火山岩地层地震反射特征和地震-地质联合解释:以徐家围子断陷为例
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摘要
火山岩地层的地震反射特征可通过地震参数、反射结构与地震相、地震地层结构进行地质解释.徐家围子断陷营城组是一套以火山岩占优势的火山岩地层.钻遇营城组钻井与地震资料匹配给出了各种地震属性、反射结构和地震相的地质解释.在徐家围子断陷地震三维工区开展的火山岩地层的地震一地质联合解释包含三个层次:地震参数、反射结构与地震相、地震地层结构,反映火山作用和与相关的沉积作用的地层记录,其中反射结构与地震相是解释的重要环节.平行和发散反射结构可出现在自火山斜坡至盆地的环境,是火山物质较连续的展布和平稳堆积.前积反射结构可出现在火山斜坡至盆地的过渡环境,是火山物质的不连续和快速堆积.丘状和披盖反射结构可出现在火山口至盆地的各种环境中,与岩浆穹窿和基浪沉积有关.充填反射结构可出现在许多环境中,是火山物质下切冲蚀作用形成的.火山岩地层地震-地质解释遵循由大到小和由粗而细的原则,对应地震参数、反射结构与地震相和地震地层结构.
It is possible to describe the seismic features of volcanic strata in geology using seismic parameter,seismic reflection configuration and phases,and seismic stratigraphy.Yingcheng formation is a set of volcanic strata in which the volcanic rock is dominant in Xujiaweizi faulted depression of Songliao basin.Matching both the drilling data and seismic data of Yingcheng formation can give some geological interpretations of seismic attribute,reflection configuration and phases.The seismic-geological interpretation of volcanic strata in the 3D seismic region of Xujiaaweizi faulted depression contains three aspects;seismic parameter,seismic reflection configuration and phases,and architecture of seismic strata,responding to the stratigraphic records of volcanism and related sedimentation.The seismic reflection configuration and phases are the key to the seismic-geological interpretation.The parallel and divergent reflections occurred in rock beds formed in the transitional environments from volcanic slope to basin, showing continuous distribution and stable accumulation of volcanic materials.The progradational reflections often occurred in rock beds formed from volcanic slope to basin, showing the characteristics of non-continuous and rapid accumulation.The mound and cover reflections occurred in some environments from crater to basin,related to magma extrusion and hot surge accumulation.The filling reflections occurred in many environments,showing deep cutting and erosion of volcanic materials.The possible geological interpretation of seismic volcanic stratigraphy should obey a rule that is " from large to small scale and from outline to detail",corresponding to seismic parameter,seismic reflection configuration and phases,and architecture of seismic strata.
It is possible to describe the seismic features of volcanic strata in geology using seismic parameter,seismic reflection configuration and phases,and seismic stratigraphy.Yingcheng formation is a set of volcanic strata in which the volcanic rock is dominant in Xujiaweizi faulted depression of Songliao basin.Matching both the drilling data and seismic data of Yingcheng formation can give some geological interpretations of seismic attribute,reflection configuration and phases.The seismic-geological interpretation of volcanic strata in the 3D seismic region of Xujiaaweizi faulted depression contains three aspects;seismic parameter,seismic reflection configuration and phases,and architecture of seismic strata,responding to the stratigraphic records of volcanism and related sedimentation.The seismic reflection configuration and phases are the key to the seismic-geological interpretation.The parallel and divergent reflections occurred in rock beds formed in the transitional environments from volcanic slope to basin, showing continuous distribution and stable accumulation of volcanic materials.The progradational reflections often occurred in rock beds formed from volcanic slope to basin, showing the characteristics of non-continuous and rapid accumulation.The mound and cover reflections occurred in some environments from crater to basin,related to magma extrusion and hot surge accumulation.The filling reflections occurred in many environments,showing deep cutting and erosion of volcanic materials.The possible geological interpretation of seismic volcanic stratigraphy should obey a rule that is " from large to small scale and from outline to detail",corresponding to seismic parameter,seismic reflection configuration and phases,and architecture of seismic strata.
