243.Liu C H.Application of seismic coherent analysis technologyto prediction of fractured reservoir[J].Oil GeophysicalProspecting(in Chinese),2001,36(2):238-243.
[9]王彦君,雍学善,刘应如,等.小断层识别技术研究及应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(2):135-139.Wang Y J,Yong X S,Liu Y R,et al.Identification of minorfault and its applications[J].Progress in ExplorationGeophysics(in Chinese),2007,30(2):135-139.
[10]鹿洪友,陈小宏,张如伟.桩海古潜山裂缝预测的方法研究—以胜利油田桩海地区为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(6):758-763.Lu H Y,Chen X H,Zhang R W.Method study of fractureprediction in the Zhuanghai paleo—buried hill:an examplefrom the Zhuanghai area of Shengli Oil field[J].Oil&GasGeology(in Chinese),2008,29(6):758-763.
[11]刘峰,牟中海,蒋裕强,等.小断层的地震识别[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(6):2210-2215.Liu F,Mu Z H,Jiang Y Q,et al.Seismic identification ofsmall fault[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2011,26(6):2210-2215.
[12]冯明友,张帆,王兴志,等.利用IPA技术精细识别裂缝—以柴达木盆地南翼山工区为例[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(6):2054-2060.Feng M Y,Zhang F,Wang X Z,et al.Delineation offractures by 3Dseismic data IPA technique:A case study inthe Nanyishan area,Qaidam Basin[J].Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2010,25(6):2054-2060.
[13]赵军龙,巩泽文,李甘,等.碳酸盐岩裂缝性储层测井识别及评价技术综述与展望[J].地球物理学进展,2012,27(2):537-547.Zhao J L,Gong Z W,Li G,et al.A review and perspectiveof identifying and evaluating the logging technology offractured carbonate reservoir[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2012,27(2):537-547.
[14]王连山,王彦春,钟德盈,等.裂缝预测技术在砾岩体气藏评价中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(4):1343-1349.Wang L S,Wang Y C,Zhong D Y,et al.Application offractures forecast technique in conglomerate gas reservoirevaluation[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2011,26(4):1343-1349.
[15]景建恩,魏文博,梅忠武,等.裂缝型碳酸盐岩储层测井评价方法—以塔河油田为例[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(1):78-82.Jing J E,Wei W B,Mei Z W,et al.Method of Well-logginginterpretation for fracture reservoirs of carbonate rock—casestudy in Tahe oil-field[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2005,20(1):78-82.
[16]李军,郝天珧,赵百民.地震与测井数据综合预测裂缝发育带[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1):179-183.Li J,Hao T Y,Zhao B M.Synthetic predication of favorablefracture zone from seismic and log data[J].Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(1):179-183.
[17]胡伟光,易小林,肖伟,等.川东北双庙场构造嘉二段储层综合预测[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(5):1723-1736.Hu W G,Yi X L,Xiao W,et al.Comprehensive predictionof the member Jia-2reservoir in the Shuangmiao structure innortheast Sichuan basin[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2010,25(5):1723-1736.
[18]李凡异,狄帮让,魏建新,等.碳酸盐岩缝洞体宽度估算方法[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(2):631-636.Li F Y,Di B R,Wei J X,et al.A method for estimating thewidth of carbonate fracture-cavern bodies[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2012,55(2):631-636.
[19]曲寿利,朱生旺,赵群,等.碳酸盐岩孔洞型储集体地震反射特征分析[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(6):2053-2061.Qu S L,Zhu S W,Zhao Q,et al.Analysis of seismicreflection characters for carbonate Karst reservoir[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2012,55(6):2053-2061.
[20]黄捍东,张如伟,赵迪,等.塔河奥陶系碳酸盐岩缝洞预测[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(2):213-218.Huang H D,Zhang R W,Zhao D,et al.Prediction ofOrdovician carbonate fracture and cavern in Tahe area[J].OGP(in Chinese),2009,44(2):213-218.
[21]陈轩,刘银河,林年添,等.塔中低凸起北斜坡奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层特征及其勘探意义[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(3):463-470.Chen X,Liu Y H,Lin N T,et al.Characteristics andexploration significance of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs inthe North Slope of Tazhong Lower Uplift,Tarim Basin[J].OGP(in Chinese),2011,46(3):463-470.
[22]Skirius C,Nissen S,Haskell N,et al.3-D seismic attributesapplied to carbonates[J].The Leading Edge,1999,18(3):384-393.
[23]陈香朋,韩国庆,田建华,等.地震属性技术在郭局子洼陷沙二段岩性油藏描述中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3):846-851.Chen X P,Han G Q,Tian J H,et al.Seismic attributeapplication to the lithologic reservoir of Es2member of theGuojuzi sag[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(3):846-851.
[24]张春贺,乔德武,李世臻,等.复杂地区油气地球物理勘探技术集成[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(2):374-387.Zhang C H,Qiao D W,Li S Z,et al.Integration of oil andgas geophysical exploration technologies for geologicallycomplex areas[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2011,54(2):374-387.
[25]蔡刚,姚清洲,李双文,等.准噶尔盆地隐蔽油气藏的识别方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(6):692-696.Cai G,Yao Q Z,Li S W,et al.Identification of subtle oil/gas reservoir in Junggar Basin[J].OGP(in Chinese),2006,41(6):692-696.
[26]纪学武,彭忻,臧殿光,等.多属性微断裂解释技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(S1):117-120.Ji X W,Pen X,Zang D G,et al.Micro-fault interpretationby multiple attributes[J].OGP(in Chinese),2011,46(S1):117-120.
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