多域组合去噪技术在塔中奥陶系低信噪比资料处理中的应用
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摘要
塔中地区主要目的层是深层奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层,由于地表沙丘起伏大、沙层松散,地震波吸收衰减严重,干扰波复杂,导致目的层地震资料信噪比非常低。沙丘所产生的噪声不仅使有效波特征受到影响,而且使面波等相干噪声的规律性遭到破坏,从而增加了去噪处理的难度。为了在保真的前提下最大限度地压制干扰波、提高塔中奥陶系目的层资料信噪比,基于多年沙漠区地震资料处理所取得的经验与认识,通过对塔中地区地震资料干扰波成因、类型及其特点进行分析,提出了根据噪声类型、能量强弱、频带范围及其在不同域中所表现的特征,分类、分步、分频、分域、分时窗、分区的六分法多域组合去噪技术思路与处理流程。实际资料应用效果表明,多域组合去噪技术能明显提高奥陶系内幕反射的信噪比以及小断点、碳酸盐岩内部异常或"串珠"状反射的清晰度。
Deep Ordovician carbonate reservoir is the main exploration target in Tazhong area.The undulate dunes,the loose surface sand bed and the serious absorption &attenuation effect leads to low SNR seismic data of the target layers.The noise caused by sand dunes affects the characteristics of the effective wave,and also breaks the law of the coherent noise,which increases the difficulty for seismic data denoising processing.In order to suppress interference wave and improve the SNR of Ordovician target layers with the premise of fidelity,based on the experience and recognition obtained from the desert seismic data processing in the last few years,in terms of noise type,energy strength,frequency bandwidth and their characteristics in different domain,we proposed multi-domain composite denoising technique and processing workflow,and the multi-domain includes scale,step,frequency,domain,time window,zone etc.Actual data application results indicate that mlti-domain composite denoising technique obviously improve the SNR of Ordovician insider reflections,the clearness of small fault points,inside abnormal of carbonate or moniliform reflection.
引文
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