PS波合成记录制作方法分析及应用
详细信息 本馆镜像全文    |  推荐本文 | | 获取馆网全文
摘要
多波多分量地震资料解释工作要开展好,确定PS波地震剖面上的地质层位是致关重要的内容之一.实际多波勘探工区中VSP资料常常不充足,甚至缺乏,此时借助PS波合成记录进行PS波层位标定是标定PS波层位的有效方法.为了在实际多波资料解释工作中确定好PS波地震剖面上的地质层位,对中心角度法、角道集叠加法、偏移距道集叠加法、递推法、波动方程正演及伪转换横波反射系数法6种PS波合成记录方法的原理进行了分析.依据研究区的实际地质情况建立了理论模型,对比了6种方法合成PS波记录的效果,表明各种方法合成的PS波记录的波组波系特征相似,只有少许同相轴有能量、波形差异.在实际PS波资料层位标定工作中对6种方法进行了应用研究,表明波动方程正演法、偏移距道集叠加法计算慢,不便于在层位标定工作中使用.递推法、伪转换横波反射系数法速度最快,但振幅近似精度略差.中心角度法、角道集叠加法计算速度和精度都较适应在PS波剖面层位标定工作中使用,并对研究区实际PS波资料进行了较好的标定.同时也提出了在PS波层位标定工作中发展PS波合成记录方法的一些建议,以期PS波井震资料能匹配得更好.
In order to accomplish an interpretation of multi-wave multi-component seismic data,specification of geological horizons on PS wave seismic section is one of the vital content.When VSP data are insufficient,even lacking,at multi-wave multi-component exploration field,well-ties of PS wave with synthetic record of PS wave is an efficient method of specification of geological horizon of PS wave.In order to specify correctly geological horizon on real PS wave seismic section in the procedure of interpretation of PS wave,the principle of 6 methods of synthetic record of PS wave are analyzed.These methods include centre angle method,angle gather stack method,offset gather stack method,recursive method,elastic wave equation forward method and pseudo-PS wave reflection coefficients method.A theoretical model based on field geological conditions at research area is established.Model-based comparing of effects of 6 methods for well-ties of PS wave show that synthetic records of PS wave by these methods have the similar characteristics of wave group and wave system,and make only a few of difference of energy and waveform on a little of events.Application study of well-ties of field PS wave data show that forward method based on elastic wave equation and stack method of offset gather compute slowly and are not suitable for well-ties work in the procedure of interpretation of PS wave.Recursive method and pseudo-converted wave reflection coefficients method compute fast,but approximation of amplitudes has some more errors.Center angle method and stack method of angle gather have good compute velocity and accuracy of amplitude,which are suitable for specification of horizons on PS wave section.Well-ties of field PS wave data show a good correlation between synthetic record and seismic traces.Simultaneously,some advices are proposed to develop the method of synthetic records of PS wave on the work of specification of horizons of PS wave to obtain better well-ties of PS wave.
引文
[1]高磊,陈文超,王保利,高静怀.基于两步SVD变换的零偏VSP资料上下行波场分离方法[J].地球物理学报,2013,56(5):1667-1675,doi:10.6038/cjg20130524.GAO Lei,CHEN Wen-Chao,WANG Bao-Li,GAO Jing-Huai.Zero-offset VSP wavefield separation using Two-StepSVD approach[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2013,56(5):1667-1675,doi:10.6038/cjg20130524.
    [2]李文杰,曲寿利,魏修成,宁俊瑞.非零偏VSP弹性波叠前逆时深度偏移技术探讨[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(1):238-251,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.01.023.LI Wen-Jie,QU Shou-Li,WEI Xiu-Cheng,NING Jun-Rui.Discussion about reverse-time depth migration technology ofprestack elastic wavefield for offset VSP data[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2012,55(1):238-251,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.01.023.
