活动构造数据库建设相关问题的研究
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摘要
在回顾国内外活动断层数据库发展概况的基础上,介绍了基于"中国地震活动断层探测技术系统"项目建设,并随着"中国地震重点监视防御区活动断层地震危险性评价"、"中国地震活断层探察"等项目的开展不断完善的,基于ArcGIS的活动构造数据库的设计理念,基于活动断层探察的工作流程研究设计的活动构造数据库模板主体框架与建设方案,为活动构造数据库建设配套研发的数据批量入库软件、数据质量检测软件;讨论了活动构造数据库建设过程中出现数据偏差的主要问题的根源,分析了数据库建设对活动断层探察工作精细化、标准化的促进作用,及与活动断层探察工作同期开展数据库建设的益处。
The goal of the exploration to active fault is to understand its activities,relative parameters,the spatial distribution characteristics and its deep structures. There're three major stages for active fault exploration,namely, preparation stage,exploration stage and analysis stage. The construction of the database for each of these stages has different focus. Based on the review of other articles about the development of active Fault database from international sources,the paper introduces the construction of databases based on the Technological System of China Earthquake Active fault Exploration project. And along with the development and implementation of the projects such as ‘Seismic Risk Assessment of Active fault in Key Earthquake Monitoring Areas in China’,‘China Earthquake Active Fault Exploration’, so on,database templates corresponding to each of the stages of active fault exploration are worked out according to the design idea,architecture and implementation of ArcGIS-based active fault database and the work procedure for active fault exploration. The main functions of the bulk storage software and data quality monitoring software developed for the construction of the database are introduced. Due to the numerous data and the extensive sources as well as the complexity of the data acquisition during the building of database,there are chances to have either manual or systemic errors,and moreover,the data quality might be impacted,resulting in a database failing to represent the real activities of the active faults. On the other hand,the data stored in the database lacks consistency and integrity,thus,the database is ineffective and opposite to the original intention of its construction. The paper analyzes the main data sources used to establish the active fault database and the causes for generating low quality data,and discusses the advantages for building the active fault database simultaneously along with the implementation of active fault exploration.
The goal of the exploration to active fault is to understand its activities,relative parameters,the spatial distribution characteristics and its deep structures. There're three major stages for active fault exploration,namely, preparation stage,exploration stage and analysis stage. The construction of the database for each of these stages has different focus. Based on the review of other articles about the development of active Fault database from international sources,the paper introduces the construction of databases based on the Technological System of China Earthquake Active fault Exploration project. And along with the development and implementation of the projects such as ‘Seismic Risk Assessment of Active fault in Key Earthquake Monitoring Areas in China’,‘China Earthquake Active Fault Exploration’, so on,database templates corresponding to each of the stages of active fault exploration are worked out according to the design idea,architecture and implementation of ArcGIS-based active fault database and the work procedure for active fault exploration. The main functions of the bulk storage software and data quality monitoring software developed for the construction of the database are introduced. Due to the numerous data and the extensive sources as well as the complexity of the data acquisition during the building of database,there are chances to have either manual or systemic errors,and moreover,the data quality might be impacted,resulting in a database failing to represent the real activities of the active faults. On the other hand,the data stored in the database lacks consistency and integrity,thus,the database is ineffective and opposite to the original intention of its construction. The paper analyzes the main data sources used to establish the active fault database and the causes for generating low quality data,and discusses the advantages for building the active fault database simultaneously along with the implementation of active fault exploration.
引文
①美国地质调查局活动断层数据库:http:∥geohazards.usgs.gov/cfusion/qfault/,2012.08.16。
②新西兰活动断层数据库:http:∥data.gns.cri.nz/af/index.jsp,2012.08.16。
葛孚刚,王冬雷,王志才,等.2011.山东省1︰20万活断层数据库建设[J].土工基础,25(3):64—67.GE Fu-gang,WANG Dong-lei,WANG Zhi-cai,et al.2011.1︰200000-scale active fault database in Shandong Province[J].Soil Engineering and Foundation,25(3):64—67(in Chinese).
葛伟鹏,袁道阳,郭华.2006.对城市活断层探测项目中地震地质数据建模的探讨[J].西北地震学报,28(2):134—139.GE Wei-peng,YUAN Dao-yang,GUO Hua.2006.Discussion on seismogeologic data modeling for urban active fault sur-veying project[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,28(2):134—139(in Chinese).
李策,杜云艳,于贵华,等.2008.基于ArcGIS的地震活断层多源数据组织与管理研究[J].地球信息科学,10(6):716—723.LI Ce,DU Yun-yan,YU Gui-hua,et al.2008.A study on organizing and managing multi-source seismic active fault databased on ArcGIS[J].Ceo-information Science,10(6):716—723(in Chinese).
刘娜,张建国,毛燕,等.2009.活断层数据库在昆明市防震减灾工作中的应用研究[J].地震研究,32(B12):503—506.LIU Na,ZHANG Jian-guo,MAO Yan,et al.2009.Application of information database of active faults in Kunming'searthquake preparedness and disaster reduction work[J].Journal of Seismological Research,32(B12):503—506(in Chinese).
