利用InSAR技术研究新疆阿什库勒火山群现今活动性
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摘要
新疆于田县以南250km处的阿什库勒盆地内部,坐落着由10余座主火山和数十个子火山组成的阿什库勒火山群。该火山群海拔较高,气候恶劣,现今活动性未知。文中基于Envisat ASAR和ALOS PALSAR卫星影像资料,利用干涉图堆叠技术和短基线集合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术提取了阿什库勒火山群地区2003—2010年的地表形变场,并据此分析了火山的现今活动状态。结果表明,2008年于田地震之前(2003—2007年),阿什库勒火山群地区比较稳定,形变不明显;2008年于田地震之后(2008—2010年),阿什库勒火山群地区整体有沿雷达视线方向隆升的态势,累积最大约1cm,为震后块体应力调整的结果,并非火山活动引起的地表形变。而于田地震地表同震破裂带北端则显示出了较强的东向水平运动和垂向下沉运动的形变态势,累积最大约6cm。
The Ashikule volcanic group is located in the Ashikule Basin,which is situated about 250km south of Yutian County,Xinjiang.Ashikule volcanic group consists of more than 10 large volcanoes and dozens of small volcanoes.Its present-day activity is unknown due to the extremely high altitude and inclement weather.Based on Envisat ASAR and ALOS PALSAR images,we obtain the land surface deformation field(2003-2010) by using stacking InSAR(Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) and SBAS-InSAR(Small BAseline Subsets-Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) techniques.We also analyze the volcanic activity based on the InSAR-derived deformation field.Our results show that the deformation of Ashikule volcanic group was not obvious before the 2008 Yutian earthquake(2003-2007).However,it showed a large-scale movement towards satellite after the 2008 Yutian earthquake(2008-2010) with largest accumulated displacement of 1cm.We speculate the large-scale movement had nothing to do with volcanic activity,but it was a result of stress adjustment caused by the 2008 Yutian earthquake.Nevertheless,the northmost end of the coseismic rupture showed movement towards east,and also deflated very much with accumulated subsidence of 6cm.
The Ashikule volcanic group is located in the Ashikule Basin,which is situated about 250km south of Yutian County,Xinjiang.Ashikule volcanic group consists of more than 10 large volcanoes and dozens of small volcanoes.Its present-day activity is unknown due to the extremely high altitude and inclement weather.Based on Envisat ASAR and ALOS PALSAR images,we obtain the land surface deformation field(2003-2010) by using stacking InSAR(Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) and SBAS-InSAR(Small BAseline Subsets-Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) techniques.We also analyze the volcanic activity based on the InSAR-derived deformation field.Our results show that the deformation of Ashikule volcanic group was not obvious before the 2008 Yutian earthquake(2003-2007).However,it showed a large-scale movement towards satellite after the 2008 Yutian earthquake(2008-2010) with largest accumulated displacement of 1cm.We speculate the large-scale movement had nothing to do with volcanic activity,but it was a result of stress adjustment caused by the 2008 Yutian earthquake.Nevertheless,the northmost end of the coseismic rupture showed movement towards east,and also deflated very much with accumulated subsidence of 6cm.
引文
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单新建,张国宏.2006.孕震区震前D-InSAR干涉形变场动态演化图像分析[J].地震地质,28(3):441—446.SHAN Xin-jian,ZHANG Guo-hong.2006.An analysis of dynamic evolution of preseismic interferometric deformation fields in seismic area[J].Seismology and Geology,28(3):441—446(in Chinese).
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徐锡伟,谭锡斌,吴国栋,等.2011.2008年于田M S7 .3地震地表破裂带特征及其构造属性讨论[J].地震地质,33 (2):462—471.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2011.02.019.XU Xi-wei,TAN Xi-bin,WU Guo-dong,et al.2011.Surface rupture features of the 2008 Yutian M S7 .3 earthquake and its tectonic nature[J].Seismology and Geology,33(2):462—471(in Chinese).
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Jung H S,Lee C W,Park J W,et al.2008.Improvement of small baseline subset(SBAS)algorithm for measuring timeseries surface deformations from differential SAR interferograms[J].Korean Journal of Remote Sensing,24:165—177.
Liu J Q,Maimaiti Y M.1989.Distribution and ages of Ashikule volcanoes on the West Kunlun Mountains,west China[J].Bulletin of Glacier Research,7:187—190.
Lu Z.2007.InSAR imaging of volcanic deformation over cloud-prone areas:Aleutian Islands[J].Photogrammetric Engineering&Remote Sensing,73(3):245—257.
Massonnet D,Rossi M,Carmona C,et al.1993.The displacement field of the Landers earthquake mapped by radar interferometry[J].Nature,364:138—142.
Massonnet D,Briole P,Arnaud A.1995.Deflation of Mount Etna monitored by spaceborne radar interferometry[J].Nature,375:567—570.
Peltzer G,CrampéF,Hensley S,et al.2001.Transient strain accumulation and fault interaction in the eastern California shear zone[J].Geology,29:975—978.
Rosen P,Hensley S,Zebker H,et al.1996.Surface deformation and coherence measurements of Kilauea Volcano,Hawaii,from SIR-C radar interferometry[J].Journal of Geophysical Rearch,101:23109—23125.
Wright T J,Parsons B E,Lu Z.2004.Toward mapping surface deformation in three dimensions using InSAR[J].Geophysical Research Letter,31(1):L01607.
