桂北河池-宜州断裂带构造特征及其演化:柳城段浅部到深部结构的启示
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摘要
河池-宜州断裂带是一条东西向构造带,位于扬子地块东南缘雪峰山构造带南部,与扬子地块主体NE向的构造格局明显不同,其成因始终不明确。本文通过遥感构造解译、野外地质观察、构造剖面绘制、地震和MT剖面解释等手段,对河池-宜州断裂带东段进行了空间上由浅入深的系统研究,研究表明断裂带总体表现为向北逆冲的叠瓦构造分割了雪峰山南段构造体系和桂中坳陷构造体系;河池-宜州断裂带经历了多期次活动历史,其中现今构造格局主体由印支期和燕山期复合动力学机制下形成的,西段主要由印支期向南的弧形逆冲推覆阶段形成,东段主要由燕山期向西的弧形叠瓦式逆冲推覆奠定,它们的弧顶正好在宜州附近交接。
The Hechi-Yizhou fault zone is an east-west structural belt in the southern Xuefeng Mountains of the Yangtze block. It is significantly different from the NE-trending tectonic framework in the Yangtze block. But the cause is not clear. Based on remote sensing image,abundant field data,geological structural sections,MT and seismic interpretation,this paper systematically analyzed the Hechi-Yizhou fault zone from the surface to the depth. This research shows that the structural pattern of the Hechi-Yizhou fault zone is a north-trending imbricate structure,which separates the southern Xuefeng structural system from the Guizhong depression. This fault zone has experienced polyphase activities. The E-W-trending structures shaped its initial geometry in the Caledonian. During the Hercynian,it began to rift,controlling the deposition of the Guizhong depression. During the Indosinian,the fault zone intensively reversed and thrusted towards southeast at the Hechi-Yizhou segment as a result of the collisions between the Indochina and Yangtze blocks. This structure was propagated to the east,and formed a southward arc-convex belt finally. Then,the east-west compressional stress field in the Yanshanian generated the arc-like west-trending imbricate structure. The Liucheng-Zhongdu segment of the fault zone is its northward-imbricated ramp. Due to the superimposition of two-stage arc-like structures,a triangle zone occurred near the Hechi-Yizhou segment. Meanwhile,the main faults were linked together and strongly activated. The current tectonic framework is mainly a result of the complex geodynamic evolution during the Indosinian orogeny and Yanshanian orogeny: The west segment is the south-trending arc-like imbricate structures in the Indosinian orogeny,and the east segment is the west-trending arc-like imbricate structures in the Yanshanian orogeny. The two arcs just linked at the vicinity of Yizhou City.
The Hechi-Yizhou fault zone is an east-west structural belt in the southern Xuefeng Mountains of the Yangtze block. It is significantly different from the NE-trending tectonic framework in the Yangtze block. But the cause is not clear. Based on remote sensing image,abundant field data,geological structural sections,MT and seismic interpretation,this paper systematically analyzed the Hechi-Yizhou fault zone from the surface to the depth. This research shows that the structural pattern of the Hechi-Yizhou fault zone is a north-trending imbricate structure,which separates the southern Xuefeng structural system from the Guizhong depression. This fault zone has experienced polyphase activities. The E-W-trending structures shaped its initial geometry in the Caledonian. During the Hercynian,it began to rift,controlling the deposition of the Guizhong depression. During the Indosinian,the fault zone intensively reversed and thrusted towards southeast at the Hechi-Yizhou segment as a result of the collisions between the Indochina and Yangtze blocks. This structure was propagated to the east,and formed a southward arc-convex belt finally. Then,the east-west compressional stress field in the Yanshanian generated the arc-like west-trending imbricate structure. The Liucheng-Zhongdu segment of the fault zone is its northward-imbricated ramp. Due to the superimposition of two-stage arc-like structures,a triangle zone occurred near the Hechi-Yizhou segment. Meanwhile,the main faults were linked together and strongly activated. The current tectonic framework is mainly a result of the complex geodynamic evolution during the Indosinian orogeny and Yanshanian orogeny: The west segment is the south-trending arc-like imbricate structures in the Indosinian orogeny,and the east segment is the west-trending arc-like imbricate structures in the Yanshanian orogeny. The two arcs just linked at the vicinity of Yizhou City.
