串联匹配滤波法在混合震源资料处理中的应用
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摘要
在资料处理中,常会遇到炸药震源和可控震源联合采集的资料,由于2种震源记录的波组特征以及频率、能量和相位不一致,在资料的衔接处就会出现不匹配问题。解决这一问题的方法是消除2种资料之间的不一致性。目前运用较广泛的方法是,利用2种震源资料的重复叠加段求取匹配算子,然后进行匹配滤波,但该方法要求重复叠加段有可靠的波组特征和较高的信噪比。为此,提出了一种叠前多点综合串联匹配滤波处理技术。该技术在叠前通过逐步逼近法,并利用叠加手段提高匹配算子的稳定性,实现提高2种震源记录一致性的目的。介绍了串联匹配滤波法的基本原理和实现步骤；利用实际资料分别进行了常规匹配滤波、串联匹配滤波和多点综合串联匹配滤波处理。处理结果表明,多点综合串联匹配滤波法比常规的匹配滤波法能更有效地提高2种震源记录的一致性。
In data processing,dynamite source and vibroseis can be joint- ly used to acquire data.Because the composite wave characteris- tics,frequency,energy,and phase recorded by the two sources are inconsistent,the mismatched problems appear at the joint of the data,and the unique method to solve the problem is removing the inconsistency.The commonly used method at present is to adopt the repeated stack interval of the data from the two sources to cal- culate the matching operator and then to perform the matched filte- ring.This method requires assured composite wave characteristics and high S/N ratio of the repeated stack interval.So a new meth- od,the cascade matched filtering processing technique character- ized by pre-stack multi-points,is proposed,which uses iteration before stack and utilizes stack to improve the stability of the matc- hing operator to realize the consistency of the two kinds of source record.The basic principles and implementation steps of cascade matched filtering method are introduced.In comparison,some ac- tual data are processed by both the conventional method and the new one,indicating that the new method is more effective in impro- ving the consistency of the two kinds of source record than the con- ventional one.
In data processing,dynamite source and vibroseis can be joint- ly used to acquire data.Because the composite wave characteris- tics,frequency,energy,and phase recorded by the two sources are inconsistent,the mismatched problems appear at the joint of the data,and the unique method to solve the problem is removing the inconsistency.The commonly used method at present is to adopt the repeated stack interval of the data from the two sources to cal- culate the matching operator and then to perform the matched filte- ring.This method requires assured composite wave characteristics and high S/N ratio of the repeated stack interval.So a new meth- od,the cascade matched filtering processing technique character- ized by pre-stack multi-points,is proposed,which uses iteration before stack and utilizes stack to improve the stability of the matc- hing operator to realize the consistency of the two kinds of source record.The basic principles and implementation steps of cascade matched filtering method are introduced.In comparison,some ac- tual data are processed by both the conventional method and the new one,indicating that the new method is more effective in impro- ving the consistency of the two kinds of source record than the con- ventional one.
引文
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8梁光河．地震子波提取方法研究[J]．石油物探，1998，37(1)：31～39
2陈志卿，张兰．子波一致性校正方法在地震资料处理中的应用[J]．石油物探，2006，45(2)：169～172
3石战结，田钢，董世学等．沙漠地区地震检波器耦合的高频信号匹配滤波技术[J]．石油物探，2005，44(3)：261～263
4王西文，周立宏．三维地震资料拼接中的地震子波处理[J]．石油物探，2002，41(4)：448～451，455
5邬达理．匹配滤波法在大炮检距资料处理中的应用[J]．石油物探，2004，43(6)：599～601
6金龙，陈小宏，李景叶．基于误差准则和循环迭代的时移地震匹配滤波方法[J]．地球物理学报，2005，48(3)：698～703
7王晓华，杨汝超，吴建文等．炸药震源激发子波特性研究及最佳激发井深选择[J]．石油物探，2000，39(3)：79～86，99
8梁光河．地震子波提取方法研究[J]．石油物探，1998，37(1)：31～39
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