高台子油田扶余油层现今地应力数值模拟及对水力压裂的影响
|
摘要
利用微地震资料和岩石波速各向异性实验数据计算统计了高台子油田扶余油层相关井点的现今地应力方向,并通过水力压裂资料及岩心古地磁定向、差应变、声发射实验得到井点的现今地应力数值;结合岩石三轴抗压实验确定扶余油层的岩石力学参数,在此基础上利用ANSYS软件建立研究区的有限元模型,以井点现今地应力参数为约束条件,对扶余油层现今地应力场进行数值模拟,并分析了水力压裂施工时现今应力场及天然裂缝活动性对人工压裂缝的影响。研究结果表明,高台子油田扶余油层水平最大主应力集中在34 MPa附近,呈北东东—南西西向,水平最小主应力为26~30 MPa,方向北北西—南南东。断层带内有较高的应力值,研究区西北部的背斜翼部水平主应力值较大,而东部、南部较为平缓的背斜核部则是水平主应力的低值区。西部的背斜翼部及断裂带是天然裂缝的活跃区域,天然裂缝对压裂缝的延伸方向影响较大;东部的背斜核部平缓地带天然裂缝的活动性较低。
In the research of present geo-stress of Fuyu reservoir in Gaotaizi oilfield,the micro seismic data and the experimental data of rock velocity anisotropy are used to get the directions of present geo-stress of wells. On the other hand, hydraulic fracturing data and rock dynamic experiment including paleomagnetic experiment,differential deformation experiment and acoustic emission experiment are employed to determine the value of present geo-stress of wells. Triaxial rock mechanical test is conducted to get rock mechanics parameters of Fuyu reservoir. On these basis,we have built up the three-dimensional finite element model by ANSYS software,which utilized the present geo-stress parameter of wells as constraint condition to proceed the numerical simulation of present geo-stress of Fuyu reservoir and to analyze the impact on artificial fractures in the fracturing operation created by the activity of natural fracture and present geo-stress. The results prove that the value of maximum horizontal principal stress stays in 34 MPa and its direction is NEE-SWW and the value of Minimum horizontal principal stress varies from 26 MPa to 30 MPa and its direction is NNW-SSE. The stress value in fault zone and anticlinal flanks in the northwest is much higher.However the gentle anticlinal core in the eastern and the southern part are low value zones. The anticlinal flanks and fault zone in the west are the active zones of natural fracture. The direction of artificial fractures are mainly affected by the natural fractures; in the eastern anticlinal core,the activity of natural fracture is lower.
In the research of present geo-stress of Fuyu reservoir in Gaotaizi oilfield,the micro seismic data and the experimental data of rock velocity anisotropy are used to get the directions of present geo-stress of wells. On the other hand, hydraulic fracturing data and rock dynamic experiment including paleomagnetic experiment,differential deformation experiment and acoustic emission experiment are employed to determine the value of present geo-stress of wells. Triaxial rock mechanical test is conducted to get rock mechanics parameters of Fuyu reservoir. On these basis,we have built up the three-dimensional finite element model by ANSYS software,which utilized the present geo-stress parameter of wells as constraint condition to proceed the numerical simulation of present geo-stress of Fuyu reservoir and to analyze the impact on artificial fractures in the fracturing operation created by the activity of natural fracture and present geo-stress. The results prove that the value of maximum horizontal principal stress stays in 34 MPa and its direction is NEE-SWW and the value of Minimum horizontal principal stress varies from 26 MPa to 30 MPa and its direction is NNW-SSE. The stress value in fault zone and anticlinal flanks in the northwest is much higher.However the gentle anticlinal core in the eastern and the southern part are low value zones. The anticlinal flanks and fault zone in the west are the active zones of natural fracture. The direction of artificial fractures are mainly affected by the natural fractures; in the eastern anticlinal core,the activity of natural fracture is lower.
引文
[1]李志明,张金珠.地应力与油气勘探开发[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:107~143.LI Zhi-ming,ZHANG Jin-zhu.In-situ stress and oil and gas exploration and development[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1997:107~143.
[2]葛洪魁,林英松,王顺昌.地应力测试及其在勘探开发中的作用[J].石油大学学报,1998,22(1):94~99.GE Hong-kui,LIN Ying-song,WANG Shun-chang.In-situ stress test and its affect in the exploration and development[J].Journal of University of Petroleum,1998,22(1):94~99.
