漳州台深井应变不变量同震响应分析
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摘要
在解决钻孔应变观测加衬模型的待定常数的基础上,巧妙地利用不变量与坐标系选择无关的性质,推导出了5组观测组合计算不变量的简洁表达式,并以玉树地震为例,选取漳州台深井观测系统的探头上、下端面8分量应变观测单元的观测资料,采用加衬模型分别根据探头上下端面的5组观测组合公式计算了地震当天的最大主应变、最小主应变、最大主应变相应的主方向、最大剪应变以及面应变与体应变分钟值,分别给出了探头上端面234观测组合在2010年玉树7.1级地震发震当天7h30m～9h30m时间窗内的上述不变量分钟值同震响应图像,最后对同震响应性质进行了分析,并对最大、最小主应变以及最大主应变相应的主方向的可靠性进行了讨论。
Based on how to solve for the constants determined in a borehole strain observations lining model,this paper uses one of the invariant's properties to derive five sets of the invariant's expression using observation data combination.The property is that the invariant has nothing to do with the coordination system selection.Then the paper applies it to the case in Yushu earthquake by selecting better observed datum at the upper and lower surfaces of a detector in an 8-component strain observing system.Then,this paper calculates the maximum and the minimum principal strains,principal strain directions,the maximum shear strain,the maximum strain on a surface and volumetric strain at minute interval.Briefly,this paper selects the datum at 2# 3# 4# from the upper surfaces of a detector within time window 7:30 ～ 9:30 when earthquake occurred resulting in co-seismic response for strain invariants,surface-strain and bulk-strain.Finally,this paper furthermore discusses properties of these co-seismic responses,as well as reliability of the result of maximum,minimum strain,and principal directions of maximum strain given in this paper.
Based on how to solve for the constants determined in a borehole strain observations lining model,this paper uses one of the invariant's properties to derive five sets of the invariant's expression using observation data combination.The property is that the invariant has nothing to do with the coordination system selection.Then the paper applies it to the case in Yushu earthquake by selecting better observed datum at the upper and lower surfaces of a detector in an 8-component strain observing system.Then,this paper calculates the maximum and the minimum principal strains,principal strain directions,the maximum shear strain,the maximum strain on a surface and volumetric strain at minute interval.Briefly,this paper selects the datum at 2# 3# 4# from the upper surfaces of a detector within time window 7:30 ～ 9:30 when earthquake occurred resulting in co-seismic response for strain invariants,surface-strain and bulk-strain.Finally,this paper furthermore discusses properties of these co-seismic responses,as well as reliability of the result of maximum,minimum strain,and principal directions of maximum strain given in this paper.
引文
[1](美)地壳运动测量专业委员会,构造形变测量[M],刘序俨,邹其嘉译,陈鑫连校,北京:地震出版社,1984.
[2]刘序俨,季颖锋,黄声明,等.地形变应变张量矩阵的不变量分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2011,31(4):66-70.
[3]潘立宙.与地应力测量有关的几个公式的推导和讨论[A].中国地质科学院,地质力学研究所,国家地震局地震地质大队.地应力测量的原理和应用[C].北京:地质出版社,1981.
[4]骆鸣津,池顺良,马鸿钧.地层绝对应力测量与钻孔应变测量[M].北京:地震出版社,2008.
[5]Jaeger JC,ERasticity.Fracture and Flow[M].London Methuen&co.1964.
[6]米恩斯.丁中一译,王仁校.应力与应变[M].北京:科学出版社,1982.
[7]P.梅尔基奥尔.杠品仁,吴庆鹏,陈益惠,等译.行星地球的固体潮[M].北京:科学出版社,1984.
[8]北京大学地球物理系,武汉测绘学院大地测量系,中国科学技术大学地球物理教研室编.重力与固体潮[M].北京:地震出版社,1982.
[9]方俊.固体潮[M].北京:科学出版社,1982.
[10]W.杨,R.布迪纳斯.岳珠峰,高竹山,王峰会译.应力应变公式手册[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
[11]池顺良.深井宽频钻孔应变地震仪与高频地震学-地震预测观测技术的发展方向,实现地震预报的希望[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(4):1164-1170.
[12]欧阳祖熙.RZB-1型电容器式地应变计[A].第一届全国地应力会议论文选编[C].北京:地震出版社,1977.
