利用分形统计模型解释震后岩石裂缝体系发育因素导致的渗透率增加现象
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摘要
天然地震发生时,地震波会对地震波及范围内的含油气层产生作用,通过流固耦合的方式直接传递动能来推动油气运移;另一方面,地震波产生的动应力可以改变含油气层的微观孔隙结构,促使原有的裂缝体系再次发育,产生大量新的裂缝,微裂缝,短时间内致使体系连通性增强,从而改变地下流体的流动状态。运用分形统计理论,给出了分形裂缝体系的含时理论模型;并利用该模型从理论上分析解释了震后地下岩层渗透率突增并在之后一段时期内缓慢回落的现象。利用川西某两口井2008年生产数据及陕西某地震台井水流量观测数据,得出了井所在地,震后地下含流层的裂缝结构参数,估算出了新发育的裂缝体系最大缝宽的数量级;并给出了体系分形裂缝参数随时间的演化曲线图,为深入研究震致油气运移提供了理论支持。
Generally speaking,natural earthquakes can promote the migration of oil and gas by two ways:1 Seismic wave drive the oil and gas through the direct energy transfer;2 The natural earthquakes can change the microstructure of reservoir,thus,reduce the energy barrier of the migration.Aim at the second way,the theoretical model of fractal crack system is founded by using the fractal theory.Based on the model,the post-seismic permeability change is analysed and explained.By making use of the data of a certain oil and gas well in west Sichuan province,the post-seismic underground structural parameters of crack system,near the well,are estimated.The curve graph of the fractal crack system parameters varying with time is shown and discussed.
引文
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