[3]曾联波,田崇鲁.构造应力场与低渗透油田开发[J].石油勘探与开发,1998,25(3):91~93.ZENG Lian-bo,TIAN Chong-lu.Tectonic stress field and the development of low permeability oil fields[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1998,25(3):91~93.
[4]马寅生.地应力在油气地质研究中的作用、意义和研究现状[J].地质力学学报,1997,3(2):41~46.MA Yin-sheng.The role and significance of crustal stress in petroleum geology and its present situation[J].Journal of Geomechanics,1997,3(2):41~46.
[5]常淑云,李树臣,侯敏.大庆长垣中部扶余油层潜力研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,20(4):37~38.CHANG Shu-yun,LI shu-chen,Hou Min.Potential research of central Daqing placanticline Fuyu reservoir[J].Daqing Petroleum Geology and Development,2001,20(4):37~38.
[6]王法轩,刘长松,张强德.地层应力测量技术及其在油田开发中的应用[J].断块油气田,1997,4(2):41~46.WANG Fa-xuan,LIU Chang-song,ZHANG qiang-de.Formation stress measuring technique and its application in oilfield development[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,1997,4(2):41~46.
[7]余雄鹰,王越之,李自俊.声波法计算水平主应力值[J].石油学报,1996,17(3):59~63.YU Xiong-ying,WANG Yue-zhi,LI Zi-jun.Calculation of horizontal principal in-situ stress with acoustic wave method[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1996,17(3):59~63.
[8]侯明勋,葛修润,王水林.水力压裂法地应力测量中的几个问题[J].岩土力学,2003,24(5):841~842.HOU Ming-xun,GE Xiu-run,WANG Shui-lin.Several problems in the hydraulic fracturing in-situ stress measurement[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(5):841~842.
[9]蔡美峰.地应力测量原理和技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2000:241~250.CAI Mei-feng.Principle and technology of in-situ stress measurement[M].Beijing:Science Press,2000:241~250.
[10]孙连环,鲍洪志,杨顺辉.准噶尔盆地中部区块地应力求取研究[J].石油钻探技术,2007,35(2):19~20.SUN Lian-huan,BAO Hong-zhi,YANG Shun-hui.Investigation of terrestrial stress in middle Junggar Basin[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2007,35(2):19~20.
[11]鲍洪志,孙连环,于玲玲,等.利用岩石声发射Kaiser效应求取地应力[J].断块油气田,2009,16(6):95~96.BAO Zhi-hong,SUN Lian-huan,YU Ling-ling,et al.Obtainment of ground stress by Kaiser effect of rock acoustic emission[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2009,16(6):95~96.
[12]傅鹤林.岩石声发射的Kaiser效应及其在地应力场测试中的应用[J].化工矿物与加工,2002,31(5):20~22.FU He-lin.Application of Kaiser effect of acoustic emission in monitoring of ground stress[J].Industrial Minerals and Processing,2002,31(5):20~22.
[13]王仲茂,胡江明.水力压裂形成裂缝形态的研究[J].石油勘探与开发,1994,21(6):66~69.WANG Zhong-mao,HU Jiang-ming.A study on the fracture types induced by Hydrafracturing[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1994,21(6):66~69.
[14]李玉喜,肖淑梅.储层天然裂缝与压裂裂缝关系分析[J].特种油气藏,2000,7(3):27~29.LI Yu-xi,XIAO Shu-mei.Relationship between reservoir in-situ and fractured fractures[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2000,7(3):27~29.
[15]王秀娟,赵永胜,王良书,等.大庆喇萨杏油田水力压裂人工裂缝形态研究[J].石油学报,2002,23(4):52~54.WANG Xiu-juan,ZHAO Yong-sheng,WANG Liang-shu,et al.Research on hydraulic fracturing artificial fracture morphology of the Lasaxing oilfield of Daqing[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2002,23(4):52~54.
[16]孙贻铃,王秀娟,周永炳.三肇凹陷扶杨油层岩石力学参数特征[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,20(4):19~20.SUN Yi-ling,WANG Xiu-juan,ZHOU Yong-bing.Rock mechanical parameter characteristic of Fuyang reservoir in Sanzhao depression[J].Daqing Petroleum Geology and Development,2001,20(4):19~20.
[2]葛洪魁,林英松,王顺昌.地应力测试及其在勘探开发中的作用[J].石油大学学报,1998,22(1):94~99.GE Hong-kui,LIN Ying-song,WANG Shun-chang.In-situ stress test and its affect in the exploration and development[J].Journal of University of Petroleum,1998,22(1):94~99.
