委内瑞拉水平井资料在地质统计反演中的应用
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摘要
M区块位于委内瑞拉奥里诺科重油带,其砂岩储层埋藏浅,厚度大,胶结疏松,内部泥岩隔夹层发育.该区块地震资料品质差,缺少声波测井资料,无法实现常规的地震反演,并且区块内大部分井是水平井,如何利用水平井资料难度大.针对以上问题,本文创新性地提出了综合应用直井和水平井资料进行地震反演,利用GR和电阻率曲线重构出拟声波曲线,在已有声波做速度趋势的约束下,利用倾角叠加技术对水平井进行层位标定,采用稀疏脉冲反演和地质统计模拟进行地震反演.研究表明,重构的拟声波波阻抗能够很好地区分岩性,水平井信息参与反演大大提高了储层和隔夹层的预测精度,从而实现了在缺少声波和密度资料的情况下的直井和水平井约束的地震反演.
The M block locates in the Orinoco heavy oil belt of Venezuela.The sandstone reservoirs of this block characterized by shallow burial depth,great thickness,poor cementation and interbedded/intercalated mudstone.The quality of seismic data here is poor and most wells are horizontal without sonic and density curves.In such cases,it is difficult to perform seismic inversion.Therefore,this paper puts forward a new approach to seismic inversion using both vertical and horizontal well data.First,pseudo-DT curves were reconstructed based on both GR and resistivity logs.Second,with constraint of velocity trends by existing DT data,synthetic record of horizontal wells was generated to calibrate horizons through slant stack,and seismic inversion was carried on by CSSI and geo-statistical simulation.The results show that pseudo-DT curve can be used to distinguish lithology,and predictive accuracy of reservoir can be greatly improved with the contribution of information from horizontal well to inversion.This method realizes vertical and horizontal wells constrained seismic inversion in the area lack of DT and density logs.
The M block locates in the Orinoco heavy oil belt of Venezuela.The sandstone reservoirs of this block characterized by shallow burial depth,great thickness,poor cementation and interbedded/intercalated mudstone.The quality of seismic data here is poor and most wells are horizontal without sonic and density curves.In such cases,it is difficult to perform seismic inversion.Therefore,this paper puts forward a new approach to seismic inversion using both vertical and horizontal well data.First,pseudo-DT curves were reconstructed based on both GR and resistivity logs.Second,with constraint of velocity trends by existing DT data,synthetic record of horizontal wells was generated to calibrate horizons through slant stack,and seismic inversion was carried on by CSSI and geo-statistical simulation.The results show that pseudo-DT curve can be used to distinguish lithology,and predictive accuracy of reservoir can be greatly improved with the contribution of information from horizontal well to inversion.This method realizes vertical and horizontal wells constrained seismic inversion in the area lack of DT and density logs.
引文
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[6]周水生,宜伟,郝召兵,等.基于叠前反演的流体敏感属性实验研究及应用[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(6):1985-1992.Zhou S S,Yi W,Hao Z B,et al.Experiment research andapplication of fluid sensitive attributes based on the pre—stackinversion[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),2012,55(6):1985-1992.
[7]黄伟传,杨长春,范桃园,等.岩石物理分析技术在储层预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(6):1791-1795.Huang W C,Yang C C,Fan T Y,et al.The application ofpetrophysical analysis in the reservoir prediction[J].Progressin Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(6):1791-1795.
[8]张静,王彦春,陈启林,等.储层特征曲线重构技术在储层预测中的应用研究[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(3):396-401.Zhang J,Wang Y C,Chen Q L,et al.Application of logcurve reconstruction in the prediction of reservoirs[J].NaturalGas Geoscience(in Chinese),2008,19(3):396-401.
[9]刘爱群,盖永浩.测井约束反演过程中测井资料统计分析研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1487-1492.Liu A Q,Gai Y H.Analysis and research of log information inthe process of oil well logging restraint inversion[J].Progressin Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(5):1487-1492.
[10]姜传金,鞠林波,张广颖,等.利用地震叠前数据预测火山岩裂缝的方法和效果分析——以松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷营城组火山岩为例[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(2):515-523.Jiang C J,Ju L B,Zhang G Y,et al.The method and effectanalysis of volcanic fracture prediction with prestack seismicdata——An example from the volcanic rocks of Yingchengformation in Xujiaweizi fault depression,north of Songliaobasin[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),2011,54(2):515-523.
[11]陈树民,王建民,王桂水,等.PP—PS协同反演技术预测大庆深层火山岩含气储层[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(2):280-285.Chen S M,Wang J M,Wang G S,et al.Joint PP—PSinversion techniques and their application for predicting gasreservoir of deep volcanic in Daqing[J].Chinese Journal ofGeophysics(in Chinese),2011,54(2):280-285.
[12]张文,陈文侠.长春岭油田储层预测研究[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(2):494-500.Zhang W,Chen W X.Reservoir prediction research in theChangchun ling oil field[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2009,24(2):494-500.
