地震导致地壳块体损伤的平板模型和加卸载响应比新定义
|
摘要
地震孕育的实质是孕震区介质的损伤程度不断增加,最后导致突然失稳(破坏)。研究地块的损伤演化是研究地震孕育过程的科学方法。加卸载响应比(LURR)的提出正是基于这一基本思路,把地壳块体看作平板,断层看作平板中的裂纹,建立了地壳块体的平板模型。该模型可以用来研究地震形成的断层导致的地块损伤,损伤程度用刚度的减少来刻画。研究了地块在地震影响下弹性性质的变化及损伤,并把它们作为加载与卸载响应量,进一步得到新的LURR解析式,赋予LURR以新的、更为确切的物理意义。
Earthquake is a kind of complex natural phenomena and its physical essence is that the seismogenic fault undergoes the shear rupture accompanying rapid energy release.The essence of the earthquake preparation is the increase in the extent of the damage of the seismogenic zone until a sudden instability occurring in the medium.To study the evolution of the seismogenic zone's damage is an effective scientific method to research the earthquake preparation.According to this idea,the Load/Unload Response Ratio(LURR)theory was put forward.In this paper,a block of crust is simplified as a plate,and the fault caused by earthquake is seen as a crack in the plate.The damage caused by earthquakes could be measured by the reduction of the crustal block's rigidity.We study the change of elastic modulus and the damage of the crustal block,and use them as new responses of load and unload.Further more,we derive new analytical formulas of the LURR,which give the LURR a new and more precise physical meaning.
Earthquake is a kind of complex natural phenomena and its physical essence is that the seismogenic fault undergoes the shear rupture accompanying rapid energy release.The essence of the earthquake preparation is the increase in the extent of the damage of the seismogenic zone until a sudden instability occurring in the medium.To study the evolution of the seismogenic zone's damage is an effective scientific method to research the earthquake preparation.According to this idea,the Load/Unload Response Ratio(LURR)theory was put forward.In this paper,a block of crust is simplified as a plate,and the fault caused by earthquake is seen as a crack in the plate.The damage caused by earthquakes could be measured by the reduction of the crustal block's rigidity.We study the change of elastic modulus and the damage of the crustal block,and use them as new responses of load and unload.Further more,we derive new analytical formulas of the LURR,which give the LURR a new and more precise physical meaning.
引文
[1]傅承义,陈运泰,祈贵仲.地球物理学基础[M].北京:科学出版社,1985:255-261.
[2]Aki K,Richards P G.Quantitative Seismology Theory and Methods,Vol.1[M].New York:W.H.Freeman and Company,1980:30-50.
[3]尹祥础.地震预测新途径的探索[J].中国地震,1987,3(1):1-7.
[4]尹祥础,尹灿.非线性系统失稳的前兆与地震预报:响应比理论及其应用[J].中国科学:B辑,1991,21(5):512-518.
[5]尹祥础,陈学忠,尹灿.加卸载响应比:一个刻划构造运动稳定性的新参数及其在地质灾害预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,1993,8(4):97-103.
[6]Yin X C,Chen X Z,Song Z P,et al.A new approach to earthquake prediction:The Load/Unload Response Ratio(LURR)theory[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,1995,145(3/4):701-715.
[7]Krajcinovic D.Damage Mechanics[M].New York:Elsevier,1996:1-33.
[8]Yin X C,Mora P,Peng K Y,et al.Load-unload response ratio and accelerating moment/energy release critical region scaling and earthquake prediction[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,2002,159:2511-2523.
[9]Yin X C,Chen X Z,Wang Y C,et al.Development of a new approach to earthquake prediction:Load/Unload Response Ratio(LURR)theory[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,2000,157(11/12):2365-2383.
[10]余怀忠,尹祥础,夏蒙棼,等.加卸载响应比理论的实验研究[J].中国地震,2003,19(1):58-66.
[11]张晖辉,尹祥础,梁乃刚.中国大陆地区中强地震前加卸载响应比异常时间尺度的统计研究[J].中国地震,2005,21(4):486-495.
[12]Yin X C,Zhang L P,Zhang H H,et al.LURR's twenty years and its perspective[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,2006,163(11/12):2317-2341.
[13]Yin X C,Liu Y,Mora P,et al.New progress in LURR:Integrating with the dimensional method[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,2013,170:229-236.
[14]刘月,尹祥础,袁帅,等.量纲分析应用于地震预测的探索[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(9):3043-3050.
[15]尹祥础,张晖辉,余怀忠,等.加卸载响应比理论的新进展及其对中国大陆未来地震趋势的预测[M]∥中国地震趋势预测研究(2004年度).北京:地震出版社,2003:282-285.
[16]尹祥础,张晖辉,彭克银,等.多时空尺度加卸载响应比扫描预测2005年度中国大陆地震趋势[M]∥中国地震趋势预测研究(2005年度).北京:地震出版社,2004:285-291.
[17]尹祥础,张晖辉,张浪平,等.从加卸载响应比的变化预测中国大陆地震趋势[M]∥中国地震趋势预测研究(2006年度).北京:地震出版社,2005:92-96.
