辽宁岫岩M_S5.9地震前应力积累的讨论
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摘要
使用营口地震台记录的地震波形资料,对1999年11月29日辽宁岫岩MS5.9地震前后进行剪切波分裂分析,结果表明剪切波分裂参数在岫岩地震前后有明显的变化,慢剪切波时间延迟在岫岩地震前约142天开始增加,揭示了震前的应力积累过程。应力积累的持续时间与震级的关系符合对数坐标下的直线拟合经验统计关系。
Using the seismic waveform data from Yingkou station in Liaoning province,China,by the study of shear-wave splittings before and after the Xiuyan MS5.9(ML5.3)earthquake occurred on 29 November 1999,this paper shows that obvious variations occurred before and after the Xiuyan earthquake,time delays of slow shear-waves started to increase from about 142 days before the Xiuyan earthquake.This result indicates the stress accumulation before the earthquake,and the logarithm of the duration of stress accumulation is proportional to the magnitude of the earthquake.
Using the seismic waveform data from Yingkou station in Liaoning province,China,by the study of shear-wave splittings before and after the Xiuyan MS5.9(ML5.3)earthquake occurred on 29 November 1999,this paper shows that obvious variations occurred before and after the Xiuyan earthquake,time delays of slow shear-waves started to increase from about 142 days before the Xiuyan earthquake.This result indicates the stress accumulation before the earthquake,and the logarithm of the duration of stress accumulation is proportional to the magnitude of the earthquake.
引文
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[2]兰从欣,刘杰,马士振,等.岫岩5.4级地震序列主应力变化特征研究[J].地震,2006,26(2):73-82.
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[7]姚陈,王培德,陈运泰.卢龙地区S波偏振与上地壳裂隙各向异性[J].地球物理学报,1992,35(3):305-315.
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[13]Crampin S,Gao Y,Chastin S,et al.Speculations on Earthquake Forecasting[J].Seism Res Lett,2003,74(3):271-273.
[14]Gao Y,Crampin S.Temporal variations of shear-wave splitting in field and laboratory in China[J].J Appl Geophys,2003,54(3/4):279-287.
[15]Gao Y,Crampin S.Observations of stress relaxation before earthquakes[J].Geophys J Int,2004,157(2):578-582.
[16]Gao Y,Crampin S.A further stress-forecast earthquake(with hindsight),where migration ofsource earthquakes causes anomalies in shear-wave polarizations[J].Tectonophysics,2006,426(3/4):253-262.
[17]Wu J,Crampin S,Gao Y,et al.Smaller source earthquakes and improved measuring techniques al-low the largest earthquakes in Iceland to be stress-forecast(with hindsight)[J].Geophys J Int,2006,166(2):1 293-1 298.
[18]Gerst A,Savage M K.Seismic anisotropy beneath Ruapehu volcano:A possible eruption forecastingtool[J].Science,2004,306(5701):1 543-1 547.
[19]Tang C,Rial J A,Lees J M.Shear-wave splitting:A diagnostic tool to monitor fluid pressure in ge-othermal fields[J].Geophys Res Lett,2005,32,L21317,doi:10.1029/2005GL023551.
[20]太龄雪,高原,曹凤娟,等.辽宁岫岩地震的剪切波分裂特征[J].地震学报,2008,30(4):340-354.
[21]高原,刘希强,梁维,等.剪切波分裂系统分析方法(SAM)软件系统[J].中国地震,2004,20(1):101-107.
[22]Crampin S,Chastin S,Gao Y.Shear-wave splitting in a critical crust:Ⅲ-preliminary report ofmulti-variable measurements in active tectonics[J].J Appl Geophys,2003,54:265-277.
[23]高常波,钟以章.1999年辽宁海城-岫岩5.6级地震的地质构造背景和发震构造[J].地震地质,2000,22(4):405-412.
[24]Crampin S,Peacock S.A review of shear-wave splitting in the compliant crack-critical anisotropicEarth[J].Wave Motion,2005,41:59-77.
[25]高原,石玉涛,梁维,等.剪切波分裂系统分析系统SAM(2007)软件系统[J].中国地震,2008,24(4):345-353.
[26]高原,郑斯华.唐山地区剪切波分裂研究(Ⅱ)—相关函数分析法[J].中国地震,1994,10(增刊):11-21.
[27]许忠淮.东亚地区现今构造应力图的编制[J].地震学报,2001,23(5):492-501.
[28]张静华,李延兴,郭良迁,等.用GPS测量结果研究华北现今构造形变场[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(3):40-46.
[29]张萍,谷光裕,高艳玲.岫岩-海城MS5.4地震序列震源机制解[J].地震,2001,21(1):98-101.
[30]Crampin S,Volti T,Stefánsson R.A successfully stress-forecast earthquake[J].Geophys J Inter,1999,138:F1-F5.
[31]高原,冯德益.大同地区近震S波分裂的观测与研究[J].地震学报,1993,15(增刊):521-527.
[32]高原,郑斯华,周蕙兰.唐山地区快剪切波偏振图像及其变化[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(2):228-232.
[33]Volti T,Crampin S.A four-year study of shear-wave splitting in Iceland:2 Temporal changes be-fore earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.In:Nieuwland,D A(ed)New insights into structural in-terpretation and modelling[J].Geol Soc Lond Spec Publ,2003,212:135-149.
[34]Crampin S,Gao Y,Peacock S.Stress-forecasting not predicting earthquakes:A paradigm shift[J].Geology,2008,36(5):427-430.
[35]Gao Y,Crampin S.Shear-wave splitting and Earthquake forecasting[J].Terra Nova,2008,20(6):440-448.