    [3]陈生昌,王汉闯,陈林.三维VSP数据高效偏移成像的超道集方法[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(1):232-237,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.01.022.CHEN Sheng-Chang,WANG Han-Chuang,CHEN Lin.Ahigh efficient super-gather migration method for 3D VSP data[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2012,55(1):232-237,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.01.022.
    [4]刘守伟,王华忠,陈生昌,廖建平.VSP上下行反射波联合成像方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2012,(9):3126-3133,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.09.030.LIU Shou-Wei,WANG Hua-Zhong,CHEN Sheng-Chang,LIAO Jian-Ping.Joint imaging method of VSP upgoing anddowngoing reflection wave[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),2012,(9):3126-3133,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.09.030.
    [5]武银婷,朱光明,刘伊克,常旭.基于Ganley理论含有衰减特性零偏VSP正演研究及修正[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(9):2368-2374,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.09.020.WU Yin-Ting,ZHU Guang-Ming,LIU Yi-Ke,CHANG Xu.Research and modification of VSP attenuation characteristicsbased on Ganley’s forward theory[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),2011,54(9):2368-2374,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.09.020.
    [6]吴世萍,彭更新,黄录忠,胡天跃.基于虚源估计的复杂上覆地层下地震相干成像[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(7):1874-1882,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.07.021.WU Shi-Ping,PENG Geng-Xin,HUANG Lu-Zhong,HUTian-Yue.Seismic interferometry imaging based on virtualsource estimation with complex overburden[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2011,54(7):1874-1882,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.07.021.
    [7]李伍志,王璞珺,张功成,鲁宝亮.珠江口盆地深部基底地层的地震时深转换研究[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(2):449-456,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.02.023.LI Wu-Zhi,WANG Pu-Jun,ZHANG Gong-Cheng,LU Bao-Liang.Researches on time-depth conversion of deep-seatedbasal strata of Pearl River Mouth basin[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2011,54(2):449-456,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.02.023.
    [8]赵海波,陈百军,李奎周,成德安.黏弹性介质VSP记录模拟及在估算Q值研究中应用[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(2):329-335,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.02.008.ZHAO Hai-Bo,CHEN Bai-Jun,LI Kui-Zhou,CHENG De-An.VSP record numerical modeling in viscoelastic media andits application in the study of Q-value estimation method[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2011,54(2):329-335,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.02.008.
    [9]陈树民,王建民,王桂水,关昕,王元波,刘国友,丁吉丰.PP-PS协同反演技术预测大庆深层火山岩含气储层[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(2):280-285,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.02.002.CHEN Shu-Min,WANG Jian-Min,WANG Gui-Shui,GUANXin,WANG Yuan-Bo,LIU Guo-You,DING Ji-Feng.JointPP-PS inversion techniques and their application for predictinggas reservoir of deep volcanic in Daqing[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2011,54(2):280-285,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.02.002.
    [10]孙文博,孙赞东.基于伪谱法的VSP逆时偏移及其应用研究[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(9):2196-2203,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2010.09.020.SUN Wen-Bo,SUN Zan-Dong.VSP reverse time migrationbased on the pseudo-spectral method and its applications[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2010,53(9):2196-2203,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2010.09.020.
    [11]杜婧,王尚旭,刘国昌,刘洋.基于局部斜率属性的VSP波场分离研究[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(7):1867-1872.DU Jing,WANG Shang-Xu,LIU Guo-Chang,LIU Yang.VSPwavefield separation using local slopes attribute[J].ChineseJ.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(7):1867-1872.
    [12]高静怀,汪超,赵伟.用于零偏移距VSP资料的自适应波形反演方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(12):3091-3100,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.12.018.GAO Jing-Huai,WANG Chao,ZHAO Wei.On the method ofadaptive waveform inversion with zero-offset VSP data[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(12):3091-3100,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.12.018.
    [13]常旭,刘伊克,王辉,Ruiqing He.地震相干偏移与数据自参照偏移的关系[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(11):2840-2845,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.11.018.CHANG Xu,LIU Yi-Ke,WANG Hui,Ruiqing He.Seismicinterferometric migration and data-referenced-only migration[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(11):2840-2845,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.11.018.
