辽河滩海东部凹陷古地貌特征及其对沉积-层序的制约
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摘要
采用三维地震资料分析定性、层序地层格架定时、构造演化定发展、古厚度定量和三维地貌建模技术可视化成图的综合研究方法对辽河滩海东部地区古近系关键构造期古地貌进行恢复。研究结果表明:辽河滩海古近纪经历了伸展裂陷幕、第一裂后热沉降幕、走滑伸展再次裂陷幕和裂陷收敛幕4个构造演化阶段,不同构造演化阶段的古地貌特征不同,由其制约的层序构成和沉积体系展布也显著不同。伸展裂陷期古地貌具有坡陡盆深的特点,层序体系域构成齐全,发育近岸水下扇—扇三角洲—辫状河三角洲—湖泊沉积体系;第一裂后热沉降期古地貌具有坡缓沟多的特点,层序体系域构成齐全,发育扇三角洲—辫状河三角洲—湖泊沉积体系;走滑伸展再次裂陷期古地貌具有坡陡盆深,沟梁斜列的特点,层序体系域构成较齐全,发育扇三角洲—辫状河三角洲—湖泊沉积体系;裂陷收敛期地形变化平缓,趋向于平原地貌,层序构成不全,整体缺失低位体系域,以曲流河和辫状河沉积为主。
The Paleogene paleogeomorphology in the east Liaohe offshore was restored through 3D modeling, in which3 D seismic data was used for qualitative analysis, sequence stratigraphic framework was built for time-fixing, tectonic evolution was interpreted for developing process study, and paleothickness was calculated for quantitative analysis. The research indicates that the Paleogene Liaohe offshore zone has experienced four structural evolution stages: preliminary rifting episode of extension, post-rift thermal subsidence episode, second rifting episode of strike-slip stretching and rifting convergence episode. Different tectonic evolution stages have different paleogeomorphology characteristics. As a result, sequence and sedimentary system distribution also has significant distinctions. The preliminary rifting episode of extension is featured by deep basin with steep slope, complete sequence systems tracts, and the sedimentary system ofoffshore subsea apron-fan delta-braided delta-lake. The post-rift thermal subsidence episode has the characteristics of gentle slope with multi-channels, complete sequence systems tracts and the sedimentary system of fan delta-braided delta-lake. During the second rifting episode of strike-slip stretching, the deep basin with steep slope and inclined channels is developed. The sequence systems tracts are comparatively complete with the sedimentary system of fan delta-braided delta-lake. The rifting convergence episode is characterized by plain morphology, meandering river, and braided river deposits. The sequence is incomplete, which lacks of lowstand systems tract.
引文
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