利用M_L振幅研究地壳横波Q值Ⅱ:Q横向变化特征
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摘要
利用中国地震年报(1984~2004年)测定ML所用的54000余条区域地震最大振幅数据,采用二维层析成像方法反演中国大陆地壳介质品质因子Q0结构.反演结果表明,中国大陆地壳介质品质因子Q0平均为370,Q0横向变化量可达±200.在整个研究区解的分辨率能够达到3°×3°,大部分地区能够达到2°×2°.Q0的变化显示出与地质构造分区相关的特征:低衰减(高Q0值)异常区主要分布在塔里木盆地、四川盆地、鄂尔多斯高原及华南地区,鄂尔多斯高原北部Q0值最高;高衰减异常区(低Q0值)主要分布在青藏高原以东的川滇地区、华北平原、渤海湾,最低Q0值在渤海湾地区,天山、祁连山和汾渭地堑Q0也呈较低异常变化.总体看来,构造上稳定的克拉通地台的介质品质因子Q0较高,而构造上活动的地区往往Q0较低,显现出区域的衰减变化特征与地壳结构和区域构造之间的密切关系.
Over 54000 S wave amplitude and period data reported in the Annual Bulletin of Chinese Earthquakes (1984-2004) for M_L determination were used to study the S wave attenuation and the regional variation of crustal attenuation in China. A two-dimensional tomography method is adopted to find regional attenuation variation. We obtained an average Q_0 (Q at 1 Hz) value of 370 for the entire studied region with regional fluctuations ±200. Features larger than 2 degrees in most parts of China are well resolved and map directly to geologic provinces. Regions with the lowest attenuation (high Q_0 values) are beneath the Tarim Basin, Sichuan Basin, Ordos Platform, and South China Block. These tend to be tectonically inactive regions that are generally dominated by intrusive and cratonic rocks in the upper crust. Regions with the highest attenuation (low Q_0 values) are beneath Bohai Basin, Sichuan-Yunnan, North China basin, and regions beneath the Tian Shan, Qilian Shan and Fenwei graben also have low Q_0 values. These are predominantly active basins and fold belts.
Over 54000 S wave amplitude and period data reported in the Annual Bulletin of Chinese Earthquakes (1984-2004) for M_L determination were used to study the S wave attenuation and the regional variation of crustal attenuation in China. A two-dimensional tomography method is adopted to find regional attenuation variation. We obtained an average Q_0 (Q at 1 Hz) value of 370 for the entire studied region with regional fluctuations ±200. Features larger than 2 degrees in most parts of China are well resolved and map directly to geologic provinces. Regions with the lowest attenuation (high Q_0 values) are beneath the Tarim Basin, Sichuan Basin, Ordos Platform, and South China Block. These tend to be tectonically inactive regions that are generally dominated by intrusive and cratonic rocks in the upper crust. Regions with the highest attenuation (low Q_0 values) are beneath Bohai Basin, Sichuan-Yunnan, North China basin, and regions beneath the Tian Shan, Qilian Shan and Fenwei graben also have low Q_0 values. These are predominantly active basins and fold belts.
