南海珠江深水扇系统的沉积构造背景分析
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摘要
从深水扇系统的观点出发,主要基于对最近所采集的穿越整个白云凹陷的700余公里长电缆深反射(深达14 s)地震资料综合解释,结合南海大洋钻探的成果,对南海珠江深水扇系统沉积的构造背景特征进行了综合分析。研究发现:白云主凹在早中新世-中中新世期间(即大约距今25~10 Ma)是一个因坳陷期盆地基底的持续沉降及其相关断裂活动而形成的南海北部陆缘上的斜坡内盆地;白云主凹这个“斜坡内盆地”有别于世界上其它位于被动大陆边缘背景中(如西非近海、巴西近海、墨西哥湾)的斜坡内盆地;海平面变化、沉积物通量变化、构造活动等地质营力都在斜坡内盆地的构造背景上对南海珠江深水扇系统在不同时期产生了不同程度的重要影响。简言之,斜坡内盆地成就了南海珠江深水扇系统。这为以后进一步全面深入研究南海珠江深水扇系统的形成机制、演化过程、结构特征等有着重要意义。
The turbidite system in the intraslope basin of continental margin is one of the biggest hot spots of deep-water oil and gas exploration and development in recent years.A typical deep-water fan system has been discovered in Pearl River Mouth Basin of the north continental margin of South China Sea.It is the Zhujiang deep-water fan system in South China Sea.It has a giant oil and gas potential.Whether has it the structural background of sedimentation of intraslope basin? An integrated analysis is carried out to the structural background characteristic of sedimentation of the Zhujiang deep-water fan system in South China Sea from the point of view of deep-water fan system,mainly based on the integrated interpretation of 700 km long cables and deep reflection(14 s) seismic data acquired recently(the cable passes through the entire Baiyun sag),and combined with the research results of Ocean Drilling Program in South China Sea(ODP1148 sit).The research shows some results as follows.The Baiyun sag is an intraslope basin on the north continental margin in South China Sea from early Miocene to middle Miocene(i.e.about 25 Ma B.c.~ 10 Ma B.c.).It formed by continuous subsidence of the basin base in the period of depression and the associated tectonic activities.The intraslope basin in Baiyun sag is different from some others on many passive continental margins in the world(for example,West Africa offshore,Brazil offshore,the Gulf of Mexico).Some geological forces,e.g.eustatic change,change of sediment flux,tectonic activity and so on,have important effects on the Zhujiang deep-water fan system in South China Sea in different periods in some degree on the structural background of intraslope basin.In brief,it is the intraslope basin that has favored the formation of the Zhujiang deepwater fan system in South China Sea.This is of great significance for a further comprehensive study on the mechanism of formation,the evolutionary process,the structure characteristic and some others of the Zhujiang deep-water fan system in South China Sea henceforth.
The turbidite system in the intraslope basin of continental margin is one of the biggest hot spots of deep-water oil and gas exploration and development in recent years.A typical deep-water fan system has been discovered in Pearl River Mouth Basin of the north continental margin of South China Sea.It is the Zhujiang deep-water fan system in South China Sea.It has a giant oil and gas potential.Whether has it the structural background of sedimentation of intraslope basin? An integrated analysis is carried out to the structural background characteristic of sedimentation of the Zhujiang deep-water fan system in South China Sea from the point of view of deep-water fan system,mainly based on the integrated interpretation of 700 km long cables and deep reflection(14 s) seismic data acquired recently(the cable passes through the entire Baiyun sag),and combined with the research results of Ocean Drilling Program in South China Sea(ODP1148 sit).The research shows some results as follows.The Baiyun sag is an intraslope basin on the north continental margin in South China Sea from early Miocene to middle Miocene(i.e.about 25 Ma B.c.~ 10 Ma B.c.).It formed by continuous subsidence of the basin base in the period of depression and the associated tectonic activities.The intraslope basin in Baiyun sag is different from some others on many passive continental margins in the world(for example,West Africa offshore,Brazil offshore,the Gulf of Mexico).Some geological forces,e.g.eustatic change,change of sediment flux,tectonic activity and so on,have important effects on the Zhujiang deep-water fan system in South China Sea in different periods in some degree on the structural background of intraslope basin.In brief,it is the intraslope basin that has favored the formation of the Zhujiang deepwater fan system in South China Sea.This is of great significance for a further comprehensive study on the mechanism of formation,the evolutionary process,the structure characteristic and some others of the Zhujiang deep-water fan system in South China Sea henceforth.
