火山岩波动方程正演模拟研究
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摘要
松辽盆地火山岩埋藏较深,下伏地层成像精度极低,对构造解释造成了一定的影响。为了了解火山岩体对下伏地层的影响程度,采用波动方程正演模拟技术,研究了9种波阻抗组合和两类岩性组合情况下火山岩理论模型的地震响应特征。其波场快照能直观地展现地震波在火山岩体中的传播过程。对正演模拟结果进行了分析,认为火山岩体的底界面反射不清晰是火山岩体对下伏地层屏蔽作用所致;火山岩体厚度增大时,下伏连续地层的反射中断现象更明显,以致出现假断层和假构造现象。
The deeply buried voleanics in Songliao basin leads to very low imaging accuracy for underlying formation,which has some nega- tive effect on the structure interpretation.In order to research the effect degree of volcanics on underlying formation,the forward modeling based on wave equation was used to analyze the seismic response characteristics of different theoretical volcanics models ac- cording to nine kinds of wave impedance association and two kinds of lithological association.The propagation process of seismic wave can be shown illustratively on snapshots,which is beneficial to an- alyze the effect of volcanics on underlying formation imaging.The forward modeling shows that the unclear reflection of bottom boundary in volcanics is for the shielding effect caused by particular wave impedances between the volcanics and the underlying forma- tion.The discontinuity reflectance signature of underlying continu- ous formation will become more obvious when the volcanics is thick,resulting in forming pseudo- faults and structures.The modeling results show that the forward modeling based on wave e- quation can be used to accurately simulate the propagation process of seismic wave in volcanic rock,discover the shielding effect of volcanic to the underlying formation,find out the pseudo- faults and structures caused by the difference of volcanics thickness and its wave impedances,and eliminate the impact on structure inter- pretation eventually.
The deeply buried voleanics in Songliao basin leads to very low imaging accuracy for underlying formation,which has some nega- tive effect on the structure interpretation.In order to research the effect degree of volcanics on underlying formation,the forward modeling based on wave equation was used to analyze the seismic response characteristics of different theoretical volcanics models ac- cording to nine kinds of wave impedance association and two kinds of lithological association.The propagation process of seismic wave can be shown illustratively on snapshots,which is beneficial to an- alyze the effect of volcanics on underlying formation imaging.The forward modeling shows that the unclear reflection of bottom boundary in volcanics is for the shielding effect caused by particular wave impedances between the volcanics and the underlying forma- tion.The discontinuity reflectance signature of underlying continu- ous formation will become more obvious when the volcanics is thick,resulting in forming pseudo- faults and structures.The modeling results show that the forward modeling based on wave e- quation can be used to accurately simulate the propagation process of seismic wave in volcanic rock,discover the shielding effect of volcanic to the underlying formation,find out the pseudo- faults and structures caused by the difference of volcanics thickness and its wave impedances,and eliminate the impact on structure inter- pretation eventually.