引文
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[22]Hearn TM,Ni J F.Pnvelocities beneathcontinental collisionzones:the Turkish-Iran Plateau.Geophys.J.Int.,1994,117:273~283
[23]汪素云,裴顺平,许忠淮等.利用ML振幅研究地壳横波Q0值I:不同构造区的衰减特征.地球物理学报,2007,50(6):1740~1747Wang S Y,Pei S P,Xu Z H,et al.Crustal S-waveQestimated from ML amplitudeⅠ:attenuation in different tectonic regions of China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(6):1740~1747
[24]Pei S P,Zhao J M,Rowe C A,Wang S Y,et al.MLamplitude tomography in North China.Bulletin ofthe Seismological Society of America,2006,96(4):1560~1566
[25]马宏生,汪素云,裴顺平等.川滇及周边地区地壳横波衰减的成像研究.地球物理学报,2007,50(2):465~471Ma HS,Wang S Y,Pei S P,et al.Q0tomography of S wave attenuation in Sichuan-Yunnan and adjacent regions.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(2):465~471
[26]Hearn T M.Anisotropic Pntomographyinthe western United States.J.Geophys.Res.,1996,101:8403~8414
[27]Hsu KJ,Li J,Chen H,et al.Tectonics of south China:key to understanding West Pacific.Tectonophysics,1990,183:9~39
[28]Steinshouer D,Qiang J,McCabe P,et al.Maps showing geology,oil and gas fields,and geologic provinces of the Asia Pacific Region.1997,U.S.Geological Survey Open-File Report97-470F
[29]汪素云,Hearn T M,许忠淮等.中国大陆上地幔顶部Pn速度结构.中国科学(D辑),2001,31(6):449~454Wang S Y,Hearn T M,Xu Z H,et al.Velocity structure of uppermost mantle beneath China continent from Pn tomography.Sciencein China(Series D)(in Chinese),2001,31(6):449~454
[30]Hearn T,Wang S Y,Ni J,et al.Uppermost mantle velocities beneath China and surrounding regions.J.Geophys.Res.,2004,109,B11301,doi:10.1029/2003JB002874
[31]Pei S P,Zhao J M,Sun YS,et al.Upper mantle seismic velocities and anisotropy in China determined through Pn and Sn tomography.J.Geophys.Res.,2007,112,B05312,doi:10.1029/2006JB004409
[32]胡圣标,何丽娟,汪集.中国大陆地区大地热流数据汇编(第三版).地球物理学报,2001,44(5):611~626Hu S B,He LJ,Wang J Y.Compilation of heat flowdata in the China continental area(3rd edition).Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2001,44(5):611~626
[2]李光品,徐果明,高尔根等.中国东部地壳、上地幔横波品质因子的三维层析成像.地震学报,2000,22(1):73~81Li GP,Xu G M,Gao E G,et al.Qtomography under the crust and upper mantle in eastern China.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),2000,22(1):73~81
[3]丛连理,胡家富,傅竹武等.中国大陆及邻近地区Lg尾波的Q值分布.中国科学(D辑),2002,32(8):617~624Cong L L,HuJ F,Fu Z W,et al.Distribution of Lg codaQintheChinese continent andits adjacent regions.Science in China(Series D)(in Chinese),2002,32(8):617~624
[4]洪学海,朱介寿,曹家敏等.中国大陆地壳上地幔S波品质因子三维层析成像.地球物理学报,2003,46(5):642~651Hong X H,Zhu J S,Cao J M,et al.Tomography of the3-DS-wave qualityfactor of the crust and upper mantle in China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2003,46(5):642~651
[5]黄玉龙,郑斯华,刘杰等.广东地区地震动衰减和场地响应的研究.地球物理学报,2003,46(1):54~61Huang YL,Zheng S H,Liu J,et al.Attenuation of ground motion and site response in Guangdong region.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2003,46(1):54~61
[6]刘杰,郑斯华,黄玉龙.利用遗传算法反演非弹性衰减系数、震源参数和场地响应.地震学报,2003,25(2):211~218Liu J,Zheng S H,Huang Y L.The inversion of anelastic coefficient,source parameters and site respond using genetic algorithm.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),2003,25(2):211~218
[7]刘建华,刘福田,阎晓蔚等.华北地区Lg尾波衰减研究-Lg尾波Q的测量.地球物理学报,2004,47(5):822~831Liu J H,Liu F T,Yan X W,et al.Astudy of Lg coda attenuation in North China:the measurement of LgcodaQ.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(5):822~831
[8]刘建华,刘福田,阎晓蔚等.华北地区Lg尾波衰减研究-Lg尾波Q0地震成像.地球物理学报,2004,47(6):1044~1052Liu J H,Liu F T,Yan X W,et al.Astudy of Lg coda attenuation beneath north China:seismic imaging of Lg codaQ0.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(6):1044~1052
[9]Phillips WS,Hartse HE,Rutledge J T.Amplitude ratiotomography for regional phaseQ.Geophys.Res.Lett.,2005,32,10.1029/2005GL023870
