碎屑岩系油气储层沉积学的发展历程与热点问题思考
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摘要
随着世界各大产油国(区)油气勘探与开发成熟度的日益增高,储层地质问题业已上升为制约石油工业油气勘探开发的主要瓶颈问题之一。为了提高油气田勘探成功率与开发采收率,进一步实现"增储上产"之目的,全面开展储层多参数的空间展布的准确预测和表征方法技术研究已成为当前油气地质工作必不可少的内容,尤为重要的是它们均离不开储层沉积学这一根本基础。储层沉积学兴起于20世纪60年代,至今已有40多年的发展历程;本文在总结阐述国内外研究进展的基础上,分阶段地从这一学科的形成背景、石油工业的需求、多学科的相互渗透、专业化的形成与发展趋势等方面进行了阐述。同时,也对当前碎屑岩系储层沉积学所涉及的热点领域,如现代沉积与野外露头研究方法、地球物理方法的应用、多参数沉积相图的编制方法、层序地层学的应用、深水沉积储层的成因、地震沉积学的形成与应用、陆相盆地沉积充填模式以及储层成岩作用等方面进行了概述与讨论,并就我国如何深化这一学科研究提出了一些建议与应注意的问题。
With the petroleum exploration and development of many oil-producing countries or areas in the world becoming increasingly mature,the problem of reservoir geology has become one of the main bottleneck problems of restricting petroleum exploration and development in petroleum industry.In order to improve exploration success ratio and development EOR and to further realize the purpose of "increasing reserves and production",to carry out comprehensively the precise prediction for the spatial distribution of multi-parameter of a sedimentary reservoir and the research on characterization methods and technologies have become the indispensable content in the current work of petroleum geology.The principally important is that they all can't depart from the kernel foundation of reservoir sedimentology.Started from 1960s,reservoir sedimentology has a development course of over 40 years.Based on the summery of the research progress both in China and abroad,this paper mainly has applied a view of historical materialism to expatiate the formation background of this subject,the demands of petroleum industry,the interpenetration of multidiscipline,the formation and development trend of this subject's specialization and research approaches.Meanwhile,current some research hot points of clastic reservoir sedimentology have been summarized and discussed,such as research methods of modern sedimentation and outcrop,application of geophysical method,the mapping method of sedimentary facies by multi-parameter,application of sequence stratigraphy,the genesis of sedimentary reservoir in deep water,the formation and application of seismic sedimentology,depositional filling models of nonmarine basin,and reservoir diagenesis,etc.And then,some suggestions have been put forward on important problems to deepen the research on this subject.
With the petroleum exploration and development of many oil-producing countries or areas in the world becoming increasingly mature,the problem of reservoir geology has become one of the main bottleneck problems of restricting petroleum exploration and development in petroleum industry.In order to improve exploration success ratio and development EOR and to further realize the purpose of "increasing reserves and production",to carry out comprehensively the precise prediction for the spatial distribution of multi-parameter of a sedimentary reservoir and the research on characterization methods and technologies have become the indispensable content in the current work of petroleum geology.The principally important is that they all can't depart from the kernel foundation of reservoir sedimentology.Started from 1960s,reservoir sedimentology has a development course of over 40 years.Based on the summery of the research progress both in China and abroad,this paper mainly has applied a view of historical materialism to expatiate the formation background of this subject,the demands of petroleum industry,the interpenetration of multidiscipline,the formation and development trend of this subject's specialization and research approaches.Meanwhile,current some research hot points of clastic reservoir sedimentology have been summarized and discussed,such as research methods of modern sedimentation and outcrop,application of geophysical method,the mapping method of sedimentary facies by multi-parameter,application of sequence stratigraphy,the genesis of sedimentary reservoir in deep water,the formation and application of seismic sedimentology,depositional filling models of nonmarine basin,and reservoir diagenesis,etc.And then,some suggestions have been put forward on important problems to deepen the research on this subject.
引文
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26顾家裕,张兴阳.油气沉积学发展回顾和应用现状[J].沉积学报,2003,21(1):101-102
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28张昌民,张尚锋,等.中国河流沉积研究20年[J].沉积学报,2004,22(2):183-192
29王随继,倪晋仁,等.河流沉积学研究进展及发展趋势[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2000,8(4):362-369
30刘宝-,韩作振,等.当代沉积学研究进展、前瞻与思考[J].特种油气藏,2006,13(5):1-5
31马永生,梅冥相,陈小兵,等.碳酸盐岩储层沉积学[M].北京:地质出版社,1999
32顾家裕,邓宏文,朱筱敏,等.层序地层学及其在油气勘探开发中的应用论文集[C].北京:石油工业出版社,1997
33Cross TA,et al.Application of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy to reservoir analysis[C]∥Eschard R,Doligez B,ed.Subsurface Reservoir Characterization from Outcrop Observation.Proceedings of the7thIEP Exploration and Production Research Conference,Pairs,Technip,1993:11-33
34邓宏文,王洪亮.沉积物体积分配原理高分辨率层序地层学的理论基础[J].地学前缘,2000,7(4):305-313
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