[18]尹祥础,张浪平,张永仙,等.从加卸载响应比的时空演化预测中国大陆2007年地震趋势的初步研究[M]∥中国大陆强震趋势预测研究(2007年度).北京:地震出版社,2006:90-95.
[19]张浪平,尹祥础,庄建仓,等.汶川余震序列的加卸载响应比分析[J].地震,2009,29(1):60-67.
[20]Zhang L P,Yu H Z,Yin X C.Failure potential evaluation in engineering experiments using load/unload response ratio method[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,2013,170:237-245.
[21]Timoshenko S,Woinowsky-Krieger S.Theory of Plates and Shells[M].2nd ed.New York:McGraw-Hill,1959:1-3.
[22]Mark L.Earthquake fault scaling:Self-consistent relating of rupture length,width,average displacement,and moment release[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2010,100(54):1971-1988.
[23]Walsh J B.The effect of cracks in the uniaxial elastic compression of rocks[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1965,70:399-411.
[24]Jaeger J C,Cook N G W.Fundamentals of Rock Mechanics[M].3rd ed.London:Chapman and Hall,1979:329-337.
[25]Kanamori H,Anderson D L.Theoretical basis of some empirical relation in seismology[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1975,65:1073-1096.
[2]Aki K,Richards P G.Quantitative Seismology Theory and Methods,Vol.1[M].New York:W.H.Freeman and Company,1980:30-50.
[3]尹祥础.地震预测新途径的探索[J].中国地震,1987,3(1):1-7.
[4]尹祥础,尹灿.非线性系统失稳的前兆与地震预报:响应比理论及其应用[J].中国科学:B辑,1991,21(5):512-518.
[5]尹祥础,陈学忠,尹灿.加卸载响应比:一个刻划构造运动稳定性的新参数及其在地质灾害预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,1993,8(4):97-103.
[6]Yin X C,Chen X Z,Song Z P,et al.A new approach to earthquake prediction:The Load/Unload Response Ratio(LURR)theory[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,1995,145(3/4):701-715.
[7]Krajcinovic D.Damage Mechanics[M].New York:Elsevier,1996:1-33.
[8]Yin X C,Mora P,Peng K Y,et al.Load-unload response ratio and accelerating moment/energy release critical region scaling and earthquake prediction[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,2002,159:2511-2523.
[9]Yin X C,Chen X Z,Wang Y C,et al.Development of a new approach to earthquake prediction:Load/Unload Response Ratio(LURR)theory[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,2000,157(11/12):2365-2383.
[10]余怀忠,尹祥础,夏蒙棼,等.加卸载响应比理论的实验研究[J].中国地震,2003,19(1):58-66.
[11]张晖辉,尹祥础,梁乃刚.中国大陆地区中强地震前加卸载响应比异常时间尺度的统计研究[J].中国地震,2005,21(4):486-495.
[12]Yin X C,Zhang L P,Zhang H H,et al.LURR's twenty years and its perspective[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,2006,163(11/12):2317-2341.
[13]Yin X C,Liu Y,Mora P,et al.New progress in LURR:Integrating with the dimensional method[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,2013,170:229-236.
[14]刘月,尹祥础,袁帅,等.量纲分析应用于地震预测的探索[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(9):3043-3050.
[15]尹祥础,张晖辉,余怀忠,等.加卸载响应比理论的新进展及其对中国大陆未来地震趋势的预测[M]∥中国地震趋势预测研究(2004年度).北京:地震出版社,2003:282-285.
[16]尹祥础,张晖辉,彭克银,等.多时空尺度加卸载响应比扫描预测2005年度中国大陆地震趋势[M]∥中国地震趋势预测研究(2005年度).北京:地震出版社,2004:285-291.
[17]尹祥础,张晖辉,张浪平,等.从加卸载响应比的变化预测中国大陆地震趋势[M]∥中国地震趋势预测研究(2006年度).北京:地震出版社,2005:92-96.
[18]尹祥础,张浪平,张永仙,等.从加卸载响应比的时空演化预测中国大陆2007年地震趋势的初步研究[M]∥中国大陆强震趋势预测研究(2007年度).北京:地震出版社,2006:90-95.
[19]张浪平,尹祥础,庄建仓,等.汶川余震序列的加卸载响应比分析[J].地震,2009,29(1):60-67.
[20]Zhang L P,Yu H Z,Yin X C.Failure potential evaluation in engineering experiments using load/unload response ratio method[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,2013,170:237-245.
[21]Timoshenko S,Woinowsky-Krieger S.Theory of Plates and Shells[M].2nd ed.New York:McGraw-Hill,1959:1-3.
[22]Mark L.Earthquake fault scaling:Self-consistent relating of rupture length,width,average displacement,and moment release[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2010,100(54):1971-1988.
[23]Walsh J B.The effect of cracks in the uniaxial elastic compression of rocks[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1965,70:399-411.
[24]Jaeger J C,Cook N G W.Fundamentals of Rock Mechanics[M].3rd ed.London:Chapman and Hall,1979:329-337.
[25]Kanamori H,Anderson D L.Theoretical basis of some empirical relation in seismology[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1975,65:1073-1096.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心