引文
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吴浩若.2000.广西加里东运动构造古地理问题.古地理学报,2(1):70-76.
杨大欢.2003.贵州从江南加逆冲断层系的基本特征及其意义.贵州地质,20(2):80-82.
张桂林.2004.扬子陆块南缘(桂北地区)前泥盆纪构造演化的运动学和动力学研究.中南大学优秀博士论文,117-123.
张继淹.2002.广西地质构造稳定性分析与评价.广西地质,15(3):1-7.
周立宏,李三忠,刘建忠等.2003.渤海湾盆地区前第三系构造演化与潜山油气成藏模式.北京:中国科学技术出版社,99-109.
朱光,刘国生,李双应,牛满兰.2000.下扬子地区盆地的“四层楼”结构及其动力学机制.合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),23(1):47-52.
Engebretson D C,Cox A and Gordon R G.1985.Relative mo-tions between oceanic and continental plates in the Pacificbasin.The Geological Society of America,Special Paper206,1-59.
陈懋弘,梁金城,张桂林,李文杰,潘罗忠,李容森.2006.桂北-桂东加里东期盆地构造沉降史分析.大地构造与成矿学,30(1):9-17.
滇黔桂石油地质志编写组.1992.中国石油地质志(卷十一),滇黔桂油气区.北京:石油工业出版社,208-211.
广西壮族自治区地质矿产局.1985.广西壮族自治区区域地质志.北京:地质出版社,689-707.
广西壮族自治区区域地质测量队.1974.区域地质调查报告(宜山幅、柳州幅、罗城幅、融安幅).
侯宇光.2005.桂北河池-宜山断裂带构造演化及其与油气的关系.中国地质大学优秀硕士论文,52-56.
黄继钧.1998.广西凤凰山银矿构造控矿作用分析.矿床地质,17(3):229-239.
金宠,李三忠,楼达,王璐,许淑梅,刘博,周立宏.2007.黄骅坳陷南部滩海区中生界构造与演化.海洋地质与第四纪地质,27(1):101-110.
李献华.1999.广西北部新元古代花岗岩锆石U-Pb年代学及其构造意义.地球化学,28(1):1-9.
楼达,李三忠,金宠,周永刚,刘博,许淑梅,周立宏,高振平.2008.黄骅坳陷中区中生代构造演化.海洋地质与第四纪地质,28(3):43-53.
马力,陈焕疆,甘克文,徐定克,徐效松,吴根耀,葉舟,梁兴,吴少华,邱蕴玉,章平澜,葛芃芃等.2004.中国南方大地构造和海相油气地质(上卷).北京:地质出版社,108-112.
任纪舜,王作勋,陈炳蔚,姜春发,牛宝贵,李锦轶,谢广连,和政军,刘志刚.1999.中国及邻区大地构造图.北京:地质出版社.
沈晓明,张海祥,张伯友.2008.华南中生代变质核杂岩构造及其与岩石圈减薄机制的关系初探.大地构造与成矿学,32(1):11-19.
吴浩若.2000.广西加里东运动构造古地理问题.古地理学报,2(1):70-76.
杨大欢.2003.贵州从江南加逆冲断层系的基本特征及其意义.贵州地质,20(2):80-82.
张桂林.2004.扬子陆块南缘(桂北地区)前泥盆纪构造演化的运动学和动力学研究.中南大学优秀博士论文,117-123.
张继淹.2002.广西地质构造稳定性分析与评价.广西地质,15(3):1-7.
周立宏,李三忠,刘建忠等.2003.渤海湾盆地区前第三系构造演化与潜山油气成藏模式.北京:中国科学技术出版社,99-109.
朱光,刘国生,李双应,牛满兰.2000.下扬子地区盆地的“四层楼”结构及其动力学机制.合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),23(1):47-52.
Engebretson D C,Cox A and Gordon R G.1985.Relative mo-tions between oceanic and continental plates in the Pacificbasin.The Geological Society of America,Special Paper206,1-59.
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