柔洁,刘云华,傅长海.2008.乌鲁木齐市活断层数据库在城市建设中的作用[J].内陆地震,22(3):193—202.ROU Jie,LIU Yun-hua,FU Chang-hai.2008.The function of Urumqi City active fault database in urban construction[J].Inland Earthquake,22(3):193—202(in Chinese).
于贵华,邓起东,邬伦,等.1996.利用GIS系统建立中国活动断裂信息咨询分析系统[J].地震地质,18(2):156—160.YU Gui-hua,DENG Qi-dong,WU Lun,et al.1996.Building Chinese active fault information system using GIS system[J].Seismology and Geology,18(2):156—160(in Chinese).
于贵华,徐锡伟,孙怡,等.2006,城市活断层探测信息系统的设计与实现:以福州市活断层信息管理系统为例[J].地震地质,28(4):656—662.YU Gui-hua,XU Xi-wei,SUN Yi,et al.2006.Design and implement an urban active fault information management sys-tem[J].Seismology and Geology,28(4):656—662(in Chinese).
张兰凤,于贵华,李陈侠,等.2007.用ArcGIS实现利用1/20万地质图编绘1/25万区域地震构造图的方法[J].地震地质,29(2):412—417.ZHANG Lan-feng,YU Gui-hua,LI Chen-xia,et al.2007.Compiling the1︰250000regional seismotectonic map usingthe1︰200000geologic maps with ArcGIS method[J].Seismology and Geology,29(2):412—417(in Chinese).
Haller K M.2003.Quaternary fault and fold database of the United States[A].In:CR USGS GOV,2003Seattle An-nual Meeting(November2-5,2003),Paper No.175—6.
Kathleen M H,Michael N M,Richard L D,et al.2004.US Quaternary fault and fold database released[J].EOS,Transactions,American Geophysical Union,85(22):218.doi:10.1029/2004EO220004.
②新西兰活动断层数据库:http:∥data.gns.cri.nz/af/index.jsp,2012.08.16。
葛孚刚,王冬雷,王志才,等.2011.山东省1︰20万活断层数据库建设[J].土工基础,25(3):64—67.GE Fu-gang,WANG Dong-lei,WANG Zhi-cai,et al.2011.1︰200000-scale active fault database in Shandong Province[J].Soil Engineering and Foundation,25(3):64—67(in Chinese).
葛伟鹏,袁道阳,郭华.2006.对城市活断层探测项目中地震地质数据建模的探讨[J].西北地震学报,28(2):134—139.GE Wei-peng,YUAN Dao-yang,GUO Hua.2006.Discussion on seismogeologic data modeling for urban active fault sur-veying project[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,28(2):134—139(in Chinese).
李策,杜云艳,于贵华,等.2008.基于ArcGIS的地震活断层多源数据组织与管理研究[J].地球信息科学,10(6):716—723.LI Ce,DU Yun-yan,YU Gui-hua,et al.2008.A study on organizing and managing multi-source seismic active fault databased on ArcGIS[J].Ceo-information Science,10(6):716—723(in Chinese).
刘娜,张建国,毛燕,等.2009.活断层数据库在昆明市防震减灾工作中的应用研究[J].地震研究,32(B12):503—506.LIU Na,ZHANG Jian-guo,MAO Yan,et al.2009.Application of information database of active faults in Kunming'searthquake preparedness and disaster reduction work[J].Journal of Seismological Research,32(B12):503—506(in Chinese).
柔洁,刘云华,傅长海.2008.乌鲁木齐市活断层数据库在城市建设中的作用[J].内陆地震,22(3):193—202.ROU Jie,LIU Yun-hua,FU Chang-hai.2008.The function of Urumqi City active fault database in urban construction[J].Inland Earthquake,22(3):193—202(in Chinese).
于贵华,邓起东,邬伦,等.1996.利用GIS系统建立中国活动断裂信息咨询分析系统[J].地震地质,18(2):156—160.YU Gui-hua,DENG Qi-dong,WU Lun,et al.1996.Building Chinese active fault information system using GIS system[J].Seismology and Geology,18(2):156—160(in Chinese).
于贵华,徐锡伟,孙怡,等.2006,城市活断层探测信息系统的设计与实现:以福州市活断层信息管理系统为例[J].地震地质,28(4):656—662.YU Gui-hua,XU Xi-wei,SUN Yi,et al.2006.Design and implement an urban active fault information management sys-tem[J].Seismology and Geology,28(4):656—662(in Chinese).
张兰凤,于贵华,李陈侠,等.2007.用ArcGIS实现利用1/20万地质图编绘1/25万区域地震构造图的方法[J].地震地质,29(2):412—417.ZHANG Lan-feng,YU Gui-hua,LI Chen-xia,et al.2007.Compiling the1︰250000regional seismotectonic map usingthe1︰200000geologic maps with ArcGIS method[J].Seismology and Geology,29(2):412—417(in Chinese).
Haller K M.2003.Quaternary fault and fold database of the United States[A].In:CR USGS GOV,2003Seattle An-nual Meeting(November2-5,2003),Paper No.175—6.
Kathleen M H,Michael N M,Richard L D,et al.2004.US Quaternary fault and fold database released[J].EOS,Transactions,American Geophysical Union,85(22):218.doi:10.1029/2004EO220004.
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