基于PPP技术实时识别和校正强震仪基线偏移
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摘要
强震仪的基线漂移误差是一项极其复杂的误差,它的准确确定是恢复高精度同震速度和位移信息的前提.当前,各种经验的基线校正方法因不能准确客观描述基线漂移的特性,改正后的结果存在不同程度的偏差.本文提出一种基于PPP技术实时识别和校正强震仪基线漂移的方法.该方法将两种传感器的数据在观测值域进行紧组合处理,一方面强震仪的基线漂移误差可以被有效识别和校正,另一方面,GPS的随机误差可以进一步得到控制和减弱,组合系统可以实时得到最优的位移、速度和加速度信息.实验结果表明,该方法能实时估计复杂的同震瞬时基线漂移,比经验的双折线校正方法更具客观性和准确性,对于实时地震监测预警具有重要意义.
The baseline shift in strong-motion sensor is an extremely complex error,its accurate determine is very important for recovering high precision velocity and displacement information.Right now,these empirical baseline shift correction approaches can not accurate describe its characteristics,then the recovered results will exist different deviation.In this study,we present a new approach by using PPP technology to recognize and correct the baseline shift.We tight integration the two sensor's observations in the observation area,on one side,the baseline shifts in strongmotion can be recognized and corrected effectively,on the other side,the random error of GPS can be further weakened,and the combined system can real-time get the optimal displacement,velocity and acceleration information.The experimental results show that this method can real-time estimate instantaneous baseline shift,it is more objective and accurate than the empirical double line correction method.This method is very important for real-time earthquake monitoring and early warning.
The baseline shift in strong-motion sensor is an extremely complex error,its accurate determine is very important for recovering high precision velocity and displacement information.Right now,these empirical baseline shift correction approaches can not accurate describe its characteristics,then the recovered results will exist different deviation.In this study,we present a new approach by using PPP technology to recognize and correct the baseline shift.We tight integration the two sensor's observations in the observation area,on one side,the baseline shifts in strongmotion can be recognized and corrected effectively,on the other side,the random error of GPS can be further weakened,and the combined system can real-time get the optimal displacement,velocity and acceleration information.The experimental results show that this method can real-time estimate instantaneous baseline shift,it is more objective and accurate than the empirical double line correction method.This method is very important for real-time earthquake monitoring and early warning.
引文
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Wu Y M,Wu C F.2007.Approximate recovery of coseismic deformation from Taiwan strong-motion records[J].J.Seismol.,11(2):159-170.
Zhu L P.2003.Recovering permanent displacements from seismic records of the June 9,1994 Bolivia deep earthquake[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,30(14,):1740,doi:10.1029/2003GL017302.
Zumberge J F,Heflin M B,Jefferson D C,et al.1997.Precise point positioning for the efficient and robust analysis of GPS data from large networks[J].J.Geophys.Res.,102(B3):5005-5017.
Boore D M.2004.Effect of baseline corrections on displacements and response spectra for several recordings of the 1999Chi-Chi,Taiwan,earthquake[J].Bull.Seismol.Soc.Amer.,91(5):1199-1211.
Chen K,Gao Y.2005.Real-time precise point positioning using single frequency data[C].//Proceedings of the 18th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation.Long Beach,CA:1514-1523.
Chiu H C.1997.Stable baseline correction of digital strong-motion data[J].Bull.Seismol.Soc.Amer.,87(4):932-944.
Collins P,Lahaye F,Hérous P,et al.2008.Precise point positioning with AR using the decoupled clock model[C].Proc.ION GNSS,16-19September,GA,USA.
Dach R,Hugentobler U,Fridez P,et al.2007.Bernese GPS software version 5.0[M].Astronomical Institute,University of Bern.
Elósegui P,Davis J L,Oberlander D,et al.2006.Accuracy of highrate GPS for seismology[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,33(11),L11308,doi:10.1029/2006GL026065.
Gao Y,Shen X B.2002.A new method for carrier-phase-based precise point positioning[J].Navigation,49(2):109-116.
Gao Y,Chen K,Shen X.2003.Real-time Kinematic Positioning Based on Un-differenced Carrier Phase Data Processing[C].//Proceedings of ION National Technical Meeting.Anaheim,California,January 22-24.
Genrich J F,Bock Y.2006.Instantaneous geodetic positioning with 10 -50 Hz GPS measurements:Noise characteristics and implications for monitoring networks[J].J.Geophys.Res.,111 (B3),B03403,doi:10.1029/2005JB003617.
Graizer V M.1979.Determination of the true ground displacement by using strong motion records[J].Izv.Earth Phys.,25:26-29.
Graizer V.2006.Tilts in strong ground motion[J].Bull.Seismol.Soc.Amer.,96(6):2090-2106.
Iwan W D,Moser M A,Peng C.1985.Some observations on strong-motion earthquake measurements using a digital accelerograph[J].Bull.Seismol.Soc.Amer.,75(5):1225-1246.
Kouba J,Héroux P.2001.Precise point positioning using IGS orbit and clock products[J].GPS Solut.,5(2):12-28,doi:10.1007/PL00012883.
Larson K M,Bilich A,Axelrad P.2007.Improving the precision of high-rate GPS[J].J.Geophys.Res.,112(B5):B05422,doi:10 .1029/2006JB004367.
McComb H E,Ruge A C,Neumann F.1943.The determination of true ground motion by integration of strong-motion records:A symposium[J].Bull.Seismol.Soc.Amer.,33(1):1-63.
Melgar D,Bock Y,Sanchez D,et al.2013.On robust and reliable automated baseline corrections for strong motion seismology[J].J.Geophys.Res.,118(3):1177-1187,doi:10.1002/jgrb.50135.
Wang R J,Schurr B,Milkereit C,et al.2011.An improved automatic scheme for empirical baseline correction of digital strong-motion records[J].Bull.Seismol.Soc.Amer.,101(5):2029-2044.
Wu Y M,Wu C F.2007.Approximate recovery of coseismic deformation from Taiwan strong-motion records[J].J.Seismol.,11(2):159-170.
Zhu L P.2003.Recovering permanent displacements from seismic records of the June 9,1994 Bolivia deep earthquake[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,30(14,):1740,doi:10.1029/2003GL017302.
Zumberge J F,Heflin M B,Jefferson D C,et al.1997.Precise point positioning for the efficient and robust analysis of GPS data from large networks[J].J.Geophys.Res.,102(B3):5005-5017.
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