    [14]曹丹平,印兴耀,张繁昌,孔庆丰.多尺度地震资料联合反演方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(4):1059-1067,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.04.023.CAO Dan-Ping,YIN Xing-Yao,ZHANG Fan-Chang,KONGQing-Feng.A study on the method of joint inversion ofmultiscale seismic data[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(4):1059-1067,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2009.04.023.
    [15]高静怀,杨森林.利用零偏移VSP资料估计介质品质因子方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(4):1198-1209.GAO Jing-Huai,YANG Sen-Lin.On the method of qualityfactors estimation from zero-offset VSP data[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(4):1198-1209.
    [16]牛滨华,何樵登,孙春岩.裂隙各向异性介质波场VSP多分量记录的数值模拟[J].地球物理学报,1995,38(04):519-527.NIU BIN-HUA,HE QIAO-DBNG,SUN CHUN-YAN.NUMERICAL MODELING OF VSP MULTICOMPONENTRECORDS IN CRACKS ANISOTROPIC MEDIUM[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1995,38(04):519-527.
    [17]季敏,陈双全.基于数据驱动的合成地震记录技术及其应用研究[J].石油物探,2011,50(4):373-377.Ji Min,Chen Shuangquan.Data-driven synthetic seismogramtechnique and its application[J].GPP,2011,50(4):373-377.
    [18]李国发,王尚旭,马彦彦.基于叠前波场模拟的合成地震记录层位标定[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2010,34(1):29-33.LIGuo-fa,WANG Shang-xu,MA Yan-yan.Well-ties withlog synthetic seismogram based on prestack wavefiledssimulation[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2010,34(1):29-33.
    [19]林伯香,胡中平,薛诗桂.利用变换深度域速度函数制作深度域合成地震记录[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(6):640-643.Lin Bo-xiang,Hu Zhong-ping and Xue Shi-gui.Usingvelocity function in transformed depth domain to makesynthetic seismograph in depth domain[J].OGP,2006,41(6):640-643.
    [20]张永华,陈萍,赵雨晴,等.基于合成记录的综合层位标定技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(1):92-96.Zhang Yong-hua,Chen Ping,Zhao Yu-qing,et al.Integrativelayer-labeling technique based on syn-thetic seismogram[J].OGP,2004,39(1):92-96.
    [21]刘财,谢靖,韩道范,等.用Stokes方程的差分方法制作合成地震记录[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(3):230-236.Liu Cai,Xie Jing,Han Daofan,et al.Producing seismogramusing difference method of Stokes equation[J].OGP,2002,37(3):230-236.
    [22]李金磊,屈大鹏,陈祖庆.分时窗多子波方法在制作高精度合成记录中地应用[J].物探化探计算技术,2011,V33(1):40-44.LI Jin-lei,QU Da-peng,CHEN Zu-qing.APPLICATION OFTIME-WINDOW AND MULTI-WAVELET METHOD INPRODUCING THE HIGH PRECISION SYNTHETICSEISMOGRAM[J].COMPUTING TECHNIQUES FORGEOPHYSICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION,2011,33(1):40-44.
    [23]M.Tria,M.van der Baan,A.Larue et al.Wavelet estimationand blind deconvolution of realistic synthetic seismic data bylog spectral averaging.SEG Expanded Abstracts 26,2007,1982-1986
    [24]曾正明.合成地震记录层位标定方法改进[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(5):576-578.Zeng Zheng-ming.Improving horizons-labeling method onseismic synthetic records[J].OGP,2005,40(5):576-578.
    [25]李大卫,尹成,熊晓军,等.高阶谱混合方法地震子波估计及处理[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(1):29-33.LI Da-wei,YIN Cheng,XIONG Xiao-jun,et al.A hybridhigh-order spectrum method for Seismic wavelet estimationand processing.Progress in Geophysics.(in Chinese),2005,V20(1):29-33.
