应用综合震源机制解法推断南通市地壳应力场方向
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摘要
根据南通市及周边地震台2001-2011年的波形资料,拾取P波初动,应用综合震源机制解法研究了该地区的地壳应力场方向,在本研究中使用了1391个P波初动.而在计算中,我们根据每个地震离南通市距离的不同赋予其P波初动符号不同的权重,加权后P波初动数据的总权重为289.39,加权后的初动符号矛盾比为0.37.研究结果表明:主压应力轴方位和倾角分别为97°和53°;中间应力轴方位和倾角分别为196°和7°;主张应力轴方位和倾角分别为291°和36°.只搜索到一个最优解,说明研究数据的分辨率还是相当高的.南通市位于华北应力分区和华南应力分区之间,所得主压应力方位介于华北应力分区主压应力场方向NEE-EW和华南应力分区主压应力方向NWW之间,这体现了应力场的连续性.此外,主压应力轴倾角较大,其它两个应力轴倾角相对较小,和穿过南通市的NNW向正断性南通—上海断裂相吻合,反映了本研究结果的可靠性.
The P-wave first motion polarity was picked up according to the seismic waveform data,which was recorded by the seismic station of Nantong city and its adjacent area in 2001-2011,the crustal stress direction of Nantong was calculated by using the composite focal mechanism method.1391 P wave first motion data were used,we give each data a weight according to the distance between the earthquake and Nantong city,the total weight of the P wave first motion data is 289.39 after weighted,the P wave first motion contradictory ratio is 0.37 after weighted.The study results show that,the azimuth and dip angle of principal compressive stress axis are 97° and 53°,the azimuth and dip angle of middle principal stress axis are 196° and 7°,the azimuth and dip angle of principal extensional stress axis are 291° and 36°,respectively.Just one optimal solution was searched,shows that the resolution of research data is very high.The geographical location of Nantong city is between the tectonic stress region of north China and the tectonic stress region of south China,the azimuth of principal compressive stress axis we obtained is between the azimuth(NEE-EW) of principal compressive stress axis of north China stress region and the azimuth(NWW) of principal compressive stress axis of south China stress region,that reflects the continuity of the stress field.The dip angle of principal compressive stress axis is large,and the dip angle of the other two principal stress axes is relatively small,which is consistent with the normal fault of Nantong-Shanghai fault,the Nantong-Shanghai fault is through Nantong city,that reflect the reliability of our results.
The P-wave first motion polarity was picked up according to the seismic waveform data,which was recorded by the seismic station of Nantong city and its adjacent area in 2001-2011,the crustal stress direction of Nantong was calculated by using the composite focal mechanism method.1391 P wave first motion data were used,we give each data a weight according to the distance between the earthquake and Nantong city,the total weight of the P wave first motion data is 289.39 after weighted,the P wave first motion contradictory ratio is 0.37 after weighted.The study results show that,the azimuth and dip angle of principal compressive stress axis are 97° and 53°,the azimuth and dip angle of middle principal stress axis are 196° and 7°,the azimuth and dip angle of principal extensional stress axis are 291° and 36°,respectively.Just one optimal solution was searched,shows that the resolution of research data is very high.The geographical location of Nantong city is between the tectonic stress region of north China and the tectonic stress region of south China,the azimuth of principal compressive stress axis we obtained is between the azimuth(NEE-EW) of principal compressive stress axis of north China stress region and the azimuth(NWW) of principal compressive stress axis of south China stress region,that reflects the continuity of the stress field.The dip angle of principal compressive stress axis is large,and the dip angle of the other two principal stress axes is relatively small,which is consistent with the normal fault of Nantong-Shanghai fault,the Nantong-Shanghai fault is through Nantong city,that reflect the reliability of our results.
引文
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[2]李钦组,王泽皋,贾云年,等.由单台小地震资料所得两个区域的应力场[J].地球物理学报,1973,16(1):49-61.Li Q Z,Wang Z G,Jia Y N,et al.Stress field obtained fortwo regions from weak earthquake data recorded at a singleseismic station[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1973,16(1):49-61.
[3]许忠淮,刘玉芬,张郢珍.京、津、唐、张地区地震应力场的方向特征[J].地震学报,1979,1(2):121-132.Xu Z H,Liu Y F,Zhang Y Z.On the characteristic ofdirection of the earthquake stress field around the Beijing area[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),1979,1(2):121-132.
[4]许忠淮,阎明,赵仲和.由多个小地震推断的华北地区构造应力场的方向[J].地震学报,1983,5(3):268-279.Xu Z H,Yan M,Zhao Z H.Evaluation of the direction oftectonic stress in North China from recorded data of a largenumber of small earthquakes[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica(inChinese),1983,5(3):268-279.
[5]许忠淮,汪素云,黄雨蕊,等.由多个小震推断的青甘和川滇地区地壳应力场的方向特征[J].地球物理学报,1987,30(5):476-486.Xu Z H,Wang S Y,Huang Y R,et al.Directions of meanstress axes in southwestern China deduced frommicroearthquake data[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1987,30(5):476-486.
[6]许忠淮,汪素云,黄雨蕊,等.由大量的地震资料推断的我国大陆构造应力场[J].地球物理学报,1989,32(6):636-647.Xu Z H,Wang S Y,Huang Y R,et al.The tectonic stressfield of Chinese continent deduced from a great number ofearthquakes[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1989,32(6):636-647.
[7]薛宏运,鄢家全.鄂尔多斯地块周围的现代地壳应力场[J].地球物理学报,1984,27(2):144-152.Xue H Y,Yan J Q.The contemporary crustal stress fieldaround the Ordos block[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),1984,27(2):144-152.
