天水地电阻率地表与井下多种观测方式的试验分析
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摘要
2011年初天水地震台建成井下地电阻率观测专项项目,将地电水平观测推向了立体观测,其观测方式包括地表水平观测井下百米水平观测、地表与井下互换观测等。通过近两年的持续观测,地表A、B供电井下M、N观测以及井下水平观测两种方法获得的数据相对稳定、可靠;同时地表A、B供电井下M、N观测有助于数据变化的可靠性分析。在电磁环境较复杂的观测场地,地表A、B供电井下M、N观测和井下水平观测可能是地电阻率观测较为有效的两种方法。
In early 2011,Tianshui seismic station of Gansu province developed a special project for observation on deep-well geoelectrical resistivity,which pushed the horizontal geoelectrical observation to stereo observation.The methods include surface horizontal observation,deep-well horizontal observation,and the electrode interchange-able test between surface and deep-well observation.Through continuous observation in past two years,data obtained by two methods which are deep-well M、N observation supplied power by surface A、B and deep-well horizontal observation is relatively stable and reliable.Meanwhile,deep-well M 、N observation supplied power by surface A、B could contribute to reliability analysis on data changes.At observation sites where electromagnetic environment is more complex,deep-well M、N observation supplied power by surface A、B and deep-well horizontal observation may be two effective methods.
In early 2011,Tianshui seismic station of Gansu province developed a special project for observation on deep-well geoelectrical resistivity,which pushed the horizontal geoelectrical observation to stereo observation.The methods include surface horizontal observation,deep-well horizontal observation,and the electrode interchange-able test between surface and deep-well observation.Through continuous observation in past two years,data obtained by two methods which are deep-well M、N observation supplied power by surface A、B and deep-well horizontal observation is relatively stable and reliable.Meanwhile,deep-well M 、N observation supplied power by surface A、B could contribute to reliability analysis on data changes.At observation sites where electromagnetic environment is more complex,deep-well M、N observation supplied power by surface A、B and deep-well horizontal observation may be two effective methods.
引文
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[12]解滔,杜学彬,陈军营,等.井下地电阻率观测中地表电流干扰影响计算[J].地球物理学进展,2012,27(1):112-121.XIE Tao,DU Xue-bin,CHEN Jun-ying,et al.Calculation forthe influence from the surface disturbance current in the deep-well geoelectrical resistivity observation[J].Progress in Geo-physics,2012,27(1):112-121.
[13]谭大诚.地电观测中工频干扰的分析[A]∥石特临,陈有发,李清河.地震地电学发展与展望[G].兰州:兰州大学出版社,1998:176-183.TAN Da-cheng.Analysis on Powerline Interference in the Ge-oelectric Observation[A]∥SHI Te-lin,CHEN You-fa,LIQing-he.Development and Prospects of Seismic Geoelectrics[G].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University Press,1998:176-183.
[14]谭大诚,苏明达,张世中,等.地电仪工作可靠性和抗干扰的研究[J].西北地震学报,2000,22(2):177-181.TAN Da-cheng,SU Ming-da,ZHANG Shi-zhong,et al.Stud-y on Reliability and Anti-interference Capacity of Digital Geo-electrical Equipment[J].Norhewestern Seismological Journal,2000,22(2):177-181.
[15]谭大诚,杜学彬,马占虎,等.稳流源与地电阻率观测系统可靠性的关联[J].地震研究,2005,28(2):202-206.TAN Da-cheng,DU Xue-bin,MA zhan-hu,et al.Effect ofRegulated Current Supply on the Reliability of Apparent Resis-tivity Measuring System[J].Journal of Seismological Re-search,2005,28(2):202-206.
[16]国家地震局科技监测司.地震电磁观测技术[M].北京:地震出版社,1995:39-49.Technology and Monitoring Department,State EarthquakeAdministration.Seismic Electromagnetic Observation Tech-niques[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1995:39-49.
[17]中国地震局监测预报司.地震电磁学理论基础与观测技术(试用本)[M].北京:地震出版社,2010:18-126.Monitoring and Predicting Department,China Earthquake Ad-ministration.Theoretical Basis and Observation Techniques ofSeismic Electromagnetics(Trial edition)[M].Beijing:Seismo-logical Press,2010:18-126.