引文
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[14]吴湘杰,周蒂,庞雄,等.白云凹陷地球物理场及深部结构特征[J].热带海洋学报,2005,24(2):62-69.
[15]陈斯忠,宋建民,陈伟煌.对海上找气的思考[J].中国海上油气(地质),2003,17(3):153-159.
[16]吴能友,曾维军,宋海斌,等.南海区域构造沉降特征[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2003,23(1):55-65.
[17]陈汉宗,吴湘杰,周蒂,等.珠江口盆地中新生代主要断裂特征和动力背景分析[J].热带海洋学报,2005,24(2):52-61.
[18]邵磊,吴国?,赵泉鸿,等.南海北部深水陆坡区物流演化史及海相烃源研究[R].中海石油研究中心南海东部研究院,同济大学海洋与地球科学学院,2003.
[19]APPS G M,PEEL F J,TRAVIS C J,et al.Struc-tural controls on Tertiary deep water deposition inthe northern Gulf of Mexico[C]//GCSSEPM Foun-dation 15th Annual Research Conference SubmarineFans and Turbidite Systems.1994:1-7.
[20]庞雄,陈长民,施和生,等.相对海平面变化与南海珠江深水扇系统的响应[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):167-78.
[2]STOW D A V,MAYALL M.Deep-water Sedimen-tary System:New models for the 21st Century[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2000,17(2):125-135.
[3]PETTINGILL H S,WEIMER P.Worldwide deep-water exploration and production:past,present,andfuture[J].The Leading Edge(Tulsa,OK),2002,21(4):371-376.
[4]WEIMER P.Sequence stratigraphy of intraslope tur-bidite systems:models for exploration and develop-ment[J].AAPG Bulletin,1998,82(11):2157.
[5]PRATHER B E,PIRMEZ C.Evolution of a shallowponded basin,Niger Delta slope[C]//Annual Meet-ing Expanded Abstracts.American Association ofPetroleum Geologists,2003:140-141.
[6]ANDREI T,BERNARD L,ASHLEY D.Shelf toslope depositional systems of Santos Basin,offshoreBrazil[C]//Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts.American Association of Petroleum Geologists,2002:179.
[7]杨飞,魏福军,彭大钧,等.白云凹陷北坡特殊层序地层样式[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(3):241-243.
[8]彭大钧,陈长民,庞雄,等.南海珠江口盆地深水扇系统的发现[J].石油学报,2004,25(5):17-23.
[9]陈长民,施和生,许仕策,等.珠江口盆地(东部)第三系油气藏形成条件[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[10]彭大钧,庞雄,陈长民,等.从浅水陆架走向深水陆坡———南海深水扇系统的研究[J].沉积学报,2005,23(1):1-11.
[11]彭大钧,庞雄,陈长民,等.南海珠江深水扇系统的形成特征与控制因素[J].沉积学报,2006,24(1):10-18.
[12]SMITH L B Jr.Submarine geomorphology and sedi-mentation patterns of the Gyre intraslope basin,Northwest Gulf of Mexico:[Master's dissertation][D].Texas:Texas A&M University.CollegeStation,1975.
[13]黄春菊,周蒂,陈长民,等.深反射地震剖面所揭示的白云凹陷的深部地壳结构[J].科学通报,2005,50(10):1024-1031.
[14]吴湘杰,周蒂,庞雄,等.白云凹陷地球物理场及深部结构特征[J].热带海洋学报,2005,24(2):62-69.
[15]陈斯忠,宋建民,陈伟煌.对海上找气的思考[J].中国海上油气(地质),2003,17(3):153-159.
[16]吴能友,曾维军,宋海斌,等.南海区域构造沉降特征[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2003,23(1):55-65.
[17]陈汉宗,吴湘杰,周蒂,等.珠江口盆地中新生代主要断裂特征和动力背景分析[J].热带海洋学报,2005,24(2):52-61.
[18]邵磊,吴国?,赵泉鸿,等.南海北部深水陆坡区物流演化史及海相烃源研究[R].中海石油研究中心南海东部研究院,同济大学海洋与地球科学学院,2003.
[19]APPS G M,PEEL F J,TRAVIS C J,et al.Struc-tural controls on Tertiary deep water deposition inthe northern Gulf of Mexico[C]//GCSSEPM Foun-dation 15th Annual Research Conference SubmarineFans and Turbidite Systems.1994:1-7.
[20]庞雄,陈长民,施和生,等.相对海平面变化与南海珠江深水扇系统的响应[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):167-78.
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