引文
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[4] 崔凤林,曹国银,张向君等.松辽盆地北部东部深层火山岩处理解释技术及效果.天然气工业,2008,27(增刊A):125～127 Cui F L,Cao G Y,Zhang X J,et al.Volcanic rocks processing and interpretation technology and its effect in north and eastern in Songliao basin.Natural Gas Industry (in Chinese),2008,27(Sup A):125-127
[5] 杨辉,张研,邹才能等.松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷火山岩分布及天然气富集规律.地球物理学报,2006,49(4) :1136～1143 Yang H,Zhang Y,Zou C N,et al.Volcanic rock distribution and gas abundance regularity in Xujiaweizi faulted depression,Songliao basin.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49 (4) :1136-1143
[6] 陈树民,王建民,裴江云.地震技术创新在大庆油气勘探中的实效性分析.大庆石油地质与开发,2009,28(5) :267～273 Chen S M,Wang J M,Pei J Y.Analysis on the effectiveness of seismic technical innovation in Daqing petroleum exploration.Petroleum Geology and Oil field Development in Daqing, 2009,28(5) :267-273
[7] Payton C E.Seismic Stratigraphy-Applicationsto hydrocarbon exploration,AAPGMem,26,Tulsa,Oklahoma,516 publication,1977
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[9] Breitsprecher K,Thorkelson D J,Schwab D L,et al.Volcanic stratigraphy and petrology of the eastern margin of the Kamloops Group near Enderby,British Columbia:Geological Survey of Canada,Current Research 2000-A17,2000． 1-7
[10] 孙善平,刘永顺,钟蓉等.火山碎屑岩分类评述及火山沉积学研究展望.岩石矿物学杂志,2001,20(3) :313～317 Sun S P,Liu Y S,Zhong R,et al.Classification ot pyroclastic rocks and trend of volcanic sedimentology:A review.Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica (in Chinese),2001,20(3) :313-317
[11] Einsele G.Sedimentary Basins:Evolution,Facies and Budget.Berlin:Springer,2000． 64-74
[12] 程日辉,刘万洙,王璞珺等.松辽盆地东缘下白垩统营城组二段火山碎屑沉积的过程、相和结构,吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2007,37(6) :1166～1175 Cheng R H,Liu W Z,Wang P J,et al.Processes,facies and architecture of the early cretaceous pyroclastic deposits of the second member,Yingcheng formation,the eastern margin of the Songliao basin.Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition) (in Chinese),2007,37(6) :1166-1175
[13] 地球科学大辞典编委会.地球科学大辞典,北京:地质出版社,2006． 991 Editorial Board of Dictionary of Earth Sciences.Dictionary of Earth Sciences (in Chinese),Beijing:Geological Publishing House ,2006． 991
[14] Mitchum R M,Vail P R,Sangree J B.Seismic stratigraphy and global change of sea level,part 6:Stratigraphy interpretation of seimic refletion patterns in depositional sequences.In:Payton C E ed.Seismic StratigraphyApplications to hydrocarbon exploration.Tulsa,Oklahoma:AAPG Mem,1977 ,26:117-133．
[15] 唐华风,王璞珺,姜传金等.松辽盆地火山岩相地震特征及其与控陷断裂的关系.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2007,37(1) :73～78 Tang H F,Wang P J,Jiang C J,et al.Seismic characters of volcanic facies and their distribution relation to deep faults in Songliao basin,Journal of J ilin University (Earth Science Edition) (in Chinese),2007,37(1) :73-78
[16] Sheriff R E.Limitations on resolution of seismic reflections and geologic detail derivable from them.In:Payton C E,ed.Seismic stratigraphy applications to hydrocarbon exploration.AAPG Memoir,1977,26:3-34
[17] 裴江云,刘洪,李幼铭等.共反射弧叠加方法在火山岩成像中的应用,地球物理学报,2004,47(1) :106～111 Pei J Y,Liu H,Li Y M,et al.Application of seismic data common reflection arc stack method in imaging of igneous rocks.Chinese J.G-eophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(1) :106-111
[18] 唐华风,王璞珺,姜传金等.波形分类方法在松辽盆地火山岩相识别中的应用,石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(4) :440～444 Tang H F,Wang P J,Jiang C J,et al.Application of waveform classification to identify volcanic facies in Songliao basin.Oil Geophysical Prospecting (in Chinese),2007,42(4) :440-444
[19] 唐华风,王璞珺,姜传金等.松辽盆地白垩系营城组隐伏火山机构物理模型和地震识别.地球物理学进展,2007,22(2) :530～536 Tang H F,Wang P J,Jiang C J,et al.Physical model and seimic recognition of concealed volcanic edifices of Yingcheng Formation in Songliao Basin,Cretaceous,NE China.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2007,22(2) :530-536
