厄瓜多尔Oriente盆地Horm-Nantu油田纳波组潮坪微相研究
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摘要
以小层为基本单元,利用岩心、录井资料对潮坪沉积环境中各微相类型进行了有效识别和划分,建立了潮坪相沉积模式。结合测井解释,总结出不同环境中所形成的岩石记录的沉积特征以及各类沉积单元在测井曲线上的特殊响应。同时,借助地震属性和反演技术确定不同层位的潮道走向及砂体延展范围,从而在井资料有限的条件下获得了研究区小层沉积微相的展布特征。研究认为,Horm-Nantu油田上白垩统LU和M1层主要发育潮坪沉积体系。LU自下而上整体上粒度由粗变细,下部LU-4、LU-3两小层均发育厚度大、物性好的潮道砂体,由海向陆延伸较远。LU-2小层只有向海一侧发育了小范围的粗粒潮道沉积,大面积为泥质沉积,垂向上形成了典型的海退型进积序列。LU-1小层未发育潮道沉积,粒度较粗的仅为砂坪沉积。M1自下而上为两次潮汐周期沉积而成,下部M1-2小层发育两个规模较大的主潮道,潮道方向自南西向北东延伸;上部M1-1小层只发育一个潮道,是在另一轮的潮汐周期内的混合坪环境而形成的。
By synthetically utilizing varieties of data such as core,well logging,mud logging,and seismology,and summarizing sedimentary characteristics of rocks developed in different environments and specific responses of well logging curves to all kinds of sedimentary units,we identify and divide microfacies in tidal flat environments on the basis of single sand bodies,and then sedimentary pattern of tidal flat is established. At the same time,by use of seismic attributes and inversion technique to help estimate the strike of tidal channels and expanding range,the distribution features of single sand body microfacies of the research area are obtained in the condition of limited well data. The result indicates that LU and M1 formations of Horm-Nantu Oilfield grossly belong to tidal flat depositional systems. M1 was made of two cycles of tide from down to up,with two larger scale major channels developed in the lower part along the NE-SW direction,and with one tidal channel developed in another tidal cycle in a mixed flat surrounding. The granularity of the whole LU formation becomes coarse from down to up,with tidal channel sand bodies developed for both LU-4 and LU-3 with large thickness and good physical properties,and is stretching a long distance from land to sea. Coarse-grained tidal channel sediment was deposited for the LU-2 small layer,with a large area of mud material and vertically developing typical progradation sequences of marine regression. No tidal channel sediment was found in LU-1 sand body and the coarse sediment is almost the sand flat sediment.
By synthetically utilizing varieties of data such as core,well logging,mud logging,and seismology,and summarizing sedimentary characteristics of rocks developed in different environments and specific responses of well logging curves to all kinds of sedimentary units,we identify and divide microfacies in tidal flat environments on the basis of single sand bodies,and then sedimentary pattern of tidal flat is established. At the same time,by use of seismic attributes and inversion technique to help estimate the strike of tidal channels and expanding range,the distribution features of single sand body microfacies of the research area are obtained in the condition of limited well data. The result indicates that LU and M1 formations of Horm-Nantu Oilfield grossly belong to tidal flat depositional systems. M1 was made of two cycles of tide from down to up,with two larger scale major channels developed in the lower part along the NE-SW direction,and with one tidal channel developed in another tidal cycle in a mixed flat surrounding. The granularity of the whole LU formation becomes coarse from down to up,with tidal channel sand bodies developed for both LU-4 and LU-3 with large thickness and good physical properties,and is stretching a long distance from land to sea. Coarse-grained tidal channel sediment was deposited for the LU-2 small layer,with a large area of mud material and vertically developing typical progradation sequences of marine regression. No tidal channel sediment was found in LU-1 sand body and the coarse sediment is almost the sand flat sediment.
引文
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[2]White HJ,Skopec R A,Ramirez F A,et al.Reservoir char-acterization of the Hollin and Napo Formations,Western Ori-ente Basin,Ecuador[C]//Petroleum Basins of South Ameri-ca,Memoir American Association of Petroleum Geologists,Petroleum Basins of South America.1995,62:573-596.
[3]Shanmugam G,Poffenberger M,Toro Alava J.Tide-domina-ted estuarine faciesinthe Hollin and Napo(“T”and“U”)for-mations(Cretaceous),Sacha field,Oriente Basin[J].Ecua-dor.Bulletin American Association of Petroleum Geologists,2000,84(5):652-682.
[4]Shanmugam G,Poffenberger M.Tide-dominated estuarine fa-cies in the Hollin and Napo(“T”and“U”)formations(Creta-ceous),Sacha Field,Oriente Basin,Ecuador:Reply[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(2):335-340.
[5]Higgs R.Tide-dominated estuarine facies in the Hollin and Napo(“T”and“U”)formations(Cretaceous),Sacha field,Oriente Basin,Ecuador:discussion[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(2):329-334.
[6]Campbell C J.Guide to the Puerto Napo area,eastern Ecua-dor,with notes on the regional geology of the Oriente Basin[C]//Ecuadorian Geological and Geophysical Society,Quito.1970:1-40.
[7]Urien C M,Zambrano J J,Yrigoyen M R.Petroleum basins of southern south America[C]//Petroleum Basins of South A-merica.Memoir American Association of Petroleum Geolo-gists,Petroleum Basins of South America.1995:62:63-77.
[8]Tankard AJ,Hobday D K.Tide-dominated back-barrier sedi-mentation,early Ordovician Cape Basin,Cape Peninsula,South Africa[J].Sedi mentary Geology,1977,18(1-3):135-159.
[9]冯增昭.沉积岩石学(下册)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993:161.[FENG Zengzhao.Sedi mentary Petrology(Second volume)[M].Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press,1993:161].
[10]姜在兴.沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003:382.[JI ANG Zaixing.Sedi mentology[M].Beijing:PetroleumIn-dustry Press,2003:382].
[11]赵澄林,朱筱敏.沉积岩石学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001:290.[ZHAO Chenglin,ZHU Xiaomin.Sedi mentary Petrology[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2001:290].
[12]董贺平,李绍全.青岛近海潮流沉积体系[J].中国海洋大学学报,2006,36(1):31-36.[DONG Heping,LI Shaoquan.On the offshore tidal depositional systemin Qingdao[J].Periodi-cal of Ocean University of China,2006,36(1):31-36].
[13]关达,张卫华,管路平,等.相控储层预测技术及其在大牛地气田D井区的应用[J].石油物探,2006,45(3):230-233.[GUAN Da,ZHANG Weihua,GUAN Luping,et al.Reser-voir prediction under the constraint of seismic or sedi ment phase and applicationto DNDgas field[J].Geophysical Pros-pecting for Petroleum,2006,45(3):230-233].
[14]张家强,李从先,丛友滋.苏北南黄海潮成沙体的发育条件及演变过程[J].海洋学报,1999,21(2):65-74.[ZHANG Jiaqiang,LI Congxian,CONG Youzi.Producing condition and evolving progress of the tidal sand bodies in the northern Jiangsu and the southern Huanghai Sea[J].Acta Oceanologi-ca Sinica,1999,21(2):65-74].
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