高频随机噪声的三分量测定
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摘要
高频噪声是地震高分辨率勘探的大敌。尤其对石油勘探的陆上地震资料来说，更是严重的问题。需要深入了解它的特点，以便找出相应的措施，尽量地克服这种干扰。作者用三分量检波器通过20cm小道距的“超小排列”，作了一个十分有意义的试验。说明了检波器与地耦合中产生的谐振现象是产生这种微震的主要因素，从而初步阐明了高频干扰产生的机理。并且通过三分量的测定说明：高频干扰波的振动方向主要是接近于在水平面内。X及Y方向的振动远大于Z（垂直）方向。因此采用常规的垂向灵敏的速度检波器已经是正确的选择。“超小排列”可以分析检波器的耦合谐振情况，可以直接观察耦合谐振的时间域的波形。
In high-resolution seismic exploration, high-frequency random noises are a formidable problem especially for land seismic data of oil exploration. It is essential to thoroughly understand its feature so as to find corresponding measures to eliminate the disturbance as far as possible. The author conducts a meaningful test through "the super microspread" of three-component geophones with the group interval being 20cm. It is demonstrated that the resonance phenomenon produced by the geophone-ground coupling is the main factor of causing the microseism. So the production mechanism of high-frequency disturbance is expounded tentatively. Three-component determination results show that the vibration direction of highfrequency disturbing wave is close to the horizontal plane and the vibration along x and y direction is much larger than that along z direction. Therefore the use of the conventional vertically sensitive velocity geophone is a correct selection. "The super microspread" can be used to analyze the geophone coupling resonance situation and directly observe the time-domain waveform of the coupling resonance.
In high-resolution seismic exploration, high-frequency random noises are a formidable problem especially for land seismic data of oil exploration. It is essential to thoroughly understand its feature so as to find corresponding measures to eliminate the disturbance as far as possible. The author conducts a meaningful test through "the super microspread" of three-component geophones with the group interval being 20cm. It is demonstrated that the resonance phenomenon produced by the geophone-ground coupling is the main factor of causing the microseism. So the production mechanism of high-frequency disturbance is expounded tentatively. Three-component determination results show that the vibration direction of highfrequency disturbing wave is close to the horizontal plane and the vibration along x and y direction is much larger than that along z direction. Therefore the use of the conventional vertically sensitive velocity geophone is a correct selection. "The super microspread" can be used to analyze the geophone coupling resonance situation and directly observe the time-domain waveform of the coupling resonance.
引文
[1] Kees Faber, Peter Maxwell et al. Recording reliability in seismic exploration as influenced by geophone-ground coupling, Paper No. B014 presented at the 56th meeting of the EAEG, Vienna, 1994
[2]李庆忠,地震高分辨率勘探中的误区与对策,《石油地球物理勘探》,1997年第6期。
[3]李庆忠,《走向精确勘探的道路》,石油工业出版社,1994年第2次印刷。
[2]李庆忠,地震高分辨率勘探中的误区与对策,《石油地球物理勘探》,1997年第6期。
[3]李庆忠,《走向精确勘探的道路》,石油工业出版社,1994年第2次印刷。
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