[20] 伍菁华,黄芸,张继武等.火山岩相地震识别方法在准噶尔盆地东部的应用.天然气工业,2007,27(增刊A):481～482 Wu J H,Huang Y,Zhang J W,et al.Application of seismic recognition of vocanic facies in the eastern in Junggar basin.Natural Gas Industry (in Chinese),2007,27(Suppl.A):481-482
[21] Brown L F Jr and Fisher W L.Seimic Stratigraphic Interpretation and Petroleun Exloration,Continuing Education Course Note Series 16,AAPG Department of Education,1980
[22] Planke S,Symonds P A,Alvestad E,Scogseid J.Seismic volcanostratigraphy of large-volume basaltic extrusive complexes on rifted margins.J Geophysical Research-Solid Earth,2000,105(8) :19335-19351
[23] Berndt C,Planke S,Alvestad E,et al.Seismic volcanostratigraphy of the Norwegian Margin:constraints on tectonomagmatic break-up processes.Journal of the Geological Society ,2001,158(3) :413-426
[24] 王璞珺,张功成,蒙启安等.地震火山地层学及其在我国火山岩盆地中的应用.地球物理学报,2010,54(2) :597～610 Wang P J,Zhang G C,Meng Q Aet al.Applications of seismic volcanostratigraphy to the volcanic rifted basins of China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2010,54(2) :597-610
[25] 侯启军,赵志魁,王立武.火山岩油气藏松辽盆地南部大型火山岩气藏勘探理论与实践.北京:科学出版社,2009 Hou Q J,Zhao Z K,Wang L W.Volcanic Gas Reservoirs Principle and Exploration-Example from Southern Songliao Basin (in Chinese).Beiiing:Science Press,2009
[26] 徐颖新,尚华,李秀珍等.火山岩地震解释技术在松辽盆地长岭断陷深层天然气勘探中的应用.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(增1) :63～68 Xu Y X,Shang H,Li X Z,et al.Application of volcanic rock seismic interpretation technique to deep natural gas exploration in Changling fault depression of Songliao basin.Oil Geophysical Prospecting (in Chinese),2008,43(Suppl.1) :63-68
[2] Wang P J,Liu W Z,Wang S X,et al.~(40) Ar/~(39) Ar andK/ Ar dating on the volcanic rocks in the Songliao basin,NE China:constrains on stratigraphy and basin dynamics.International Journal of Earth Science,2002,91:331-340
[3] 王璞珺,冯志强,刘万洙等.盆地火山岩:岩性·岩相·储层·气藏·勘探.北京:科学出版社,2008． 99～102 Wang P J,Feng Z Q,Liu W Z,et al.Volcanic Rocks in Petroliferous Basins:Petrography.Facies.Reservoir.Pool.Exploration (in Chinese).Beijing:Science Press,2008． 99-102
[4] 崔凤林,曹国银,张向君等.松辽盆地北部东部深层火山岩处理解释技术及效果.天然气工业,2008,27(增刊A):125～127 Cui F L,Cao G Y,Zhang X J,et al.Volcanic rocks processing and interpretation technology and its effect in north and eastern in Songliao basin.Natural Gas Industry (in Chinese),2008,27(Sup A):125-127
[5] 杨辉,张研,邹才能等.松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷火山岩分布及天然气富集规律.地球物理学报,2006,49(4) :1136～1143 Yang H,Zhang Y,Zou C N,et al.Volcanic rock distribution and gas abundance regularity in Xujiaweizi faulted depression,Songliao basin.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49 (4) :1136-1143
[6] 陈树民,王建民,裴江云.地震技术创新在大庆油气勘探中的实效性分析.大庆石油地质与开发,2009,28(5) :267～273 Chen S M,Wang J M,Pei J Y.Analysis on the effectiveness of seismic technical innovation in Daqing petroleum exploration.Petroleum Geology and Oil field Development in Daqing, 2009,28(5) :267-273
[7] Payton C E.Seismic Stratigraphy-Applicationsto hydrocarbon exploration,AAPGMem,26,Tulsa,Oklahoma,516 publication,1977
[8] 唐华风,徐正顺,王璞珺等.松辽盆地白垩系营城组埋藏火山机构岩相定量模型及储层流动单元特征,吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2007,6(37) :1074～1082 Tang H F,Xu Z S,Wang P J,et al.Facies quantitive model and characteristics of reservoirs flow unit of buried volcanic edifice of Yingcheng formation in Songliao Basin,Cretaceous,NE China.Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition) (in Chinese),2007,6(37) :1074-1082
[9] Breitsprecher K,Thorkelson D J,Schwab D L,et al.Volcanic stratigraphy and petrology of the eastern margin of the Kamloops Group near Enderby,British Columbia:Geological Survey of Canada,Current Research 2000-A17,2000． 1-7
[10] 孙善平,刘永顺,钟蓉等.火山碎屑岩分类评述及火山沉积学研究展望.岩石矿物学杂志,2001,20(3) :313～317 Sun S P,Liu Y S,Zhong R,et al.Classification ot pyroclastic rocks and trend of volcanic sedimentology:A review.Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica (in Chinese),2001,20(3) :313-317
[11] Einsele G.Sedimentary Basins:Evolution,Facies and Budget.Berlin:Springer,2000． 64-74
