鬼招手滑坡的特征及失稳机制
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摘要
鬼招手滑坡位于"5·12"汶川地震极重灾区彭州市内,是地震4 a后暴雨诱发的高速滑坡。剖析了主滑体和堆积区Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的特征;分析了影响该边坡稳定性并诱发滑坡的6大因素,包括地层岩性、河流及泥石流冲刷掏蚀坡脚、暴雨及雨水下渗、断裂及"5.12"汶川地震、地貌、人类工程活动,其中持续暴雨是滑坡主要诱发因素;计算了主滑体抛射初速度为40.41 m/s,运动距离为137 m,定义了主滑体的破坏模式为滑移-抛射模式;总结了滑坡的破坏过程,分为坡体累积破坏、坡体启动、坡体运动、坡体堆积稳定4个阶段;对比分析了暴雨和地震诱发的高速滑坡的不同之处,对于地震灾区的防灾减灾工作具有一定参考价值。
Guizhaoshou landslide is located in quake-hit areas——Pengzhou city of Sichuan,China.It is a rainstorm-induced high-speed landslide after four years of Wenchuan earthquake,the feature of the main slide body and accumulation zone Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ is analyzed detailly;six factors affecting the stability of the landslide and inducing landslides,including formation lithology,foot of the slope undercutted and washed by rivers and debris flow,heavy rains and rainwater infiltration and etc are analyzed,and sustained heavy rain is the major predisposing factors to landslide;the projectile initial velocity of the main slide body is 40.41 m / s,movement distance is 137 meters,landslide destruction mode is defined as the slip-projectile mode;the destruction process of Guizhaoshou landslide is summarized,which is divided into four stages including slope cumulative undermine stage,start-up phase of the slope,the slope body movement stage,slope accumulate stable stage.The work fills the research on the rainstorminduced high-speed landslide,and the difference is compared from rainstorm-induced and earthquake-induced highspeed landslide.The work has a certain reference value for the disaster prevention and mitigation work in the areas threatened by geological disasters.
Guizhaoshou landslide is located in quake-hit areas——Pengzhou city of Sichuan,China.It is a rainstorm-induced high-speed landslide after four years of Wenchuan earthquake,the feature of the main slide body and accumulation zone Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ is analyzed detailly;six factors affecting the stability of the landslide and inducing landslides,including formation lithology,foot of the slope undercutted and washed by rivers and debris flow,heavy rains and rainwater infiltration and etc are analyzed,and sustained heavy rain is the major predisposing factors to landslide;the projectile initial velocity of the main slide body is 40.41 m / s,movement distance is 137 meters,landslide destruction mode is defined as the slip-projectile mode;the destruction process of Guizhaoshou landslide is summarized,which is divided into four stages including slope cumulative undermine stage,start-up phase of the slope,the slope body movement stage,slope accumulate stable stage.The work fills the research on the rainstorminduced high-speed landslide,and the difference is compared from rainstorm-induced and earthquake-induced highspeed landslide.The work has a certain reference value for the disaster prevention and mitigation work in the areas threatened by geological disasters.
引文
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[2]Cheng Qiangong,Wang Yufeng,Zhu Qi,et al.Dynamics of airblasts generated by rock avalanches[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2011,29(1):70-80[程谦恭,王玉峰,朱圻,等.高速远程滑坡超前冲击气浪动力学机理[J].山地学报,2011,29(1):70-80]
[3]Fang Hua,Pei Laizheng,Xiang Lingzhi.Study on kinematic velocity of high-speed and long-range landslides induced by Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2011,31(2):212-217[方华,裴来政,向灵芝.汶川地震高速远程滑坡速度研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2011,31(2):212-217]
[4]Li Weile,Huang Runqiu,Tang Chuan,et al.Landslides triggered by“5.12”Wenchuan earthquake in the Mianyuan river basin,China[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2011,29(4):483-492[李为乐,黄润秋,唐川,等.汶川地震触发的绵远河流域崩塌滑坡的特征[J].山地学报,2011,29(4):483-492]
[5]Ying Yaoping.Rapid and long run-out features of landslides triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2009,17(2):153-166[殷跃平.汶川八级地震滑坡高速远程特征分析[J].工程地质报,2009,17(2):153-166]
[6]Huang Runqiu,Pei Xiangjun,Li Tianfu.Basic characteri-stics and formation mechanism of the largest scale landslide at Daguangbao occurred during the Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2008,16(6):730-741[黄润秋,裴向军,李天斌.汶川地震触发大光包巨型滑坡基本特征及形成机理分析[J].工程地质报,2008,16(6):730-741]
[7]Huang Runqiu,Pei Xiangjun,Zhang Weifeng,et al.Further examination on characteristics and formatiom mechanism of Daguangbao landslide[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2009,17(6):725-736[黄润秋,裴向军,张伟峰,等.再论大光包滑坡特征与形成机制[J].工程地质学报,2009,17(6):725-736]
[8]Sun Ping,Zhang Yongshuang,Ying Yueping,et al.Discussion on long run-out sliding mechanism of Donghekou landslide-debris flow[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2009,17(6):737-744[孙萍,张永双,殷跃平,等.东河口滑坡-碎屑流高速远程运移机制探讨[J].工程地质学报,2009,17(6):737-744]
[9]Qi Chao,Xing Aiguo,Ying Yueping,et al.Numerical simulation of dynamic behavior of Donghekou rockslide-debris avalanche[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2012,20(3):334-339[齐超,邢爱国,殷跃平,等.东河口高速远程滑坡-碎屑流全程动力特性模拟[J].工程地质学报,2012,20(3):334-339]
[10]Wang Tao,Shi Jusong,Wu Shuren,et al.Formation mechanism of Wenjiagou high-speed and long-runout debris avalanche triggered by Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2010,18(5):631-644[王涛,石菊松,吴树仁,等.汶川地震触发文家沟高速远程滑坡-碎屑流成因机理分析[J].工程地质学报,2010,18(5):631-644]
[11]Zhang Yuanjiao,Xing Aiguo,Zhu Jiliang.Dynamics analysis of Niujuangou rockslide-debris avalanche triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University,2012,46(10):1665-1670[张远娇,邢爱国,朱继良.汶川地震触发牛圈沟高速远程滑坡-碎屑流动力学特性分析[J].上海交通大学学报,2012,46(10):1665-1670]
[12]Feng Jun.Study on stability and support of consequent bedding rock slope[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2005:1-229[冯君.顺层岩质边坡开挖稳定性及其支护措施研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2005:1-229]
[13]International Union of Geological Sciences Working Group on Landslide.A suggested method for describing the rate of movement of a landslide[J].Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology,1995,52:75-78
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