引文
1张永刚．地震波场数值模拟方法[J]．石油物探，2003，42(2)：143～148
2渥·伊尔马滋[美]著．地震数据处理[M]．黄绪德，袁明德译．北京：石油工业出版社，1994．1～450
3 Alford R M.Accuracy of finite difference modeling of the acoustic wave equation[J].Geophysics,1974,39 (6):834～842
4任甲祥，俞康胤．有限元法合成地震记录的制作[J]．石油物探，1988，27(1)：92～102
5贺振华．反射地震资料偏移处理与反演方法[M]．重庆：重庆大学出版社，1989．1～192
6熊小兵，贺振华．相位移加有限差分法波动方程正演模拟[J]．石油物探，1998，37(3)：22～28
7李明，邹才能，刘晓，等．松辽盆地北部深层火山岩气藏识别与预测技术[J]．石油地球物理勘探，2002，37(5)：477～484
8张宝权，张少阳，尚卫忠，等．松辽盆地深层区域地质特征及有利勘探方向[J]．石油地球物理勘探．2006，41 (增刊)：70～74
9刘万洙，王璞珺，门广田，等．松辽盆地北部深层火山岩储层特征[J]．石油与天然气地质，2003，24(1)：28～31
10张殿成，何德友，尚广弟，等．松辽盆地汪家屯东火山岩储层预测[J]．石油物探，2000，39(2)：36～43
11夏步余，谌廷姗．地震技术在火成岩发育区开发中的应用[J]．石油物探，2002，41(4)：461～465
12崔世凌，杨泽蓉．火成岩储层的综合预测研究[J]．石油物探，2007，46(1)：36～41
13裴正林，牟永光．火成岩区地震波传播规律研究[J]．石油物探，2004，43(5)：433～437
14刘金平．松辽盆地徐家围子断陷火山岩储层综合预测方法研究[D]．吉林：吉林大学，2005
15毛小平，何大伟，辛广柱，等．厚层火山岩地震响应研究[J]．石油地球物理勘探，2005，40(6)：670～676
16李显贵，邵吉华，张涛．波阻抗模型正演技术在砂岩储层预测中的应用[J]．石油物探，2004，43(6)：584～586
17王建花，李庆忠，邱睿．浅层强反射界面的能量屏蔽作用[J]．石油地球物理勘探，2003，30(6)：589～596，602
18 Steward S A.Mid-Jurassic volcanic structures in the Outer Moray Firth Basin,UK[J].Journal of the Geo- logical Society,1999,156(3):487～499
19正奎，孟宪禄，王洪艳，等．松辽盆地储层火山岩地震反射特征及其分布规律[J]．长春科技大学学报，1999，29 (1)：33～36
2渥·伊尔马滋[美]著．地震数据处理[M]．黄绪德，袁明德译．北京：石油工业出版社，1994．1～450
3 Alford R M.Accuracy of finite difference modeling of the acoustic wave equation[J].Geophysics,1974,39 (6):834～842
4任甲祥，俞康胤．有限元法合成地震记录的制作[J]．石油物探，1988，27(1)：92～102
5贺振华．反射地震资料偏移处理与反演方法[M]．重庆：重庆大学出版社，1989．1～192
6熊小兵，贺振华．相位移加有限差分法波动方程正演模拟[J]．石油物探，1998，37(3)：22～28
7李明，邹才能，刘晓，等．松辽盆地北部深层火山岩气藏识别与预测技术[J]．石油地球物理勘探，2002，37(5)：477～484
8张宝权，张少阳，尚卫忠，等．松辽盆地深层区域地质特征及有利勘探方向[J]．石油地球物理勘探．2006，41 (增刊)：70～74
9刘万洙，王璞珺，门广田，等．松辽盆地北部深层火山岩储层特征[J]．石油与天然气地质，2003，24(1)：28～31
10张殿成，何德友，尚广弟，等．松辽盆地汪家屯东火山岩储层预测[J]．石油物探，2000，39(2)：36～43
11夏步余，谌廷姗．地震技术在火成岩发育区开发中的应用[J]．石油物探，2002，41(4)：461～465
12崔世凌，杨泽蓉．火成岩储层的综合预测研究[J]．石油物探，2007，46(1)：36～41
13裴正林，牟永光．火成岩区地震波传播规律研究[J]．石油物探，2004，43(5)：433～437
14刘金平．松辽盆地徐家围子断陷火山岩储层综合预测方法研究[D]．吉林：吉林大学，2005
15毛小平，何大伟，辛广柱，等．厚层火山岩地震响应研究[J]．石油地球物理勘探，2005，40(6)：670～676
16李显贵，邵吉华，张涛．波阻抗模型正演技术在砂岩储层预测中的应用[J]．石油物探，2004，43(6)：584～586
17王建花，李庆忠，邱睿．浅层强反射界面的能量屏蔽作用[J]．石油地球物理勘探，2003，30(6)：589～596，602
18 Steward S A.Mid-Jurassic volcanic structures in the Outer Moray Firth Basin,UK[J].Journal of the Geo- logical Society,1999,156(3):487～499
19正奎，孟宪禄，王洪艳，等．松辽盆地储层火山岩地震反射特征及其分布规律[J]．长春科技大学学报，1999，29 (1)：33～36
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