[10]Rapine R,Ni J,Hearn T.Regional wave-propagation in China and its surroundingregions.Bull.Seismo.Soc.Am.,1997,87:1622~1636
[11]Xie J,Gok R,Ni J,et al.Lateral variations of crustal seismic attenuation along the INDEPTH profiles in Tibet from LgQ inversion.J.Geophys.Res.,2004,109,B10308,doi:10.1029/2004JB002988
[12]Xie J,Wu Z,Liu R,et al.Tomographic regionalization of crustal Lg Qin eastern Eurasia.Geophys.Res.Lett.,2006,33,L03315,doi:10.1029/2005GL024410
[13]Kennett BL N.Reflections,rays andreverberations.Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.,1974,64:1685~1696
[14]Xie J.Spectral inversion of Lg Fromearthquakes:a modified method with applications to the1995,Western Texas earthquake sequence.Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,1998,88(6):1525~1537
[15]Campillo M.Lg wave-propagationin a laterally varying crust and the distribution of the apparent quality factor in central France.J.Geophys.Res.,1987,92:12604~12614
[16]Mitchell B,Pan Y,Xie J,et al.Lg codaQvariation across Eurasia and itsrelationto crustal evolution.J.Geophys.Res.,1997,102:22767~2279
[17]Calvert A,Sandvol E,Seber D,et al.Propagation of regional seismic phases(Lg and Sn)and Pn velocity structure along the Africa-Iberia plate boundary zone:tectonic implications.Geophys.J.Int.,2000,142:384~408
[18]Phillips W S.Empirical path corrections for regional phase amplitudes.Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,1999,89:384~393
[19]Phillips WS,Hartse HE,Taylor S R,et al.1Hz LgQtomography in central Asia.Geophys.Res.Lett.,2000,27:3425~3428
[20]Phillips WS,Hartse HE,Taylor S R,et al.Application of regional phase amplitude tomography to seismic verification.Pure Appl.Geophys.,2001,158:1189~1206
[21]Taylor S R,Yang X,Phillips W S.Bayesian Lg attenuation tomography applied to eastern Asia.Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,2003,93:795~803
[22]Hearn TM,Ni J F.Pnvelocities beneathcontinental collisionzones:the Turkish-Iran Plateau.Geophys.J.Int.,1994,117:273~283
[23]汪素云,裴顺平,许忠淮等.利用ML振幅研究地壳横波Q0值I:不同构造区的衰减特征.地球物理学报,2007,50(6):1740~1747Wang S Y,Pei S P,Xu Z H,et al.Crustal S-waveQestimated from ML amplitudeⅠ:attenuation in different tectonic regions of China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(6):1740~1747
[24]Pei S P,Zhao J M,Rowe C A,Wang S Y,et al.MLamplitude tomography in North China.Bulletin ofthe Seismological Society of America,2006,96(4):1560~1566
[25]马宏生,汪素云,裴顺平等.川滇及周边地区地壳横波衰减的成像研究.地球物理学报,2007,50(2):465~471Ma HS,Wang S Y,Pei S P,et al.Q0tomography of S wave attenuation in Sichuan-Yunnan and adjacent regions.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(2):465~471
[26]Hearn T M.Anisotropic Pntomographyinthe western United States.J.Geophys.Res.,1996,101:8403~8414
[27]Hsu KJ,Li J,Chen H,et al.Tectonics of south China:key to understanding West Pacific.Tectonophysics,1990,183:9~39
[28]Steinshouer D,Qiang J,McCabe P,et al.Maps showing geology,oil and gas fields,and geologic provinces of the Asia Pacific Region.1997,U.S.Geological Survey Open-File Report97-470F
[29]汪素云,Hearn T M,许忠淮等.中国大陆上地幔顶部Pn速度结构.中国科学(D辑),2001,31(6):449~454Wang S Y,Hearn T M,Xu Z H,et al.Velocity structure of uppermost mantle beneath China continent from Pn tomography.Sciencein China(Series D)(in Chinese),2001,31(6):449~454
[30]Hearn T,Wang S Y,Ni J,et al.Uppermost mantle velocities beneath China and surrounding regions.J.Geophys.Res.,2004,109,B11301,doi:10.1029/2003JB002874
[31]Pei S P,Zhao J M,Sun YS,et al.Upper mantle seismic velocities and anisotropy in China determined through Pn and Sn tomography.J.Geophys.Res.,2007,112,B05312,doi:10.1029/2006JB004409
[32]胡圣标,何丽娟,汪集.中国大陆地区大地热流数据汇编(第三版).地球物理学报,2001,44(5):611~626Hu S B,He LJ,Wang J Y.Compilation of heat flowdata in the China continental area(3rd edition).Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2001,44(5):611~626
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