极化滤波在三分量噪声衰减中的应用研究
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摘要
极化滤波是根据各种地震波在三分量地震记录上偏振方向、程度的不同,将待处理的地震数据分解到该数据协方差矩阵的特征向量方向上来压制干扰,从而达到提高信噪比的目的.理论合成数据试算结果表明用该方法去除噪声方法灵活、保真性好、分辨率高.但是在实际资料的处理中,由于地层结构复杂多样,各种类型的波相互干扰,噪声衰减的效果受到一定影响.
Polarization filtering decomposes the seismic data to the eigenvector way of the covariance matrix for suppress interference, on the base of the various polarization direction and degree in the three component seismic data. Then ratio of the signal to noise will be increased. The result of theoretical synthetic data shows that this method is flex ible, good fidelity and high resolution in noise removal. But in actual work, the stratigraphic form is complex and multiple, various waves interference each other, so the effect of noise attenuation is impacted.
Polarization filtering decomposes the seismic data to the eigenvector way of the covariance matrix for suppress interference, on the base of the various polarization direction and degree in the three component seismic data. Then ratio of the signal to noise will be increased. The result of theoretical synthetic data shows that this method is flex ible, good fidelity and high resolution in noise removal. But in actual work, the stratigraphic form is complex and multiple, various waves interference each other, so the effect of noise attenuation is impacted.
引文
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[3] Perelberg A I, Hornbostel S C. Applications of seismic polarization analysis[J]. Geophysics, 1994, 59(1) : 119-130．
[4] Hearn S,Hendnck N. A review of single-station time-domain polarization analysis techniques [J]. Journal of Seismic Exploration. 1999, 8: 181-202．
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[7] Benhama A, Cliet C, Dubesset M. Study and applications of spalial directional filtering in three-component recordings[J]. Geophysical Prospecting, 1988,36(6) :591-613
[8] ChiouFen S, Robert B H. Ground roll: Rejection using polarization filters[J]. Geophysics,1990,55(9) : 1216-1222．
[9] Roberto D F, Gemma M. Polarization filter with singular value decomposition[J]. Geophysics. 2001, 66(3) :932-938．
[10] Nguyen D T, Brown R d, Lawton D C. Polarization filter for multi-component seismic data. Exploration Geophysics, 2001:93-101
[11] 李英康,崔作舟.分离纵波和横波的偏振旋转法[J].地球物理学报,1994,37(增刊1) :372-381 Li Y K, Cui Z Z. The method of polarization rotation to separation P-wave and S-wave[J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 1994,37(1) :372-391．
[12] 朱衍镛.二分量记录的空间方向滤波[J].石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(增刊2) :116-125 Zhu D Y. The spatial filter of two-component seismic recorded[J]. Oil Geophysical Prospecting. (in Chinese), 1995,30(2) :116-125．
[13] 葛勇,韩立国.极化分析研究及其在波场分离中的应用[J].长春地质学院学报,1996,26(1) :83-88． Ge Y, Han L G. The research of polarization and its application in wave field separation[J]. The Journal of Chang Chun Geological College. (in Chinese),1996,26(1) :83-88．
[14] 张金强.最小极化度滤波[J].石油物探,2002,41(3) :255-268． Zhang J Q. The research of minimum polarization filter[J]. Geophysical Prospecting For Petroleum.(in Chinese), 2002, 41(3) :255-268．
[15] 胡天跃,张广娟,赵伟,等.多分量地震波波场分解研究.地球物理学报,2004,47(3) :504-508． Hu T Y, Zhang G J, Zhao W, et al. Decomposition of multicomponent seismic wavefileds. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 2004, 47(3) :504-508．
[16] 刘恩儒,岳建华,潘冬明.地震各向异性-多组裂隙对横波偏振的影响[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(5) :1401-1409． Liu E R, Yue J H, Pan D M. Frequency-dependent anisotropy: Efects of multiple fracture sets on shear-wave polarizations[J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese),2006,49(5) :1401-1409．
[17] 刘建华,刘福田,胥颐.三分量地震资料的偏振分析[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1) :6-10． Liu J H, Liu F T, Xu Y. Polarizaiton analysis of three-component seismic data[J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2006, 21(1) :6-10．
[18] 张素芳,张智.均匀介质背景中三维异常体的面波波场响应及其动力学特征分析[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(4) :1180-1187． Zhang S F, Zhang Z. Surface wave wavefield and dynamic analysis for three-dimensional abnormal structures with homogenous background velocity model [J]. Chinese J.Geophys. (in Chinese), 51(4) : 1180-1187．
[19] 郭桂红,石双虎,剡慧君等.基于二维三分量伪谱法模拟数据的EDA介质中横波分裂研究[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(2) :469-478． Guo G H, Shi S H, Yan H J, etal . Azimuth-dependence of shear-wave splitting in EDA media: Two-dimensional three-component pseudo-spectral modeling. Chinese J. Geophys.(inChinese) ,2008,51(2) :469-478．