[13]欧阳祖熙.地壳形变深井综合观测技术的新进展[J].国际地震动态,2009,(11):1-13.
[14]李海亮,李宏.钻孔应变观测现状与展望[J].地质学报,2010,84(6):895-900.
[15]陈群策,李宏,廖椿庭,等.地应力测量与监测技术实验研究[J].地球学报,2011,32(supp.I):113-124.
[16]J.Longbein,J.R.Marray,H.A.Snyder.Coseismic and initial postseismic deformation from the 2004 Parkfield,Californica,Earthquake,observed by global positioning system,electronic distance meter,greepmeter,andbore hole strainmeters[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2006,96(4b):5304-5320
[17]J.S.Johston,R.D.Borcherdt,A.T.Linde,etal.Continuous borehole strain and pore pressure in the near fieldof the 28 September 2004 M6.0 Parkfield,California,Earthquake,implications of nucleation,faultresponse,earthquake prediction and tremor[J].Bulletion of the seismological Society of America,2006,96(4B):556-572.
[18]蒋靖祥,光华,王在华,等.新疆分量式钻孔应变阶变异常的统计特征及其在地震预测中的应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23:4072-4078.
[19]蒋靖祥,赖爱京.2003年12月1日中哈交界MS6.1级地震钻孔应变异常分析[J].四川地震,2005,114(1):24-28.
[2]刘序俨,季颖锋,黄声明,等.地形变应变张量矩阵的不变量分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2011,31(4):66-70.
[3]潘立宙.与地应力测量有关的几个公式的推导和讨论[A].中国地质科学院,地质力学研究所,国家地震局地震地质大队.地应力测量的原理和应用[C].北京:地质出版社,1981.
[4]骆鸣津,池顺良,马鸿钧.地层绝对应力测量与钻孔应变测量[M].北京:地震出版社,2008.
[5]Jaeger JC,ERasticity.Fracture and Flow[M].London Methuen&co.1964.
[6]米恩斯.丁中一译,王仁校.应力与应变[M].北京:科学出版社,1982.
[7]P.梅尔基奥尔.杠品仁,吴庆鹏,陈益惠,等译.行星地球的固体潮[M].北京:科学出版社,1984.
[8]北京大学地球物理系,武汉测绘学院大地测量系,中国科学技术大学地球物理教研室编.重力与固体潮[M].北京:地震出版社,1982.
[9]方俊.固体潮[M].北京:科学出版社,1982.
[10]W.杨,R.布迪纳斯.岳珠峰,高竹山,王峰会译.应力应变公式手册[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
[11]池顺良.深井宽频钻孔应变地震仪与高频地震学-地震预测观测技术的发展方向,实现地震预报的希望[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(4):1164-1170.
[12]欧阳祖熙.RZB-1型电容器式地应变计[A].第一届全国地应力会议论文选编[C].北京:地震出版社,1977.
[13]欧阳祖熙.地壳形变深井综合观测技术的新进展[J].国际地震动态,2009,(11):1-13.
[14]李海亮,李宏.钻孔应变观测现状与展望[J].地质学报,2010,84(6):895-900.
[15]陈群策,李宏,廖椿庭,等.地应力测量与监测技术实验研究[J].地球学报,2011,32(supp.I):113-124.
[16]J.Longbein,J.R.Marray,H.A.Snyder.Coseismic and initial postseismic deformation from the 2004 Parkfield,Californica,Earthquake,observed by global positioning system,electronic distance meter,greepmeter,andbore hole strainmeters[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2006,96(4b):5304-5320
[17]J.S.Johston,R.D.Borcherdt,A.T.Linde,etal.Continuous borehole strain and pore pressure in the near fieldof the 28 September 2004 M6.0 Parkfield,California,Earthquake,implications of nucleation,faultresponse,earthquake prediction and tremor[J].Bulletion of the seismological Society of America,2006,96(4B):556-572.
[18]蒋靖祥,光华,王在华,等.新疆分量式钻孔应变阶变异常的统计特征及其在地震预测中的应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23:4072-4078.
[19]蒋靖祥,赖爱京.2003年12月1日中哈交界MS6.1级地震钻孔应变异常分析[J].四川地震,2005,114(1):24-28.
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