    [26]孙振涛,孟宪军,慎国强,等.高精度合成地震记录制作技术研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(6):640-643.Sun Zhentao,Meng Xianjun,Shen Guoqiang,Niu Xuemin,JiYuxin,Wang Yumei.The technology of making high-precisionsynthetic seismogram[J].OGP,2002,37(6):640-643.
    [27]杨占龙,沙雪梅.储层预测中层位-储层的精细标定方法[J].石油物探,2005,v44(6):627-631.Yang Zhanlong,Sha Xuemei.A fine calibration on horizonsand reservoir in reservoir prediction[J].GPP,2005,44(6):627-631.
    [28]石玉.塔河油田合成地震记录的制作及应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(4):400-403.Shi Yu.The construction of synthetic seismogram and itsapplication in Tahe Oilfield[J].GPP,2004,43(4):400-403.
    [29]靳玲,苏桂芝,刘桂兰,等.合成地震记录制作的影响因素及对策[J].石油物探,2004,43(3):267-271.Jin Line,Su Guizhi,Liu Guilan,et al.Influencing factors inmaking synthetic seismogram and counter measures[J].GPP,2004,V43(3):267-271.
    [30]Rick Box,Les Maxwell,Dennis Loren.Interpreter’s Corner—Excellent synthetic seismograms through the use of editedlogs:Lake Borgne Area,Louisiana,U.S[J].The LeadingEdge 2004,23(3):218-223
    [31]Rick Box,Paul Lowrey.Interpreter’s corner—Reconcilingsonic logs with check-shot surveys:Stretching syntheticseismograms[J].The Leading Edge,2003,22(6),510-517
    [32]Steve Henry.Pitfalls in synthetics[J].The Leading Edge,2000,V19(6):604-606
    [33]郑海山,张中杰.横向各向同性(VTI)介质中非线性地震波场模拟[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(3):660-671.Zheng H S,Zhang Z J.Synthetic seismograms of nonlinearseismic waves in anisotropic(VTI)media[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(3):660-671.
    [34]Mrinal K.Sen,Subhashis Mallick.Pre-stack multi-componentsynthetic seismograms in layered anisotropic media.SEGExpanded Abstracts 22,2003,2441-2444
    [35]杜丽英,刘国明,杜丽娟,等.VTI介质中地震波反射波合成记录的方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2001,16(2):58-64.DU Li-ying,LIU Guo-ming,DU Li-juan et al..THEMETHOD OF SEISMIC AND REFLECTION WAVESYNTHETIC SEISMOGRAM IN VTI MEDIA[J].Progressin Geophysics.(in Chinese),2001,V16(2):58-64.
    [36]Stewart R R.Rapid map and inversion of P-SV waves[J].Geophyiscs,1991,V56(6):859-862.
    [37]Thomson,W.Transmission of elastic waves through a stratifiedsolid medium[J].Journal of Applied Physics,1950,21,89.
    [38]Kennett,B.L.N.Theoretical reflection seismograms forelastic media.Geophysical Prospecting,1979,27,301-321.
    [39]罗焕章,季玉新,王秀玲,等.转换横波合成记录制作方法[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2010,34(1):37-45.LUO Huan-zhang,JI Yu-xin,WANG Xiu-ling,et al..Making P-SV shear wave synthetic seismic record[J].Journalof China University of Petroleum,2010,34(1):37-40.
    [40]Keiiti Aki,Paul G.Richards.Quantitative seismology SecondEdition[M].University Science Books,2002,147-148
    [41]魏修成,刘洋.高精度转换波速度分析.石油勘探与开发,2000,27(2):57-59.Wei Xiu-Cheng,LIU yang.High precision velocity analysisof converted wave[J].Shiyou Kantan Yu Kaifa,2000,V27(2),57-59.
    [42]Simmons,J.L.,and Backus,M.M.AVO modeling and thelocally converted shear wave.Geophysics,1994,V59(8):1237-1248.

版权所有:© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心