[18]解滔,杜学彬,陈军营,等.井下地电阻率观测中地表电流干扰影响计算[J].地球物理学进展,2012,27(1):112-121.XIE Tao,DU Xue-bin,CHEN Jun-ying,et al.Calculation forthe influence from the surface disturbance current in the deep-well geoelectrical resistivity observation[J].Progress in Geo-physics,2012,27(1):112-121.
[19]解滔,杜学彬,郑国磊,等水平两层均匀介质中井下电阻率观测信噪比的理论计算[J].西北地震学报,2012,34(1):18-22.XIE tao,DU Xue-bin,ZHENG Guo-lei,et al.TheoreticalCalculation for the Signal Noise Ratio of the Underground E-lectric Resistivity Observation in the Two-layered HorizontalHomogeneous Medium[J].Norhewestern Seismological Jour-nal,2012,34(1):18-22.
[20]徐文耀.Sq发电机电流的逐日变化和Sq指数[J].地球物理学报,1992,35(6):676-683.XU Wen-yao.Day-to-day Variability of the SqDynamo Cur-rents and SqIndex[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1992,35(6):676-683.
[21]谭大诚,赵家骝,席继楼,等.潮汐地电场特征及机理研究[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(3):544-555.TAN Da-cheng,ZHAO Jia-liu,XI Ji-lou,et al.A Study onFeature and Mechanism of the Tidal Geoelectrical Field[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2010,53(3):544-555
[2]钱家栋,陈有发,金安忠.地电阻率法在地震预报中的应用[M].北京:地震出版社,1985:226-266.QIAN Jia-dong,CHEN You-fa,JIN An-zhong.The Applica-tion of Geoelectric Resistivity in Earthquake Prediction[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1985:226-266.
[3]钱家栋,马钦忠,李劭秾.汶川Ms8.0地震前成都台NE测线地电阻率异常的进一步研究[J].地震学报,2013,35(1):4-17.QIAN Jia-dong,MA Qin-zhong,LI Shao-nong.Further Re-search on Anomalies of NE Survey Line at Chengdu Seismic Sta-tion before the Wenchuan Ms8.0Earthquake[J].EarthquakeScience,2013,35(1):4-17.
[4]杜学彬.在地震预报中的两类视电阻率变化[J].中国科学(D),2010,40(10):1321-1330.DU Xue-bin.Two types of Changes in Apparent Resistivity inEarthquake Prediction[J].Science China(D),2010,40(10):1321-1330.
[5]钱家栋,顾左文,赵家骝,等.地震台站观测环境技术要求第2部分:电磁观测.中华人民共和国国家标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004:14-29.QIAN Jia-dong,GU Zuo-wen,ZHAO Jia-liu,et al.TechnicalRequirements of Seismic Station Observation Environment,Part2:Electromagnetic Observation.The national standard of thePeople's Republic of China[S].Beijing:Standards Press of Chi-na,2004:14-29.
[6]杜学彬,席继楼,谭大诚,等.地震台站建设规范地电台站第1部分:地电阻率台站.中华人民共和国地震行业标准[S].2006:2-5.DU Xue-bin,XI Ji-lou,TAN Da-cheng,et al.ConstructionSpecification of Seismic Station,Geoelectrical Station,Part 1:Geoelectrical Resistivity Station.DB of the People's Republic ofChina[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2006:2-5.
[7]方炜,晏锐,邵辉成,等.高压直流输电对地磁场观测的影响[J].地震地质,2012,34(1):138-144.FANG Wei,YAN Rui,SHAO Hui-cheng,et al.Study on theImpact of HVDC to Geoelectric Field Observation[J].Seismolo-gy and Geology,2010,34(1):138-144.
[8]方炜,张国强,邵辉成.高压直流输电对地电场观测的影响[J].地震地质,2010,32(3):434-441.FANG Wei,ZHANG Guo-qiang,SHAO Hui-cheng.Study onthe Impact of HVDC to Geomagnetic Field Observation[J].Seismology and Geology,2010,32(3):434-441.
[9]张秀霞,李飞,杨冯威,等.蔬菜大棚对新沂地震台地电阻率的影响[J].地震地磁观测与研究,2009,30(增):32-36.ZHANG Xiu-xia,LI Fei,YANG Feng-wei,et al.Influence ofGreen House on Geoelectrical Resistivity at Xinqi Seismic Sta-tion[J].Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Re-search,2009,30(supp):32-36.
