页岩气储层纵横波叠前联合反演方法
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摘要
杨氏模量与密度乘积(Eρ)能够突显页岩气储层的异常特征,泊松比能够指示储层的含流体性.与常规叠前弹性参数反演相比,基于Eρ、泊松比和密度的叠前纵横波联合反演可以获得更加精确的弹性参数,为页岩气储层识别和流体预测提供可靠的依据.首先,推导了基于Eρ、泊松比和密度的纵波和转换波反射系数近似方程,利用典型模型对新推导的反射系数方程做精度分析,当入射角小于30°时,新推导的反射系数公式具有较高的精度;其次,充分利用纵波和转换波的信息,在贝叶斯的框架下,建立叠前纵横波联合反演流程,进行Eρ、泊松比和密度的直接反演,避免了间接反演带来的累积误差;最后,利用实际工区井模型数据进行算法测试,结果表明,该反演方法所获得的Eρ、泊松比和密度的估计值与真实值吻合较好,满足精细地震反演的精度要求.
The product of Young′s modulus and density can highlight abnormal characteristic of shale gas reservoirs.Poisson ratio can indicate fluid property.Compared with conventional prestack elastic parameter inversion,pre-stack joint inversion based on the product of Young′s modulus and density,Poisson ratio and density can achieve more accurate elastic parameters,and provide reliable geophysical basis for shale gas reservoir identification and fluid prediction.First,this paper deduces PP wave and P-SV wave approximate reflection coefficient(RC)based on the product of Young′s modulus and density,Poisson ratio and density.And it uses the typical model to test accuracy of newly derived RC equation.It shows that the new RC equation has a high precision when the incident angle is less than 30 degree.Then,this work constructs pre-stack joint inversion workflow under the framework of Bayes theorem to invert the product of Young′s modulus and density,Poisson ratio and density directly,considering PP and PS wave information.And it avoids error accumulation from indirect inversion.Finally,this study tests the method usingawell model of a real project.The results indicate that the inverted product of Young′s modulus and density,Poisson ratio and density of joint pre-stack inversion can fit very well with the original curves and can meet the accuracy of subtle seismic inversion.
The product of Young′s modulus and density can highlight abnormal characteristic of shale gas reservoirs.Poisson ratio can indicate fluid property.Compared with conventional prestack elastic parameter inversion,pre-stack joint inversion based on the product of Young′s modulus and density,Poisson ratio and density can achieve more accurate elastic parameters,and provide reliable geophysical basis for shale gas reservoir identification and fluid prediction.First,this paper deduces PP wave and P-SV wave approximate reflection coefficient(RC)based on the product of Young′s modulus and density,Poisson ratio and density.And it uses the typical model to test accuracy of newly derived RC equation.It shows that the new RC equation has a high precision when the incident angle is less than 30 degree.Then,this work constructs pre-stack joint inversion workflow under the framework of Bayes theorem to invert the product of Young′s modulus and density,Poisson ratio and density directly,considering PP and PS wave information.And it avoids error accumulation from indirect inversion.Finally,this study tests the method usingawell model of a real project.The results indicate that the inverted product of Young′s modulus and density,Poisson ratio and density of joint pre-stack inversion can fit very well with the original curves and can meet the accuracy of subtle seismic inversion.
引文
Aki K,Richards P G.1980.Quantitative Seismology Theory andMethods.San Francisco:W.H.Freeman and Company.
Buland A,More H.2003.Bayesian linearized AVO inversion.Geophysics,68(1):185-198.
Chen J J,Yin X Y.2007.Three-parameter AVO waveforminversion based on Bayesian theorem.Chinese Journal ofGeophysics(in Chinese),50(4):1251-1260.
Chen J S,Glinsky M E.2013.Stochastic inversion of seismic PPand PS data for reservoir parameter estimation.SEG TechnicalProgram Expanded Abstracts,305-309.
Chen T S,Liu Y,Wei X C.2006.Joint amplitude versus offsetinversion of P-P and P-SV seismic data.Journal of ChinaUniversity of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science)(inChinese),26(1):33-37.
Chopra S,Sharma R K,Keay J,et al.2012.Shale gas reservoircharacterization workflows.SEG Technical Program ExpandedAbstracts,1344-1348.
Downtown J E,Pickford S,Lines L R.2001.Constrained threeparameter AVO inversion and uncertainty analysis.SEG TechnicalProgram Expanded Abstracts,251-254.
Helen V,LandrM.Simultaneous inversion of PP and PS seismicdata.Geophysics,2006,71(3):R1-R10.
Hu G Q,Liu Y,Wei X C,et al.2011.Joint PP and PS AVOinversion based on Bayes theorem.Applied Geophysics,8(4):293-302.
Huang H D,Zhao D,Ren D Z,et al.2011.A thin bed inversionmethod based on Bayes theory.Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),46(6):919-924.
Larsen J A.1999.AVO inversion by simultaneous P-P and P-Sinversion[Master′s thesis].Calgary:University of Calgary,9-37.
Sharma R K,Chopra S.2013.New attribute for determination oflithology and brittleness.CSEG Recorder,44-47.
Sun Z D,Jia C Z,Li X F,et al.2011.Unconventional Oil and GasExploration and Development(in Chinese).Beijing:Publication of Petroleum Industry,865-970.
Zhang G Z,Wang D Y,Yin X Y,et al.2011a.Study on prestackseismic inversion using Markov Chain Monte Carlo.ChineseJournal of Geophysics(in Chinese),54(11):2926-2932,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.11.022.