Zebker H A,Rosen P A,Goldstein R M,et al.1994.On the derivation of coseismic displacement fields using differential radar interferometry—the Landers earthquake[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,99(B10):19617—19634.
Zebker H A,Rosen P A,Hensley S.1997.Atmospheric effects in interferometric synthetic aperture radar surface deformation and topographic maps[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,102:7547—7563.
邓万明.1989.新疆乌鲁克库勒火山群地质考察:“1951年1号火山喷发”质疑[J].自然资源学报,4(4):349 —354.DENG Wan-ming.1989.Geological investigation on the volcanic group in the Wulukule(lake)region,Xinjiang:Query the validity of“the eruption of No.1 volcano in 1951”[J].Acta Natural Resources,4(4):349—354(in Chinese).
刘嘉麒,买买提依明.1990.西昆仑山第四纪火山的分布与K-Ar年龄[J].中国科学(D辑),(2):180—187.LIU Jia-qi,YIMING Maimaiti.1990.The distribution of Quaternary volcanoes and its K-Ar isotopic age in western Kunlun Mts[J].Science in China(Ser D),(2):180—187(in Chinese).
刘若新.2000.中国的活火山[M].北京:地震出版社.LIU Ruo-xin.2000.Active Volcanoes in China[M].Seismological Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
单新建,张国宏.2006.孕震区震前D-InSAR干涉形变场动态演化图像分析[J].地震地质,28(3):441—446.SHAN Xin-jian,ZHANG Guo-hong.2006.An analysis of dynamic evolution of preseismic interferometric deformation fields in seismic area[J].Seismology and Geology,28(3):441—446(in Chinese).
孙建宝,梁芳,沈正康,等.2008.汶川M S8 .0地震InSAR形变观测及初步分析[J].地震地质,30(3):789—795 .SUN Jian-bao,LIANG Fang,SHEN Zheng-kang,et al.2011.InSAR deformation observation and preliminary analysis of the M S8 Wenchuan earthquake[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):789—795(in Chinese).
新疆日报.1951.新疆昆仑大阪西沟发现火山喷发[Z].7月5日,第二版.Xinjiang Daily.1951.Volcano Eruption Occurred in the Western Valley of Kunlun Mountains,Southern Xinjiang[Z].May 7,page 2(in Chinese).
许建东,赵波,张柳毅,等.2011.新疆阿什库勒火山群野外地质科学考察[J].地震地质,33(3):499—505.doi:10 .3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2011.03.001.XU Jian-dong,ZHAO Bo,ZHANG Liu-yi,et al.2011.Field geological exploration of Ashikule volcano group in western Kunlun Mountains[J].Seismology and Geology,33(3):499—505(in Chinese).
徐锡伟,谭锡斌,吴国栋,等.2011.2008年于田M S7 .3地震地表破裂带特征及其构造属性讨论[J].地震地质,33 (2):462—471.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2011.02.019.XU Xi-wei,TAN Xi-bin,WU Guo-dong,et al.2011.Surface rupture features of the 2008 Yutian M S7 .3 earthquake and its tectonic nature[J].Seismology and Geology,33(2):462—471(in Chinese).
Berardino P,Fornaro G,Lanari R,et al.2002.A new algorithm for surface deformation monitoring based on small baseline differential SAR interferograms[J].Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Transactions on Geosciences and Remote Sensing,40(11):2375—2383.
Ferretti A,Prati C,Rocca F.2000.Nonlinear subsidence rate estimation using permanent scatterers in differential SAR interferometry[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,38(5):2202—2212.doi:10.1109/36.868878.
Jung H S,Lee C W,Park J W,et al.2008.Improvement of small baseline subset(SBAS)algorithm for measuring timeseries surface deformations from differential SAR interferograms[J].Korean Journal of Remote Sensing,24:165—177.
Liu J Q,Maimaiti Y M.1989.Distribution and ages of Ashikule volcanoes on the West Kunlun Mountains,west China[J].Bulletin of Glacier Research,7:187—190.
Lu Z.2007.InSAR imaging of volcanic deformation over cloud-prone areas:Aleutian Islands[J].Photogrammetric Engineering&Remote Sensing,73(3):245—257.
Massonnet D,Rossi M,Carmona C,et al.1993.The displacement field of the Landers earthquake mapped by radar interferometry[J].Nature,364:138—142.
Massonnet D,Briole P,Arnaud A.1995.Deflation of Mount Etna monitored by spaceborne radar interferometry[J].Nature,375:567—570.
Peltzer G,CrampéF,Hensley S,et al.2001.Transient strain accumulation and fault interaction in the eastern California shear zone[J].Geology,29:975—978.
Rosen P,Hensley S,Zebker H,et al.1996.Surface deformation and coherence measurements of Kilauea Volcano,Hawaii,from SIR-C radar interferometry[J].Journal of Geophysical Rearch,101:23109—23125.
Wright T J,Parsons B E,Lu Z.2004.Toward mapping surface deformation in three dimensions using InSAR[J].Geophysical Research Letter,31(1):L01607.
Zebker H A,Rosen P A,Goldstein R M,et al.1994.On the derivation of coseismic displacement fields using differential radar interferometry—the Landers earthquake[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,99(B10):19617—19634.
Zebker H A,Rosen P A,Hensley S.1997.Atmospheric effects in interferometric synthetic aperture radar surface deformation and topographic maps[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,102:7547—7563.
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