[10]卫定军,李春贵.搭建蔬菜大棚对固原地电台视电阻率观测影响的分析[J].地震地磁观测与研究,2009,30(2):77-82.WEI Ding-jun,LI Chun-gui.Analysis about Influence of GreenHouse on Apparent Resistivity Observation at Guyuan SeismicStation[J].Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation andResearch,2009,30(2):77-82.
[11]张新基,赵仪全,刘耀炜,等.甘肃省地震监测志[M].甘肃:兰州大学出版社,2005.ZHANG Xin-ji,ZHAO Yi-quan,LIU Yao-wei,et al.SeismicMonitoring Log in Gansu Province[M].Gansu:Lanzhou Uni-versity Press,2005.
[12]解滔,杜学彬,陈军营,等.井下地电阻率观测中地表电流干扰影响计算[J].地球物理学进展,2012,27(1):112-121.XIE Tao,DU Xue-bin,CHEN Jun-ying,et al.Calculation forthe influence from the surface disturbance current in the deep-well geoelectrical resistivity observation[J].Progress in Geo-physics,2012,27(1):112-121.
[13]谭大诚.地电观测中工频干扰的分析[A]∥石特临,陈有发,李清河.地震地电学发展与展望[G].兰州:兰州大学出版社,1998:176-183.TAN Da-cheng.Analysis on Powerline Interference in the Ge-oelectric Observation[A]∥SHI Te-lin,CHEN You-fa,LIQing-he.Development and Prospects of Seismic Geoelectrics[G].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University Press,1998:176-183.
[14]谭大诚,苏明达,张世中,等.地电仪工作可靠性和抗干扰的研究[J].西北地震学报,2000,22(2):177-181.TAN Da-cheng,SU Ming-da,ZHANG Shi-zhong,et al.Stud-y on Reliability and Anti-interference Capacity of Digital Geo-electrical Equipment[J].Norhewestern Seismological Journal,2000,22(2):177-181.
[15]谭大诚,杜学彬,马占虎,等.稳流源与地电阻率观测系统可靠性的关联[J].地震研究,2005,28(2):202-206.TAN Da-cheng,DU Xue-bin,MA zhan-hu,et al.Effect ofRegulated Current Supply on the Reliability of Apparent Resis-tivity Measuring System[J].Journal of Seismological Re-search,2005,28(2):202-206.
[16]国家地震局科技监测司.地震电磁观测技术[M].北京:地震出版社,1995:39-49.Technology and Monitoring Department,State EarthquakeAdministration.Seismic Electromagnetic Observation Tech-niques[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1995:39-49.
[17]中国地震局监测预报司.地震电磁学理论基础与观测技术(试用本)[M].北京:地震出版社,2010:18-126.Monitoring and Predicting Department,China Earthquake Ad-ministration.Theoretical Basis and Observation Techniques ofSeismic Electromagnetics(Trial edition)[M].Beijing:Seismo-logical Press,2010:18-126.
[18]解滔,杜学彬,陈军营,等.井下地电阻率观测中地表电流干扰影响计算[J].地球物理学进展,2012,27(1):112-121.XIE Tao,DU Xue-bin,CHEN Jun-ying,et al.Calculation forthe influence from the surface disturbance current in the deep-well geoelectrical resistivity observation[J].Progress in Geo-physics,2012,27(1):112-121.
[19]解滔,杜学彬,郑国磊,等水平两层均匀介质中井下电阻率观测信噪比的理论计算[J].西北地震学报,2012,34(1):18-22.XIE tao,DU Xue-bin,ZHENG Guo-lei,et al.TheoreticalCalculation for the Signal Noise Ratio of the Underground E-lectric Resistivity Observation in the Two-layered HorizontalHomogeneous Medium[J].Norhewestern Seismological Jour-nal,2012,34(1):18-22.
[20]徐文耀.Sq发电机电流的逐日变化和Sq指数[J].地球物理学报,1992,35(6):676-683.XU Wen-yao.Day-to-day Variability of the SqDynamo Cur-rents and SqIndex[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1992,35(6):676-683.
[21]谭大诚,赵家骝,席继楼,等.潮汐地电场特征及机理研究[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(3):544-555.TAN Da-cheng,ZHAO Jia-liu,XI Ji-lou,et al.A Study onFeature and Mechanism of the Tidal Geoelectrical Field[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2010,53(3):544-555
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