汶川大地震中广元市水库震害调查与分析
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摘要
汶川8.0级特大地震对四川省广元市的水库造成了不同程度的破坏和重大的经济损失。依据广元市水库地震灾害的现场科学考察资料,对该市53座次高危以上险情的水库进行了震害调查与分析、震前病害统计与分析,可以发现:大多数水库土石坝在震前处于带病运行状态;水库的震害主要包括坝体变形、大坝渗漏、泄水建筑物和附属设施损毁等;地震烈度、震中距、修建年代、土石坝坝型与几何构型,以及水库震前的运行状态是影响水库震害程度的主要因素。该研究丰富了水库土石坝震害的基础性资料,并提出了改进水库土石坝抗震性能设计的建设性意见。
The Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake,in varying degrees,has resulted in great damages and severe economic losses to the reservoirs in Guangyuan City of Sichuan Province.Investigation and analysis of the reservoirs' seismic damage were conducted on the basis of documents from the field scientific investigation of 53 seismic damage reservoirs in the city.It is found that the typical damage mainly included dam deformation,leakage,as well as the damage of discharge structures and subsidiary facilities.It could be seen that the most reservoirs ran in the disease state before earthquake.The main factors influencing the earthquake damage degree are earthquake intensity,epicentral distance,time of construction,type and geometric configuration of earth-rock dam,and the operation state of the reservoir before earthquake.The study would enrich the basic data of earthquake damage,and put forward constructive proposals to improve the seismic performance of earth-rock dam reservoirs.
The Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake,in varying degrees,has resulted in great damages and severe economic losses to the reservoirs in Guangyuan City of Sichuan Province.Investigation and analysis of the reservoirs' seismic damage were conducted on the basis of documents from the field scientific investigation of 53 seismic damage reservoirs in the city.It is found that the typical damage mainly included dam deformation,leakage,as well as the damage of discharge structures and subsidiary facilities.It could be seen that the most reservoirs ran in the disease state before earthquake.The main factors influencing the earthquake damage degree are earthquake intensity,epicentral distance,time of construction,type and geometric configuration of earth-rock dam,and the operation state of the reservoir before earthquake.The study would enrich the basic data of earthquake damage,and put forward constructive proposals to improve the seismic performance of earth-rock dam reservoirs.
引文
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[2]张家发,程展林,文松霖等.“5.12”汶川地震对土石坝的损害及应急处置[J].人民长江,2008,39(22):9～11.ZHANG Jia-fa,CHENG Zhan-lin,WEN Song-lin,et al.Damage on earth-rock dams by“5.12”Wenchuan Earthquake and emergencyhandling[J].Yangtze River,2008,39(22):9～11.
[2]张家发,程展林,文松霖等.“5.12”汶川地震对土石坝的损害及应急处置[J].人民长江,2008,39(22):9～11.ZHANG Jia-fa,CHENG Zhan-lin,WEN Song-lin,et al.Damage on earth-rock dams by“5.12”Wenchuan Earthquake and emergencyhandling[J].Yangtze River,2008,39(22):9～11.
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