[20] 陈赞,高乐,赵烽帆.一种基于频率域偏振分析提高三分量地震资料信噪比的方法[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1) :255-261． Chen Y, Gao L, Zhao F F. A method to enhance the signal/noise ratio of three-component seismic data based on the polarization analysis in frequency domain[J]. Chinese J.Geophys. (in Chinese) ,2007,22(1) :255-261．
[2] Jurkevics A. Polarisation analysis of three component array data. Bull. , Seis. Soc. Am. ,1988,78:1725-1743．
[3] Perelberg A I, Hornbostel S C. Applications of seismic polarization analysis[J]. Geophysics, 1994, 59(1) : 119-130．
[4] Hearn S,Hendnck N. A review of single-station time-domain polarization analysis techniques [J]. Journal of Seismic Exploration. 1999, 8: 181-202．
[5] Samson J C. Matrix and Stokes vector representations of detectors for polarized waveforms: theory, with some applications to teleseismic waves[J]. Geophysics, 1977, 42(4) :583-603．
[6] Alkaz V G. ,Ornofrash N I,Perelberg A I. Polarization analysis of seismic waves[J]. 1977 ; Shtiintca Press (in Russian) [49] Fambach. S. The complex envelope in seismic signal abtalysis. 1975,6(5) :951-962
[7] Benhama A, Cliet C, Dubesset M. Study and applications of spalial directional filtering in three-component recordings[J]. Geophysical Prospecting, 1988,36(6) :591-613
[8] ChiouFen S, Robert B H. Ground roll: Rejection using polarization filters[J]. Geophysics,1990,55(9) : 1216-1222．
[9] Roberto D F, Gemma M. Polarization filter with singular value decomposition[J]. Geophysics. 2001, 66(3) :932-938．
[10] Nguyen D T, Brown R d, Lawton D C. Polarization filter for multi-component seismic data. Exploration Geophysics, 2001:93-101
[11] 李英康,崔作舟.分离纵波和横波的偏振旋转法[J].地球物理学报,1994,37(增刊1) :372-381 Li Y K, Cui Z Z. The method of polarization rotation to separation P-wave and S-wave[J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 1994,37(1) :372-391．
[12] 朱衍镛.二分量记录的空间方向滤波[J].石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(增刊2) :116-125 Zhu D Y. The spatial filter of two-component seismic recorded[J]. Oil Geophysical Prospecting. (in Chinese), 1995,30(2) :116-125．
[13] 葛勇,韩立国.极化分析研究及其在波场分离中的应用[J].长春地质学院学报,1996,26(1) :83-88． Ge Y, Han L G. The research of polarization and its application in wave field separation[J]. The Journal of Chang Chun Geological College. (in Chinese),1996,26(1) :83-88．
[14] 张金强.最小极化度滤波[J].石油物探,2002,41(3) :255-268． Zhang J Q. The research of minimum polarization filter[J]. Geophysical Prospecting For Petroleum.(in Chinese), 2002, 41(3) :255-268．
[15] 胡天跃,张广娟,赵伟,等.多分量地震波波场分解研究.地球物理学报,2004,47(3) :504-508． Hu T Y, Zhang G J, Zhao W, et al. Decomposition of multicomponent seismic wavefileds. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 2004, 47(3) :504-508．
[16] 刘恩儒,岳建华,潘冬明.地震各向异性-多组裂隙对横波偏振的影响[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(5) :1401-1409． Liu E R, Yue J H, Pan D M. Frequency-dependent anisotropy: Efects of multiple fracture sets on shear-wave polarizations[J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese),2006,49(5) :1401-1409．
[17] 刘建华,刘福田,胥颐.三分量地震资料的偏振分析[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1) :6-10． Liu J H, Liu F T, Xu Y. Polarizaiton analysis of three-component seismic data[J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2006, 21(1) :6-10．
[18] 张素芳,张智.均匀介质背景中三维异常体的面波波场响应及其动力学特征分析[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(4) :1180-1187． Zhang S F, Zhang Z. Surface wave wavefield and dynamic analysis for three-dimensional abnormal structures with homogenous background velocity model [J]. Chinese J.Geophys. (in Chinese), 51(4) : 1180-1187．
[19] 郭桂红,石双虎,剡慧君等.基于二维三分量伪谱法模拟数据的EDA介质中横波分裂研究[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(2) :469-478． Guo G H, Shi S H, Yan H J, etal . Azimuth-dependence of shear-wave splitting in EDA media: Two-dimensional three-component pseudo-spectral modeling. Chinese J. Geophys.(inChinese) ,2008,51(2) :469-478．
[20] 陈赞,高乐,赵烽帆.一种基于频率域偏振分析提高三分量地震资料信噪比的方法[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1) :255-261． Chen Y, Gao L, Zhao F F. A method to enhance the signal/noise ratio of three-component seismic data based on the polarization analysis in frequency domain[J]. Chinese J.Geophys. (in Chinese) ,2007,22(1) :255-261．
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