[8]徐鸣洁,姜永基,周翠英.江苏及邻区现代应力场空间分布特征分析[J].中国地震,1996,12(4):383-388.Xu M J,Jiang Y J,Zhou C Y.Preliminary analysis for thespace distribution of present stress field in Jiangsu and itsadjacent area[J].Earthquake Research in China(in Chinese),1996,12(4):383-388.
[9]华祥文.唐山强震前后北京、天津周围地区应力的变化过程[J].地震学报,1980,2(2):130-146.Hua X W.Stress variations in the region around Beijing andTianjin before and after the 1976 Tangshan earthquake[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),1980,2(2):130-146.
[10]成尔林,李佳芳,陈和川.1976年四川省松潘——平武7.2级地震前后主压应力轴的方向特征[J].地震学报,1982,4(2):136-148.Cheng E L,Li G F,Chen H C.On the direction of themaximum compressive principal stress before and after the1976Songpan-Pingwu earthquake(M=7.2)of the Sichuanprovince[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),1982,4(2):136-148.
[11]阚荣举,刘祖英,王络晋,等.龙陵地区大地震前后平均应力轴取向的时间变化[J].地球物理学报,1983,26(6):564-573.Kan R J,Liu Z Y,Wang S J,et al.The temporal variationof the orientation of the mean stress axis both before andafter the strong Longling earthquake[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1983,26(6):564-573.
[12]汪素云,许忠淮.中国东部大陆的地震构造应力场[J].地震学报,1985,7(1):17-32.Wang S Y,Xu Z H.Seismo-tectonic stress field in east China[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),1985,7(1):17-32.
[13]Wan Y G.Contemporary tectonic stress field in China[J].Earthquake Science,2010,23(4):377-386.
[14]万永革,吴逸民,盛书中,等.P波极性数据所揭示的台湾地区三维应力结构的初步结果[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(11):2809-2818.Wan Y G,Wu Y M,Sheng S Z,et al.Preliminary result ofTaiwan 3-D stress field from P wave polarity data[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2011,54(11):2809-2818.
[15]滕吉文,张中杰,胡家富,等.中国东南大陆及陆缘地带的瑞利波频散与剪切波三维速度结构[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(5):663-677.Teng J W,Zhang Z J,Hu J F,et al.The Rayleigh wavedispersion and three dimensional velocity structure incontinent and its margin of southeast China[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2001,44(5):663-677.
[16]鄢家全,时振梁,汪素云,等.中国及邻区现代构造应力场的区域特征[J].地震学报,1979,1(1):9-24.Yan J Q,Shi Z L,Wang S Y,et al.Some features of therecent tectonic stress field of China and environs[J].ActaSeismologica Sinica(in Chinese),1979,1(1):9-24.
[17]张绍治,吴少武,刘仲方.江苏地区现代构造应力场特征[J].江苏地质,1989,(2):3-9.Zhang S Z,Wu S W,Liu Z F.Characteristics of moderntectonic stress field of Jiangsu province[J].Jiangsu Geology(in Chinese),1989,(2):3-9.
[18]谢富仁,崔效锋,赵建涛,等.中国大陆及邻区现代构造应力场分区[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(4):654-662.Xie F R,Cui X F,Zhao J T,et al.Regional division of therecent tectonic stress field in China and adjacent areas[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(4):654-662.
[19]吴晶,高原,石玉涛,等.基于地壳介质各向异性分析江苏及邻区构造应力特征[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(7):1622-1630.Wu J,Gao Y,Shi Y T,et al.Tectonic stress analysis basedon the crustal seismic anisotropy in Jiangsu and its adjacentarea[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2010,53(7):1622-1630.
[20]徐纪人,赵志新,石川有三.中国大陆地壳应力场与构造运动区域特征研究[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(3):770-781.Xu J R,Zhao Z X,Ishikawa Yuzo.Regional characteristicsof crustal stress field and tectonic motions in and aroundChinese mainland[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(3):770-781.
[21]范桃园,龙长兴,杨振宇,等.中国大陆现今地应力场黏弹性球壳数值模拟综合研究[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(4):1249-1260.Fan T Y,Long C X,Yang Z Y,et al.Comprehensivemodeling on the present crustal stress of China mainland withthe viscoelastic spherical shell[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),2012,55(4):1249-1260.
[22]Shen Z K,Jackson D D,Ge B X.Crustal deformation acrossand beyond the Los Angeles basin from geodeticmeasurements[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1996,101(B12):27957-27980.
[23]白志明,王椿镛.下扬子地壳P波速度结构:符离集-奉贤地震测深剖面再解释[J].科学通报,2006,51(21):2534-2541.Bai Z M,Wang C Y.The P wave velocity structure ofXiayangzi region:re-interpretation of the Fuliji-Fengxian DSSprofile[J].Chinese Science Bulletin(in Chinese),2006,51(21):2534-2541.
[24]吴少武,张绍治,许忠淮,等.根据钻孔崩落资料确定江苏地区深部地壳应力方向[C].//第二届全国岩石动力学学术会议论文选集.武汉:武汉测绘科技大学出版社,1990:276-287.Wu S W,Zhang S Z,Xu Z H,et al.The orientation ofcrustal stress determined from borehole breakouts in Jiangsuarea[C].//Proceedings of the Second National Confernce onRock Dynamics(in Chinese).Wuhan:Wuhan TechnicalUniversity of Surveying and Mapping Press,1990,276-287.
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