[13]唐华风,李瑞磊,吴艳辉,等.火山地层结构特征及其对波阻抗反演的约束[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(2):620-627.Tang H F,Li R L,Wu Y H,et al.Textural characteristicsof volcanic strata and its constraint to impedance inversion[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),2011,54(2):620-627.
[14]孙思敏,彭仕宓.地质统计学反演方法及其在薄层砂体预测中的应用[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2007,22(1):41-44,48.Sun S M,Peng S M.Geostatistical inversion method and itsapplication in the prediction of thin reservoirs[J].Journal ofXi’an Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition)(inChinese),2007,22(1):41-44,48.
[15]张超英,周小鹰,董宁.测井约束的地震反演在鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地气田中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(4):909-917.Zhang C Y,Zhou X Y,Dong N.Seismic inversionconstrained by wells in the Daniu gas-field in Eerduosi Basin[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2004,19(4):909-917.
[16]姚维益,张洪.约束稀疏脉冲反演在储层预测中的应用[J].内蒙古石油化工,2007,33(12):109-111.Yao W Y,Zhang H.The application of constrained sparsespike inversion to glutinite reservior’s Prediction[J].InnerMongolia Petrochemical Industry(in Chinese),2007,33(12):109-111.
[17]郭朝斌,杨小波,陈红岳,等.约束稀疏脉冲反演在储层预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2006,45(4):397-400.Guo C B,Yang X B,Chen H Y,et al.Constrained sparsepulse inversion research in north of Haitongji depression[J].Geophysical Prospecting For Petroleum(in Chinese),2006,45(4):397-400.
[18]穆星.稀疏脉冲波阻抗反演参数对反演效果的影响研究[J].工程地球物理学报,2005,2(2):104-108.Mu X.Effect of parameters control on Sparse SpikeImpedance Inversion[J].Chinese Journal of EngineeringGeophysics(in Chinese),2005,2(2):104-108.
[19]刘百红,李建华,魏小东,等.随机反演在储层预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(2):581-589Liu B H,Li J H,Wei X D,et al.The application ofStochastic seismic inversion in reservoir prediction[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2009,24(2):581-589.
[20]李建雄,谷跃民,党虎强,等.高密度井网开发区井震联合储层预测方法——以SL盆地JN2区块为例[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(3):457-462.Li J X,Gu Y M,Dang H Q,et al.Well seismic and surfaceseismic joint prediction for reservoir rock in a developmentarea with denser producers——Case study of Block JN2in SLBasin[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),2011,46(3):457-462.
[21]年静波,汤磊,刘喜武.地质统计分析在地震资料砂泥岩分布预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(3):278-282.Nian J B,Tang L,Liu X W.Application of geostatisticalanalysis in prediction of sand/shale distribution from seismicdata:A case study[J].Geophysical Prospecting ForPetroleum(in Chinese),2004,43(3):278-282.
[22]李方明,计智锋,赵国良,等.地质统计反演之随机地震反演方法——以苏丹M盆地P油田为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(4):451-455.Li F M,Ji Z F,Zhao G L,et al.Methodology andapplication of stochastic seismic inversion:A case from POilfield,M Basin,Sudan[J].Petroleum Exploration andDevelopment(in Chinese),2007,34(4):451-455.
[2]张静,陈启林,李延丽.测井曲线重构技术在储层预测中的应用[J].西北油气勘探,2005,17(4):47-52.Zhang J,Chen Q L and Li Y L.Application of reconstructiontechnique to reservoir prediction[J].Northwest Oil&GasExploration(in Chinese),2005,17(4):47-52.
[3]崔健,张星.曲线重构反演在储层预测研究中的应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2008,27(3):133-135.Cui J,Zhang X.Application of curve rebuild inversion inreservoir predication[J].Petroleum Geology&OilfieldDevelopment in Daqing(in Chinese),2008,27(3):133-135.
[4]张学芳,董月昌,慎国强,等.曲线重构技术在测井约束反演中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(3):70-72.Zhang X F,Dong Y C,Shen G Q,et al.Application of logrebuilding technique in constrain inversion[J].PetroleumExploration and Development(in Chinese),2005,32(3):70-72.
[5]单静福,王峰,孙海雷,等.基于地震波阻抗反演的小层砂体预测技术——在大庆油田州57水平井区块的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(2):212-218.Shan J F,Wang F,Sun H L,et al.Prediction of sublayersandstones based on wave impedance inversion[J].Oil&GasGeology(in Chinese),2010,31(2):212-218.
[6]周水生,宜伟,郝召兵,等.基于叠前反演的流体敏感属性实验研究及应用[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(6):1985-1992.Zhou S S,Yi W,Hao Z B,et al.Experiment research andapplication of fluid sensitive attributes based on the pre—stackinversion[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),2012,55(6):1985-1992.
[7]黄伟传,杨长春,范桃园,等.岩石物理分析技术在储层预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(6):1791-1795.Huang W C,Yang C C,Fan T Y,et al.The application ofpetrophysical analysis in the reservoir prediction[J].Progressin Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(6):1791-1795.
