基于能量差异的滑动扫描数据谐波压制方法
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摘要
随着高密度采集需求日趋增加,出现了高效、高保真、环保的可控震源勘探技术。滑动扫描采集虽然缩短了相邻两炮的滑动时间,采集效率得到很大提高,但也使后一炮中的谐波畸变对前一炮的基波产生影响,降低了地震资料的质量。通过分析可控震源谐波的产生机理,提出一种基于能量差异分频谐波压制方法。地震资料处理和叠加成像结果表明,该方法在有效压制谐波噪声的同时,能够较好地保护有效信号,提高资料信噪比。
With the increasing of demand for high-density acquisition, the vibroseis prospecting technologies of high-efficiency, high-fideli-ty and environmental protection have come into use, of which, the sliding scan acquisition can shorten the slip time between two neighbor-ing shots and improve the efficiency of acquisition, but its harmonic distortion can reduce the quality of seismic data for the impact of thelatter shot on the former one. This paper presents the mechanism of vibroseis harmonic noise and proposed a method for frequency-divisionharmonic noise suppression based on energy difference. The seismic data processing and superposition imaging results show that this meth-od can obviously suppress the harmonic noise, protect effective signals and improve the signal/noise ratio.
With the increasing of demand for high-density acquisition, the vibroseis prospecting technologies of high-efficiency, high-fideli-ty and environmental protection have come into use, of which, the sliding scan acquisition can shorten the slip time between two neighbor-ing shots and improve the efficiency of acquisition, but its harmonic distortion can reduce the quality of seismic data for the impact of thelatter shot on the former one. This paper presents the mechanism of vibroseis harmonic noise and proposed a method for frequency-divisionharmonic noise suppression based on energy difference. The seismic data processing and superposition imaging results show that this meth-od can obviously suppress the harmonic noise, protect effective signals and improve the signal/noise ratio.
引文
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[3]Rietsch E.Reduction of harmonic distortion in vibratory source re-cords[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1981,29(2):178-188.
[4]周学锋.基于预测滤波的谐波干扰压制方法研究[D].山东东营:中国石油大学(华东),2011.Zhou Xuefeng.Method of harmonic noise elimination based on its es-timation[D].Dongying,Shandong:China University of Petroleum(East China),2011.
[5]LI X P,Sollner W,Hubral P.Elimination of harmonic distortion invibroseis data[J].Geophysics,1995,60(2):503-516.
[6]Fleure T.Method of reducing interference while using overlappingsource point seismic recording techniques[P].US,6418079,2002-07-09.
[7]曹务祥,闫智慧,邹小燕,等.利用可控震源的力信号压制谐波干扰[J].石油物探,2011,50(1):89-92.Cao Wuxiang,Yan Zhihui,Zou Xiaoyan,et al.Harmonic interfer-ence by force signal of vibroseis[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Pe-troleum,2011,50(1):89-92.
[8]钟飞,张伟,钟约先.Hilbert-Huang变换去除可控震源谐波畸变[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2011,51(6):862-867.Zhong Fei,Zhang Wei,Zhong Yuexian.Removal of harmonic distor-tions in vibroseis data using the Hilbert-Huang transformation[J].Journal of Tsinghua University:Science and Technology Edition,2011,51(6):862-867.
[9]黄明忠,李培明,王彦娟.独立同步激发数据两步法邻炮干扰压制技术研究[J].石油物探,2012,51(5):464-468.Huang Mingzhong,Li Peiming,Wang Yanjuan.Two-step suppress-ing method for neighboring-shot interference by using vibroseis inde-pendent simultaneous shooting data[J].Geophysical Prospecting forPetroleum,2012,51(5):464-468.
[10]牟永光.地震勘探资料数字处理方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1980:12-48.Mou Yongguang.Digital processing method of seismic explorationdata[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1980:12-48.
[11]蔡希玲.声波和强能量干扰的分频自适应检测与压制方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(4):373-380.Cai Xiling.An effective method to suppress acoustic wave and highenergy noise frequency-divisionally and adaptively[J].Oil Geophysi-cal Prospecting,1999,34(4):373-380.
[12]王君,周兴元,恽春华.地表一致性约束下异常振幅衰减技术的实现[J].石油物探,2011,50(5):493-498.Wang Jun,Zhou Xingyuan,Yun Chunhua.Realization of surface con-sistent constrained anomaly amplitude attenuation technology[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2011,50(5):493-498.
[2]Schrodt J K.Techniques for improving vibroseis data[J].Geophys-ics,1987,52(4):469-482.
[3]Rietsch E.Reduction of harmonic distortion in vibratory source re-cords[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1981,29(2):178-188.
[4]周学锋.基于预测滤波的谐波干扰压制方法研究[D].山东东营:中国石油大学(华东),2011.Zhou Xuefeng.Method of harmonic noise elimination based on its es-timation[D].Dongying,Shandong:China University of Petroleum(East China),2011.
[5]LI X P,Sollner W,Hubral P.Elimination of harmonic distortion invibroseis data[J].Geophysics,1995,60(2):503-516.
[6]Fleure T.Method of reducing interference while using overlappingsource point seismic recording techniques[P].US,6418079,2002-07-09.
[7]曹务祥,闫智慧,邹小燕,等.利用可控震源的力信号压制谐波干扰[J].石油物探,2011,50(1):89-92.Cao Wuxiang,Yan Zhihui,Zou Xiaoyan,et al.Harmonic interfer-ence by force signal of vibroseis[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Pe-troleum,2011,50(1):89-92.
[8]钟飞,张伟,钟约先.Hilbert-Huang变换去除可控震源谐波畸变[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2011,51(6):862-867.Zhong Fei,Zhang Wei,Zhong Yuexian.Removal of harmonic distor-tions in vibroseis data using the Hilbert-Huang transformation[J].Journal of Tsinghua University:Science and Technology Edition,2011,51(6):862-867.
[9]黄明忠,李培明,王彦娟.独立同步激发数据两步法邻炮干扰压制技术研究[J].石油物探,2012,51(5):464-468.Huang Mingzhong,Li Peiming,Wang Yanjuan.Two-step suppress-ing method for neighboring-shot interference by using vibroseis inde-pendent simultaneous shooting data[J].Geophysical Prospecting forPetroleum,2012,51(5):464-468.
[10]牟永光.地震勘探资料数字处理方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1980:12-48.Mou Yongguang.Digital processing method of seismic explorationdata[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1980:12-48.
[11]蔡希玲.声波和强能量干扰的分频自适应检测与压制方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(4):373-380.Cai Xiling.An effective method to suppress acoustic wave and highenergy noise frequency-divisionally and adaptively[J].Oil Geophysi-cal Prospecting,1999,34(4):373-380.
[12]王君,周兴元,恽春华.地表一致性约束下异常振幅衰减技术的实现[J].石油物探,2011,50(5):493-498.Wang Jun,Zhou Xingyuan,Yun Chunhua.Realization of surface con-sistent constrained anomaly amplitude attenuation technology[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2011,50(5):493-498.
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