叠前偏移技术对碳酸盐岩缝洞体成像效果分析
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摘要
奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层的储集空间主要为孔隙、裂缝和溶洞。缝洞体在地震剖面上的响应特征主要表现为"串珠"状的反射。近年来的勘探实践表明,准确识别这些"串珠"边界及空间位置,是准确刻画这些缝洞体的关键。结合理论模型,重点分析当前广泛应用于成像处理的Kirchhoff叠前时间偏移、Kirchhoff叠前深度偏移、逆时深度偏移(RTM)技术对缝洞体成像效果的差异。根据正演模型与实际资料处理效果分析,相对Kirchhoff叠前时间偏移,Kirchhoff叠前深度偏移与逆时深度偏移都能得到正确的空间位置,逆时深度偏移聚焦效果最好。
The reservoir space of the Ordovician System carbonate reservoir is mainly consist of pore, fracture and cavity. Response characteristics of the fracture and cave system on the seismic profile is mainly "beaded" reflection. In recent years, the exploration practice indicates that accurate recognition of these "beaded" boundary and space position, is the key to accurately depict the fracture cave system. Combined with the theoretical model, we focused on the analysis of different techniques of Kirchhoff prestack time migration, Kirchhoff prestack depth migration and reverse-time depth migration(RTM) which were widely used in the imaging processing for fracture and cave system imaging. According to the analysis on forward model and actual data, we found that Kirchhoff prestack depth migration and reverse-time depth migration both can get the correct spatial location, compared with Kirchhoff prestack time migration. Moreover, the reverse-time depth migration gets best effect of focus.
The reservoir space of the Ordovician System carbonate reservoir is mainly consist of pore, fracture and cavity. Response characteristics of the fracture and cave system on the seismic profile is mainly "beaded" reflection. In recent years, the exploration practice indicates that accurate recognition of these "beaded" boundary and space position, is the key to accurately depict the fracture cave system. Combined with the theoretical model, we focused on the analysis of different techniques of Kirchhoff prestack time migration, Kirchhoff prestack depth migration and reverse-time depth migration(RTM) which were widely used in the imaging processing for fracture and cave system imaging. According to the analysis on forward model and actual data, we found that Kirchhoff prestack depth migration and reverse-time depth migration both can get the correct spatial location, compared with Kirchhoff prestack time migration. Moreover, the reverse-time depth migration gets best effect of focus.
引文
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[8]龚洪林,袁刚,田彦灿等.塔中碳酸盐岩缝洞型储集体精细成像[J].地球物理学进展,2012,27(2):555-561.
[9]刘喜武,刘洪.波动方程地震偏移成像方法的现状与进展[J].地球物理学进展,2002,17(4):582-591
[10]王华忠,张兵,刘少勇等.山前带地震数据成像处理流程探讨[J].石油物探,2012,51(6):574-583
[11]刘定进,杨勤勇,方伍宝等.叠前逆时深度偏移成像的实现与应用[J].石油物探,2011,50(6):545-549
[2]吴俊峰,姚姚,撒利明.碳酸盐岩特殊孔洞型构造地震响应特征分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(2):180-185
[3]杜正聪,贺振华,黄德济等.缝洞模型波动方程正演与偏移[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2003,30(4):386-390
[4]季敏,王尚旭,陈双全.孔洞物理模型实验及其敏感属性分析[J].天然气工业,2007,27(S1):312-313
[5]杨勤勇.碳酸盐岩溶洞模型地震成像分辨率研究[J].石油物探,2010,49(6):546-553
[6]胡鹏飞.塔河油田碳酸盐岩缝洞型储集体成像技术研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(2):152-157.
[7]马学军,费建博,王建斌等.塔中奥陶系缝洞系统成像的配套处理技术研究[J].石油物探,2011,50(6):583-588.
[8]龚洪林,袁刚,田彦灿等.塔中碳酸盐岩缝洞型储集体精细成像[J].地球物理学进展,2012,27(2):555-561.
[9]刘喜武,刘洪.波动方程地震偏移成像方法的现状与进展[J].地球物理学进展,2002,17(4):582-591
[10]王华忠,张兵,刘少勇等.山前带地震数据成像处理流程探讨[J].石油物探,2012,51(6):574-583
[11]刘定进,杨勤勇,方伍宝等.叠前逆时深度偏移成像的实现与应用[J].石油物探,2011,50(6):545-549
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