[12] 程日辉,刘万洙,王璞珺等.松辽盆地东缘下白垩统营城组二段火山碎屑沉积的过程、相和结构,吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2007,37(6) :1166～1175 Cheng R H,Liu W Z,Wang P J,et al.Processes,facies and architecture of the early cretaceous pyroclastic deposits of the second member,Yingcheng formation,the eastern margin of the Songliao basin.Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition) (in Chinese),2007,37(6) :1166-1175
[13] 地球科学大辞典编委会.地球科学大辞典,北京:地质出版社,2006． 991 Editorial Board of Dictionary of Earth Sciences.Dictionary of Earth Sciences (in Chinese),Beijing:Geological Publishing House ,2006． 991
[14] Mitchum R M,Vail P R,Sangree J B.Seismic stratigraphy and global change of sea level,part 6:Stratigraphy interpretation of seimic refletion patterns in depositional sequences.In:Payton C E ed.Seismic StratigraphyApplications to hydrocarbon exploration.Tulsa,Oklahoma:AAPG Mem,1977 ,26:117-133．
[15] 唐华风,王璞珺,姜传金等.松辽盆地火山岩相地震特征及其与控陷断裂的关系.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2007,37(1) :73～78 Tang H F,Wang P J,Jiang C J,et al.Seismic characters of volcanic facies and their distribution relation to deep faults in Songliao basin,Journal of J ilin University (Earth Science Edition) (in Chinese),2007,37(1) :73-78
[16] Sheriff R E.Limitations on resolution of seismic reflections and geologic detail derivable from them.In:Payton C E,ed.Seismic stratigraphy applications to hydrocarbon exploration.AAPG Memoir,1977,26:3-34
[17] 裴江云,刘洪,李幼铭等.共反射弧叠加方法在火山岩成像中的应用,地球物理学报,2004,47(1) :106～111 Pei J Y,Liu H,Li Y M,et al.Application of seismic data common reflection arc stack method in imaging of igneous rocks.Chinese J.G-eophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(1) :106-111
[18] 唐华风,王璞珺,姜传金等.波形分类方法在松辽盆地火山岩相识别中的应用,石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(4) :440～444 Tang H F,Wang P J,Jiang C J,et al.Application of waveform classification to identify volcanic facies in Songliao basin.Oil Geophysical Prospecting (in Chinese),2007,42(4) :440-444
[19] 唐华风,王璞珺,姜传金等.松辽盆地白垩系营城组隐伏火山机构物理模型和地震识别.地球物理学进展,2007,22(2) :530～536 Tang H F,Wang P J,Jiang C J,et al.Physical model and seimic recognition of concealed volcanic edifices of Yingcheng Formation in Songliao Basin,Cretaceous,NE China.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2007,22(2) :530-536
[20] 伍菁华,黄芸,张继武等.火山岩相地震识别方法在准噶尔盆地东部的应用.天然气工业,2007,27(增刊A):481～482 Wu J H,Huang Y,Zhang J W,et al.Application of seismic recognition of vocanic facies in the eastern in Junggar basin.Natural Gas Industry (in Chinese),2007,27(Suppl.A):481-482
[21] Brown L F Jr and Fisher W L.Seimic Stratigraphic Interpretation and Petroleun Exloration,Continuing Education Course Note Series 16,AAPG Department of Education,1980
[22] Planke S,Symonds P A,Alvestad E,Scogseid J.Seismic volcanostratigraphy of large-volume basaltic extrusive complexes on rifted margins.J Geophysical Research-Solid Earth,2000,105(8) :19335-19351
[23] Berndt C,Planke S,Alvestad E,et al.Seismic volcanostratigraphy of the Norwegian Margin:constraints on tectonomagmatic break-up processes.Journal of the Geological Society ,2001,158(3) :413-426
[24] 王璞珺,张功成,蒙启安等.地震火山地层学及其在我国火山岩盆地中的应用.地球物理学报,2010,54(2) :597～610 Wang P J,Zhang G C,Meng Q Aet al.Applications of seismic volcanostratigraphy to the volcanic rifted basins of China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2010,54(2) :597-610
[25] 侯启军,赵志魁,王立武.火山岩油气藏松辽盆地南部大型火山岩气藏勘探理论与实践.北京:科学出版社,2009 Hou Q J,Zhao Z K,Wang L W.Volcanic Gas Reservoirs Principle and Exploration-Example from Southern Songliao Basin (in Chinese).Beiiing:Science Press,2009
[26] 徐颖新,尚华,李秀珍等.火山岩地震解释技术在松辽盆地长岭断陷深层天然气勘探中的应用.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(增1) :63～68 Xu Y X,Shang H,Li X Z,et al.Application of volcanic rock seismic interpretation technique to deep natural gas exploration in Changling fault depression of Songliao basin.Oil Geophysical Prospecting (in Chinese),2008,43(Suppl.1) :63-68
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