滑坡堵江弯道床沙分选及河床变形试验研究
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摘要
为了对地震后弯曲河流的灾害防治提供科学依据,通过弯道不同水流条件清水冲刷试验,分析了弯道水流结构、床沙分选及其河床变形特征,得到结论:弯道进口顶冲位置具有较大的横向流速;对于非均匀床沙弯道,河段不同位置床沙粗细化现象极为显著;弯道河段地形冲淤变化不同区域存在较大的差异。深入揭示了弯道底沙运动、冲淤变形与水流特性的相互作用机制。
In order to provide experimental basis for the reconstruction of river bend after the earthquake,a series of clear-water scour with the same initial bed material were done in a U-shape bend.The variations of flow structure,sediment sorting coefficients and bed deformations were analyzed.The results showed that,there was large transverse velocity at the blunt position of the bend's inlet,bed sediment sorting was remarkable for non-uniform bed sand,and bed deformations had a large difference in different domains which were favorable to further understand the interactions among flow structure,sediment movement and channel deformation in bends.
In order to provide experimental basis for the reconstruction of river bend after the earthquake,a series of clear-water scour with the same initial bed material were done in a U-shape bend.The variations of flow structure,sediment sorting coefficients and bed deformations were analyzed.The results showed that,there was large transverse velocity at the blunt position of the bend's inlet,bed sediment sorting was remarkable for non-uniform bed sand,and bed deformations had a large difference in different domains which were favorable to further understand the interactions among flow structure,sediment movement and channel deformation in bends.
引文
[1]钱宁,张仁,周志德.河床演变学[M].北京:科学出版社,1987.
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[4]Hsu Y S,Hsu Y H.Impact of earthquake-induced dammed lakes on channel evolution and bed mobility:case study of the Tsaoling landslide dammed lake[J].Journal of Hydrology,2009,374(1-2):43-45.
[5]Sudo K,Sumida M,Hibara H.Experimental investigation on turbulent flow in a circular-sectioned 90-degree bends [J].Experiments in Fluids,1998(25):42-49.
[6]Ahmed F.Three-dimensional mean velocity analysis of a 30 degree bend flow[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2000,126(12):1262-1272.
[7]Xu Guangxiang,Shi Kai.Turbulent characteristics of bend flow[J].Shanxi Architecture,2007,33(12):354-355.[许光祥,史凯.弯道水流的紊动特性[J].山西建筑,2007,33(12):354-355.]
[8]Liu Jian,Guo Weidong.Experimental study on flow regime in bend reaches[J].Yangtze River,2008,39(16):81-84.[刘健,郭维东.弯道河段水流流态试验研究[J].人民长江,2008,39(16):81-84.]
[9]Zeng Qinghua.Study on characteristics of bedload transport in bends[J].Journal of Sediment Research,1982(3):59-65.[曾庆华.关于弯道的底沙运动问题[J].泥沙研究,1982(3):59-65.]
[10]Tominaga A,Nagao M.Secondary flow structures in bends of narrow open channels with variouscross sections[R]//ICHE(Conferences in Seoul).2000:1-9.
[11]Kassem A,Chaudhry M H.Effect of bed armoring on bed topography of channel bends[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2005,131(2):1136-1140.
[2]王平义.弯曲河道水力学[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1995.
[3]Dadson S J,Hovius N,Chen Hongey,et al.Earthquake-triggered increase in sediment delivery from an active mountain belt[J].Geology,2004,32(8):733-736.
[4]Hsu Y S,Hsu Y H.Impact of earthquake-induced dammed lakes on channel evolution and bed mobility:case study of the Tsaoling landslide dammed lake[J].Journal of Hydrology,2009,374(1-2):43-45.
[5]Sudo K,Sumida M,Hibara H.Experimental investigation on turbulent flow in a circular-sectioned 90-degree bends [J].Experiments in Fluids,1998(25):42-49.
[6]Ahmed F.Three-dimensional mean velocity analysis of a 30 degree bend flow[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2000,126(12):1262-1272.
[7]Xu Guangxiang,Shi Kai.Turbulent characteristics of bend flow[J].Shanxi Architecture,2007,33(12):354-355.[许光祥,史凯.弯道水流的紊动特性[J].山西建筑,2007,33(12):354-355.]
[8]Liu Jian,Guo Weidong.Experimental study on flow regime in bend reaches[J].Yangtze River,2008,39(16):81-84.[刘健,郭维东.弯道河段水流流态试验研究[J].人民长江,2008,39(16):81-84.]
[9]Zeng Qinghua.Study on characteristics of bedload transport in bends[J].Journal of Sediment Research,1982(3):59-65.[曾庆华.关于弯道的底沙运动问题[J].泥沙研究,1982(3):59-65.]
[10]Tominaga A,Nagao M.Secondary flow structures in bends of narrow open channels with variouscross sections[R]//ICHE(Conferences in Seoul).2000:1-9.
[11]Kassem A,Chaudhry M H.Effect of bed armoring on bed topography of channel bends[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2005,131(2):1136-1140.
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