对断层开启机制的再认识
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摘要
综述了断层开启机制的研究现状。结合地壳中的流体作用,从微裂隙-裂缝-断层的动态发育过程,对地震泵作用的微观机理进行了理论探讨,认为流体直接参与了断层、地震的孕育和发生过程,断层从其孕育到宏观破裂的整个过程中都是流体运移的指向区,断层开启与否不完全受断层活动及其强度控制。对断裂带中各种充填物进行微细结构及分层测年研究,可以精确确定史前断层开启的时间和期次,恢复断层的开启历史。
The present situation of fault unsealing research is summarized. Combined with the effect of fluid in the earth crust, the microscopic mechanism of seismic pumping was discussed on the dynamic developing processes from microcrack to fracture and then to fault. It is considered that fluid has directly participated in the pregnant and developing processes of fault and seismic, fault is the orientation of fluid migration through the whole processes from pregnant to macrofracture, and whether fault unsealing or not is not entirely controlled by the fault activity and its intension. Research on the microstructure and layering timing of the various fillings in the fault zone can exactly determine the unsealing timing and period -times of prehistoric fault , and resume the unsealing history of fault.
The present situation of fault unsealing research is summarized. Combined with the effect of fluid in the earth crust, the microscopic mechanism of seismic pumping was discussed on the dynamic developing processes from microcrack to fracture and then to fault. It is considered that fluid has directly participated in the pregnant and developing processes of fault and seismic, fault is the orientation of fluid migration through the whole processes from pregnant to macrofracture, and whether fault unsealing or not is not entirely controlled by the fault activity and its intension. Research on the microstructure and layering timing of the various fillings in the fault zone can exactly determine the unsealing timing and period -times of prehistoric fault , and resume the unsealing history of fault.
引文
1 Sibson. Seismic pumping-a hydrothermal fluid transport mechanism. Journal of Geololgy Science,1975,131 (6) :653-660
2 Hooper E C D. fluid migration along growth faults in compacting sediments. Journal of Petroleum Geology,1991,4(2) :161-180
3 Steven Losh, Lorraine Eglinton, Martin Schoell et al. Vertical and lateral fluid flow related to a large growth fault, south Eugene island block 330 field,offshore Louisiana. AAPG Bulletin, 1999,283(2): 244-276
4 华保钦.构造应力场、地震泵和油气运移.沉积学报,1995,13 (2):77-85
5 王志欣,信荃麟.关于地下断层封闭性的讨论--以东营凹陷为 例.高校地质学报,1997,3(3):293-300
6 阎福礼,贾东,卢华复等.东营凹陷油气运移的地震泵作用.石油 与天然气地质,1999,20(4):295-298
7 于品清.水在水库地震中的作用.地震研究,1984,7(4):441 -452
8 荣代潞,金发辉,贺玉亭等.水的临界温度对大震孕育和发生的 作用的模拟试验研究.地震学报,1992,14(2):156-163
9 林元武.温泉热储温度对断裂的弱化作用及其对地震活动性的 影响.地震学报,1994,16(2):251-257
10 Cox S F . Faulting process at high fluid pressure an example of fault valve behavior from the water gully fault. Journal of Geophysical Research,1996,100(7):12841-12859
11 曾溅辉,金之钧.油气二次运移和聚集物理模拟.北京:石油工业 出版社,2000:159-170
12 王平.论油气再运移--复杂断块油田形成条件系列论文之三. 断块油气田,1994,1(2):1-4
2 Hooper E C D. fluid migration along growth faults in compacting sediments. Journal of Petroleum Geology,1991,4(2) :161-180
3 Steven Losh, Lorraine Eglinton, Martin Schoell et al. Vertical and lateral fluid flow related to a large growth fault, south Eugene island block 330 field,offshore Louisiana. AAPG Bulletin, 1999,283(2): 244-276
4 华保钦.构造应力场、地震泵和油气运移.沉积学报,1995,13 (2):77-85
5 王志欣,信荃麟.关于地下断层封闭性的讨论--以东营凹陷为 例.高校地质学报,1997,3(3):293-300
6 阎福礼,贾东,卢华复等.东营凹陷油气运移的地震泵作用.石油 与天然气地质,1999,20(4):295-298
7 于品清.水在水库地震中的作用.地震研究,1984,7(4):441 -452
8 荣代潞,金发辉,贺玉亭等.水的临界温度对大震孕育和发生的 作用的模拟试验研究.地震学报,1992,14(2):156-163
9 林元武.温泉热储温度对断裂的弱化作用及其对地震活动性的 影响.地震学报,1994,16(2):251-257
10 Cox S F . Faulting process at high fluid pressure an example of fault valve behavior from the water gully fault. Journal of Geophysical Research,1996,100(7):12841-12859
11 曾溅辉,金之钧.油气二次运移和聚集物理模拟.北京:石油工业 出版社,2000:159-170
12 王平.论油气再运移--复杂断块油田形成条件系列论文之三. 断块油气田,1994,1(2):1-4
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