[3]曾联波,田崇鲁.构造应力场与低渗透油田开发[J].石油勘探与开发,1998,25(3):91~93.ZENG Lian-bo,TIAN Chong-lu.Tectonic stress field and the development of low permeability oil fields[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1998,25(3):91~93.
[4]马寅生.地应力在油气地质研究中的作用、意义和研究现状[J].地质力学学报,1997,3(2):41~46.MA Yin-sheng.The role and significance of crustal stress in petroleum geology and its present situation[J].Journal of Geomechanics,1997,3(2):41~46.
[5]常淑云,李树臣,侯敏.大庆长垣中部扶余油层潜力研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,20(4):37~38.CHANG Shu-yun,LI shu-chen,Hou Min.Potential research of central Daqing placanticline Fuyu reservoir[J].Daqing Petroleum Geology and Development,2001,20(4):37~38.
[6]王法轩,刘长松,张强德.地层应力测量技术及其在油田开发中的应用[J].断块油气田,1997,4(2):41~46.WANG Fa-xuan,LIU Chang-song,ZHANG qiang-de.Formation stress measuring technique and its application in oilfield development[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,1997,4(2):41~46.
[7]余雄鹰,王越之,李自俊.声波法计算水平主应力值[J].石油学报,1996,17(3):59~63.YU Xiong-ying,WANG Yue-zhi,LI Zi-jun.Calculation of horizontal principal in-situ stress with acoustic wave method[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1996,17(3):59~63.
[8]侯明勋,葛修润,王水林.水力压裂法地应力测量中的几个问题[J].岩土力学,2003,24(5):841~842.HOU Ming-xun,GE Xiu-run,WANG Shui-lin.Several problems in the hydraulic fracturing in-situ stress measurement[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(5):841~842.
[9]蔡美峰.地应力测量原理和技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2000:241~250.CAI Mei-feng.Principle and technology of in-situ stress measurement[M].Beijing:Science Press,2000:241~250.
[10]孙连环,鲍洪志,杨顺辉.准噶尔盆地中部区块地应力求取研究[J].石油钻探技术,2007,35(2):19~20.SUN Lian-huan,BAO Hong-zhi,YANG Shun-hui.Investigation of terrestrial stress in middle Junggar Basin[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2007,35(2):19~20.
[11]鲍洪志,孙连环,于玲玲,等.利用岩石声发射Kaiser效应求取地应力[J].断块油气田,2009,16(6):95~96.BAO Zhi-hong,SUN Lian-huan,YU Ling-ling,et al.Obtainment of ground stress by Kaiser effect of rock acoustic emission[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2009,16(6):95~96.
[12]傅鹤林.岩石声发射的Kaiser效应及其在地应力场测试中的应用[J].化工矿物与加工,2002,31(5):20~22.FU He-lin.Application of Kaiser effect of acoustic emission in monitoring of ground stress[J].Industrial Minerals and Processing,2002,31(5):20~22.
[13]王仲茂,胡江明.水力压裂形成裂缝形态的研究[J].石油勘探与开发,1994,21(6):66~69.WANG Zhong-mao,HU Jiang-ming.A study on the fracture types induced by Hydrafracturing[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1994,21(6):66~69.
[14]李玉喜,肖淑梅.储层天然裂缝与压裂裂缝关系分析[J].特种油气藏,2000,7(3):27~29.LI Yu-xi,XIAO Shu-mei.Relationship between reservoir in-situ and fractured fractures[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2000,7(3):27~29.
[15]王秀娟,赵永胜,王良书,等.大庆喇萨杏油田水力压裂人工裂缝形态研究[J].石油学报,2002,23(4):52~54.WANG Xiu-juan,ZHAO Yong-sheng,WANG Liang-shu,et al.Research on hydraulic fracturing artificial fracture morphology of the Lasaxing oilfield of Daqing[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2002,23(4):52~54.
[16]孙贻铃,王秀娟,周永炳.三肇凹陷扶杨油层岩石力学参数特征[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,20(4):19~20.SUN Yi-ling,WANG Xiu-juan,ZHOU Yong-bing.Rock mechanical parameter characteristic of Fuyang reservoir in Sanzhao depression[J].Daqing Petroleum Geology and Development,2001,20(4):19~20.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心