Zhang G Z,Wang D Y,Yin X Y.2011b.Seismic Parameterestimation using Markov Chain Monte Carlo method.OilGeophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),46(4):605-609.
Zong Z Y,Yin X Y,Wu G C.2011.Reflection coefficient equationand pre-stack seismic inversion with Young′modulus andPoisson ration.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),55(1):284-292,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.11.025.
Zong Z Y,Yin X Y,Zhang F,et al.2012.Fluid identificationmethod based on compressional and shear wave modulus directinversion.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),55(11):3786-3794,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.01.028.
陈建江,印兴耀.2007.基于贝叶斯理论的AVO三参数波形反演.地球物理学报,50(4):1251-1260.
陈天胜,刘洋,魏修成.2006.纵波和转换波联合AVO反演方法研究.中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),26(1):33-37.
黄捍东,赵迪,任敦占等.2011.基于贝叶斯理论的薄层反演方法.石油地球物理勘探,46(6):919-924.
孙赞东,贾承造,李相方等.2011.非常规油气勘探与开发.北京:石油工业出版社,865-970.
张广智,王丹阳,印兴耀等.2011a.基于MCMC的叠前地震反演方法研究.地球物理学报,54(11):2926-2932,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.11.022.
张广智,王丹阳,印兴耀.2011b.利用MCMC方法估算地震参数.石油地球物理勘探,46(4):605-609.
宗兆云,印兴耀,张峰等.2012.杨氏模量和泊松比反射系数近似方程及叠前地震反演.地球物理学报,55(11):3786-3794,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.11.025.
宗兆云,印兴耀,吴国忱.2011.基于叠前地震纵横波模量直接反演的流体检测方法.地球物理学报,55(1):284-292,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.01.028.
Buland A,More H.2003.Bayesian linearized AVO inversion.Geophysics,68(1):185-198.
Chen J J,Yin X Y.2007.Three-parameter AVO waveforminversion based on Bayesian theorem.Chinese Journal ofGeophysics(in Chinese),50(4):1251-1260.
Chen J S,Glinsky M E.2013.Stochastic inversion of seismic PPand PS data for reservoir parameter estimation.SEG TechnicalProgram Expanded Abstracts,305-309.
Chen T S,Liu Y,Wei X C.2006.Joint amplitude versus offsetinversion of P-P and P-SV seismic data.Journal of ChinaUniversity of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science)(inChinese),26(1):33-37.
Chopra S,Sharma R K,Keay J,et al.2012.Shale gas reservoircharacterization workflows.SEG Technical Program ExpandedAbstracts,1344-1348.
Downtown J E,Pickford S,Lines L R.2001.Constrained threeparameter AVO inversion and uncertainty analysis.SEG TechnicalProgram Expanded Abstracts,251-254.
Helen V,LandrM.Simultaneous inversion of PP and PS seismicdata.Geophysics,2006,71(3):R1-R10.
Hu G Q,Liu Y,Wei X C,et al.2011.Joint PP and PS AVOinversion based on Bayes theorem.Applied Geophysics,8(4):293-302.
Huang H D,Zhao D,Ren D Z,et al.2011.A thin bed inversionmethod based on Bayes theory.Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),46(6):919-924.
Larsen J A.1999.AVO inversion by simultaneous P-P and P-Sinversion[Master′s thesis].Calgary:University of Calgary,9-37.
Sharma R K,Chopra S.2013.New attribute for determination oflithology and brittleness.CSEG Recorder,44-47.
Sun Z D,Jia C Z,Li X F,et al.2011.Unconventional Oil and GasExploration and Development(in Chinese).Beijing:Publication of Petroleum Industry,865-970.
Zhang G Z,Wang D Y,Yin X Y,et al.2011a.Study on prestackseismic inversion using Markov Chain Monte Carlo.ChineseJournal of Geophysics(in Chinese),54(11):2926-2932,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.11.022.
Zhang G Z,Wang D Y,Yin X Y.2011b.Seismic Parameterestimation using Markov Chain Monte Carlo method.OilGeophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),46(4):605-609.
Zong Z Y,Yin X Y,Wu G C.2011.Reflection coefficient equationand pre-stack seismic inversion with Young′modulus andPoisson ration.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),55(1):284-292,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.11.025.
Zong Z Y,Yin X Y,Zhang F,et al.2012.Fluid identificationmethod based on compressional and shear wave modulus directinversion.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),55(11):3786-3794,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.01.028.
陈建江,印兴耀.2007.基于贝叶斯理论的AVO三参数波形反演.地球物理学报,50(4):1251-1260.
陈天胜,刘洋,魏修成.2006.纵波和转换波联合AVO反演方法研究.中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),26(1):33-37.
黄捍东,赵迪,任敦占等.2011.基于贝叶斯理论的薄层反演方法.石油地球物理勘探,46(6):919-924.
孙赞东,贾承造,李相方等.2011.非常规油气勘探与开发.北京:石油工业出版社,865-970.
张广智,王丹阳,印兴耀等.2011a.基于MCMC的叠前地震反演方法研究.地球物理学报,54(11):2926-2932,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.11.022.
张广智,王丹阳,印兴耀.2011b.利用MCMC方法估算地震参数.石油地球物理勘探,46(4):605-609.
宗兆云,印兴耀,张峰等.2012.杨氏模量和泊松比反射系数近似方程及叠前地震反演.地球物理学报,55(11):3786-3794,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.11.025.
宗兆云,印兴耀,吴国忱.2011.基于叠前地震纵横波模量直接反演的流体检测方法.地球物理学报,55(1):284-292,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.01.028.
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