[2]兰从欣,刘杰,马士振,等.岫岩5.4级地震序列主应力变化特征研究[J].地震,2006,26(2):73-82.
[3]蒋秀琴,佟晓辉.1999年11月29日辽宁岫岩-海城MS5.4地震综述[J].地震地磁观测与研究,2001,22(2):1-9.
[4]Crampin S,Evans R,Atkinson B K.Earthquake prediction:a new physical basis[J].Geophys J RAstron Soc,1984,76:147-156.
[5]Zatsepin S V,Crampin S.Modelling the compliance of crustal rock:Ⅰ-Response of shear-wavesplitting to differential stress[J].Geophys J Int,1997,129:477-494.
[6]Crampin S,Zatsepin S V.Modelling the compliance of crustal rock:Ⅱ-Response to temporal chan-ges before earthquakes[J].Geophys J Int,1997,129:495-506.
[7]姚陈,王培德,陈运泰.卢龙地区S波偏振与上地壳裂隙各向异性[J].地球物理学报,1992,35(3):305-315.
[8]高原,郑斯华,孙勇.唐山地区地壳裂隙各向异性[J].地震学报,1995,17(3):283-293.
[9]高原,郑斯华,王培德.海南省东方地区1992年小震群剪切波分裂研究[J].地球物理学报,1996,39(2):221-232.
[10]石玉涛,高原,吴晶,等.云南地区地壳介质各向异性—快剪切波偏振特性[J].地震学报,2006,28(6):574-585.
[11]吴晶,高原,陈运泰,等.首都圈西北部地壳介质地震各向异性特征初步研究[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(1):209-220.
[12]Crampin S.Developing stress-monitoring sites using cross-hole seismology to stress-forecast thetimes and magnitudes of future earthquakes[J].Tectonophysics,2001,338:233-245.
[13]Crampin S,Gao Y,Chastin S,et al.Speculations on Earthquake Forecasting[J].Seism Res Lett,2003,74(3):271-273.
[14]Gao Y,Crampin S.Temporal variations of shear-wave splitting in field and laboratory in China[J].J Appl Geophys,2003,54(3/4):279-287.
[15]Gao Y,Crampin S.Observations of stress relaxation before earthquakes[J].Geophys J Int,2004,157(2):578-582.
[16]Gao Y,Crampin S.A further stress-forecast earthquake(with hindsight),where migration ofsource earthquakes causes anomalies in shear-wave polarizations[J].Tectonophysics,2006,426(3/4):253-262.
[17]Wu J,Crampin S,Gao Y,et al.Smaller source earthquakes and improved measuring techniques al-low the largest earthquakes in Iceland to be stress-forecast(with hindsight)[J].Geophys J Int,2006,166(2):1 293-1 298.
[18]Gerst A,Savage M K.Seismic anisotropy beneath Ruapehu volcano:A possible eruption forecastingtool[J].Science,2004,306(5701):1 543-1 547.
[19]Tang C,Rial J A,Lees J M.Shear-wave splitting:A diagnostic tool to monitor fluid pressure in ge-othermal fields[J].Geophys Res Lett,2005,32,L21317,doi:10.1029/2005GL023551.
[20]太龄雪,高原,曹凤娟,等.辽宁岫岩地震的剪切波分裂特征[J].地震学报,2008,30(4):340-354.
[21]高原,刘希强,梁维,等.剪切波分裂系统分析方法(SAM)软件系统[J].中国地震,2004,20(1):101-107.
[22]Crampin S,Chastin S,Gao Y.Shear-wave splitting in a critical crust:Ⅲ-preliminary report ofmulti-variable measurements in active tectonics[J].J Appl Geophys,2003,54:265-277.
[23]高常波,钟以章.1999年辽宁海城-岫岩5.6级地震的地质构造背景和发震构造[J].地震地质,2000,22(4):405-412.
[24]Crampin S,Peacock S.A review of shear-wave splitting in the compliant crack-critical anisotropicEarth[J].Wave Motion,2005,41:59-77.
[25]高原,石玉涛,梁维,等.剪切波分裂系统分析系统SAM(2007)软件系统[J].中国地震,2008,24(4):345-353.
[26]高原,郑斯华.唐山地区剪切波分裂研究(Ⅱ)—相关函数分析法[J].中国地震,1994,10(增刊):11-21.
[27]许忠淮.东亚地区现今构造应力图的编制[J].地震学报,2001,23(5):492-501.
[28]张静华,李延兴,郭良迁,等.用GPS测量结果研究华北现今构造形变场[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(3):40-46.
[29]张萍,谷光裕,高艳玲.岫岩-海城MS5.4地震序列震源机制解[J].地震,2001,21(1):98-101.
[30]Crampin S,Volti T,Stefánsson R.A successfully stress-forecast earthquake[J].Geophys J Inter,1999,138:F1-F5.
[31]高原,冯德益.大同地区近震S波分裂的观测与研究[J].地震学报,1993,15(增刊):521-527.
[32]高原,郑斯华,周蕙兰.唐山地区快剪切波偏振图像及其变化[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(2):228-232.
[33]Volti T,Crampin S.A four-year study of shear-wave splitting in Iceland:2 Temporal changes be-fore earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.In:Nieuwland,D A(ed)New insights into structural in-terpretation and modelling[J].Geol Soc Lond Spec Publ,2003,212:135-149.
[34]Crampin S,Gao Y,Peacock S.Stress-forecasting not predicting earthquakes:A paradigm shift[J].Geology,2008,36(5):427-430.
[35]Gao Y,Crampin S.Shear-wave splitting and Earthquake forecasting[J].Terra Nova,2008,20(6):440-448.
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