[8]张静,王彦春,陈启林,等.储层特征曲线重构技术在储层预测中的应用研究[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(3):396-401.Zhang J,Wang Y C,Chen Q L,et al.Application of logcurve reconstruction in the prediction of reservoirs[J].NaturalGas Geoscience(in Chinese),2008,19(3):396-401.
[9]刘爱群,盖永浩.测井约束反演过程中测井资料统计分析研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1487-1492.Liu A Q,Gai Y H.Analysis and research of log information inthe process of oil well logging restraint inversion[J].Progressin Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(5):1487-1492.
[10]姜传金,鞠林波,张广颖,等.利用地震叠前数据预测火山岩裂缝的方法和效果分析——以松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷营城组火山岩为例[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(2):515-523.Jiang C J,Ju L B,Zhang G Y,et al.The method and effectanalysis of volcanic fracture prediction with prestack seismicdata——An example from the volcanic rocks of Yingchengformation in Xujiaweizi fault depression,north of Songliaobasin[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),2011,54(2):515-523.
[11]陈树民,王建民,王桂水,等.PP—PS协同反演技术预测大庆深层火山岩含气储层[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(2):280-285.Chen S M,Wang J M,Wang G S,et al.Joint PP—PSinversion techniques and their application for predicting gasreservoir of deep volcanic in Daqing[J].Chinese Journal ofGeophysics(in Chinese),2011,54(2):280-285.
[12]张文,陈文侠.长春岭油田储层预测研究[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(2):494-500.Zhang W,Chen W X.Reservoir prediction research in theChangchun ling oil field[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2009,24(2):494-500.
[13]唐华风,李瑞磊,吴艳辉,等.火山地层结构特征及其对波阻抗反演的约束[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(2):620-627.Tang H F,Li R L,Wu Y H,et al.Textural characteristicsof volcanic strata and its constraint to impedance inversion[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),2011,54(2):620-627.
[14]孙思敏,彭仕宓.地质统计学反演方法及其在薄层砂体预测中的应用[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2007,22(1):41-44,48.Sun S M,Peng S M.Geostatistical inversion method and itsapplication in the prediction of thin reservoirs[J].Journal ofXi’an Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition)(inChinese),2007,22(1):41-44,48.
[15]张超英,周小鹰,董宁.测井约束的地震反演在鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地气田中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(4):909-917.Zhang C Y,Zhou X Y,Dong N.Seismic inversionconstrained by wells in the Daniu gas-field in Eerduosi Basin[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2004,19(4):909-917.
[16]姚维益,张洪.约束稀疏脉冲反演在储层预测中的应用[J].内蒙古石油化工,2007,33(12):109-111.Yao W Y,Zhang H.The application of constrained sparsespike inversion to glutinite reservior’s Prediction[J].InnerMongolia Petrochemical Industry(in Chinese),2007,33(12):109-111.
[17]郭朝斌,杨小波,陈红岳,等.约束稀疏脉冲反演在储层预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2006,45(4):397-400.Guo C B,Yang X B,Chen H Y,et al.Constrained sparsepulse inversion research in north of Haitongji depression[J].Geophysical Prospecting For Petroleum(in Chinese),2006,45(4):397-400.
[18]穆星.稀疏脉冲波阻抗反演参数对反演效果的影响研究[J].工程地球物理学报,2005,2(2):104-108.Mu X.Effect of parameters control on Sparse SpikeImpedance Inversion[J].Chinese Journal of EngineeringGeophysics(in Chinese),2005,2(2):104-108.
[19]刘百红,李建华,魏小东,等.随机反演在储层预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(2):581-589Liu B H,Li J H,Wei X D,et al.The application ofStochastic seismic inversion in reservoir prediction[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2009,24(2):581-589.
[20]李建雄,谷跃民,党虎强,等.高密度井网开发区井震联合储层预测方法——以SL盆地JN2区块为例[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(3):457-462.Li J X,Gu Y M,Dang H Q,et al.Well seismic and surfaceseismic joint prediction for reservoir rock in a developmentarea with denser producers——Case study of Block JN2in SLBasin[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),2011,46(3):457-462.
[21]年静波,汤磊,刘喜武.地质统计分析在地震资料砂泥岩分布预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(3):278-282.Nian J B,Tang L,Liu X W.Application of geostatisticalanalysis in prediction of sand/shale distribution from seismicdata:A case study[J].Geophysical Prospecting ForPetroleum(in Chinese),2004,43(3):278-282.
[22]李方明,计智锋,赵国良,等.地质统计反演之随机地震反演方法——以苏丹M盆地P油田为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(4):451-455.Li F M,Ji Z F,Zhao G L,et al.Methodology andapplication of stochastic seismic inversion:A case from POilfield,M Basin,Sudan[J].Petroleum Exploration andDevelopment(in Chinese),2007,34(4):451-455.
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